COMPILATION  OF  1913. 


« iL-MnnY 

0;  I HE 

owvcntsiry  of  ilunor 

13  N0V1914 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN 


LAWS  RELATING  TO 


LABOR 


COMPILED  UNDER  THE  SUPERVISION  OF 

FREDERICK  C.  MARTINDALE 

SECRETARY  OF  STATE 


LANSING,  MICHIGAN 

WYNKOOP  HALLENBECK  CRAWFORD  CO.,  STATE  PRINTERS 

1913 


/p7tt  &Y*  jfaj.  '£i/r 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


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CHAPTER  I. 


ORGANIZATION,  POWERS  AND  DUTIES  OF  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  LABOR. 


Act  285,  P.  A.  1909,  creating  department,  etc 


Sections. 

1-54 


CHAPTER  II. 

REGULATION  AND  INSPECTION. 


Sec.  1 — Mines:  Act  177,  P.  A.  1913,  coal  mines 55-101 

Act  163,  P.  A.  1911,  election  of  mine  inspectors 102-114 

Sec.  2 — Steam  vessels:  Act  113,  P.  A.  1909,  regulation,  etc 115-151 

Sec.  3 — Hotels:  Act  188,  P.  A.  1913,  relating  to  conduct,  etc 152-166 


CHAPTER  III. 

RELATIONS  OF  EMPLOYERS  AND  EMPLOYES. 

Act  106,  P.  A.  1903,  duties  and  liabilities  arising  from  inducements,  etc 
Act  104,  P.  A.  1909,  liability  of  common  carriers  to  employes 


CHAPTER  IV. 

day’s  LABOR  AND  PAYMENT  OF  WAGES. 


C.  L.  1897,  §§5453-5457,  legal  day’s  work 

C.  L.  1897,  §§  5458-5461,  day’s  labor  by  railroad  employes 

Act  187,  P.  A.  1905,  payment  of  wages  earned  on  public  works 

Act  59,  P.  A.  1913,  payment  of  wages  to  employes  of  public  corporations 

Act  290,  P.  A.  1913,  commission  on  wages  for  female  employes 


167-169 

170-176 


177-181 

182-185 

186-189 

190-193 

194-200 


CHAPTER  V. 

PROTECTION  OF  THE  RIGHTS,  HEALTH,  SAFETY  AND  LIVES  OF  LABORERS. 


C.  L-  1897,  § 11343,  protection  of  laborers  in  avocations 201 

C.  L.  1897,  §§  11400-11403,  protection  of  toilers  against  unjust  demands 202-205 

Act  194,  P.  A.  1909,  protection  of  employes,  etc.,  in  militia 206-209 

Act  210,  P.  A.  1905,  corrupt  influencing  of  employes 210 

Act  205,  P.  A.  1899,  water-closets  for  workmen  on  buildings 211-212 

C.  L.  1897,  §§  5508-5510,  protection  of  lives  of  employes  on  railroad  trains. . . . 213-215 

Act  234,  P.  A.  1907,  automatic  couplers 216-217 

C.  L.  1897,  §§  5513-5515,  safety  of  brakemen  and  other  employes 218-220 

C.  L.  1897,  §§  5522-5525,  protection  of  street  railway  employes  from  weather.  . 221-224 

Act  220,  P.  A.  1913,  operation  of  power  drills  in  mines 225-227 

Act  124,  P.  A.  1909,  safety  devices  on  corn  huskers 228-229 

C.  L.  1897,  §§  5550-5551,  protection  of  line  shafting 230-231 

Act  119,  P.  A.  1911,  reporting  of  occupational  diseases 232-234 


4 


CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER  VI. 

PRIVATE  EMPLOYMENT  AGENCIES. 

Sections. 

Act  301,  P.  A.  1913,  licensing  and  regulation 235-242 

CHAPTER  VII. 

COMPULSORY  EDUCATION. 

Act  200,  P.  A.  1905,  compulsory  education  of  children 243-248 

Act  48,  P.  A.  1907,  compulsory  education  of  deaf  children 249-251 

Note. — The  numbers  in  parentheses  ( ),  are  compiler’s  sections  and  are  consecutive 
throughout  the  book.  The  notes  used  refer  to  the  compiler’s  sections.  The  character  / 
is  used  in  citing  Michigan  cases,  to  avoid  the  repetition  of  Mich.  Annotated  with 
Supreme  Court  decisions  to  and  including  the  173d  Mich,  report. 


* 


LABOR  LAWS. 


Compilation  of  1913. 


CHAPTER  I.— ORGANIZATION,  POWERS  AND  DUTIES 
OF  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  LABOR. 


An  Act  to  provide  for  the  creation  of  a department  of  labor;  to  pre- 
scribe its  powers  and  duties;  to  regulate  the  employment  of  labor; 
to  make  an  appropriation  for  the  maintenance  of  such  department, 
and  to  prescribe  penalties  for  the  violation  of  this  act. 

[Act  285,  P.  A.  1909.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(1)  Section  1.  The  governor  is  hereby  authorized  and  Commi^ioner 
empowered  to  appoint  within  thirty  days  after  the  passage  appointed, 
of  this  act,  and  every  second  year  thereafter,  by  and  with  the 

advice  and  consent  of  the  senate,  and  also  within  thirty  days 
after  the  occurrence  of  any  vacancy  in  the  office,  a suitable 
person,  who  shall  be  a citizen  of  this  state,  as  commissioner 
of  labor,  who  shall  hold  his  office  until  his  successor  be  ap- 
pointed and  qualified.  The  title  of  such  officer  shall  be  “com-  official  title, 
missioner  of  labor,”  and  the  term  of  office  of  such  commis- term  of  office' 
sioner  shall  be  for  a period  of  two  years  after  such  appoint- 
ment. Such  commissioner  shall  keep  an  office  in  the  city  of  Deputy. 
Lansing,  and  shall  appoint  a deputy,  whose  term  of  office 
shall  continue  during  the  pleasure  of  such  commissioner. 

The  commissioner  may  appoint  such  deputy  factory  inspec-  Deputy  fac- 
tors and  assistants  from  time  to  time  as  shall  be  necessary  tors,  etcpec" 
for  the  transaction  of  the  business  of  his  office. 

BUREAU  OF  LABOR:  Organized  by  Act  156  of  1883  (C.  L.  1897,  §§  4597- 

4604).  Report  of  Bureau  of  Factory  Inspection  to  be  included  in  annual  re- 
port of  Commissioner  of  Labor. — Act  44  of  1899,  § 12 ; Act  9 of  1903. 

Scope  of  functions  extended. — Act  313  of  1907. 

DEPARTMENT  OF  LABOR  : Created  by  Act  285  of  1909,  and  amendatory 

acts  of  1911  and  1913  incorporated  with  the  original  act  in  this  compilation. 

Various  additional  powers,  functions  and  duties,  from  time  to  time  con- 
ferred and  imposed  upon  the  department,  are  also  included  in  this  compila- 
tion. 

(2)  Sec.  2.  The  duties  of  such  department  shall  be  to  col-  Duties  of 
lect  in  the  manner  herein  provided,  assort,  systematize,  print  department' 
and  present  to  the  governor,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of 

April,  nineteen  hundred  ten,  and  annually  thereafter,  sta- 
tistical details  relating  to  all  departments  of  labor  in  this 
state,  including  the  penal  institutions  thereof,  particularly 


6 


STATE  OP  MICHIGAN. 


Special  agents. 


Inspections. 


Proviso, 
aggregates  and 
averages. 


Further 
proviso,  state 
departments. 


Examination 
of  witnesses. 


Failure  to 
obey  sub- 
poena. 


Penalty. 


concerning  the  hours  of  labor,  the  number  of  employes  and 
sex  thereof,  the  daily  wages  earned,  and  savings,  the  number 
and  character  of  accidents,  the  condition  of  all  manufactur- 
ing establishments,  hotels,  stores  and  workshops  where  labor 
is  employed,  with  such  other  matter  relating  to  the  indus- 
trial, social,  educational,  moral  and  sanitary  conditions  of 
the  laboring  classes  and  the  productive  industries  of  the 
state,  including  the  names  of  firms,  companies  or  corpora- 
tions, where  located,  the  kind  of  goods  produced  or  manu- 
factured, the  time  operated  each  year,  the  number  of  employes, 
male  or  female,  the  number  engaged  in  clerical  work  and  the 
number  engaged  in  manual  labor,  with  a classification  of  the 
number  of  each  sex  engaged  in  each  occupation  and  the  aver- 
age daily  wages  paid  each.  The  commissioner  of  labor  is 
authorized  to  appoint  special  agents  to  represent  the  depart- 
ment, with  authority  to  visit  firms  and  establishments,  and 
to  collect  such  statistics  and  perform  such  other  duties  as 
may  be  required,  with  like  power  as  is  conferred  on  said 
commissioner.  The  commissioner  of  labor  and  all  appointees 
connected  with  the  department,  when  so  directed  by  said 
commissioner,  shall  have  full  authority  to  visit  and  inspect 
all  manufacturing  establishments,  workshops,  hotels,  stores 
and  all  places  where  labor  is  employed,  at  any  reasonable 
hour,  and  shall  have  authority  to  gather  such  statistics  as 
may  be  deemed  necessary  by  the  commissioner:  Provided, 

That  the  commissioner  of  labor  or  any  one  connected  with 
his  office,  shall  not  publish,  make  public,  nor  give  to  any  in- 
dividual or  to  the  public  the  individual  statistics  obtained 
from  any  manufacturing  establishment,  but  all  such  statis- 
tics may  be  published  in  connection  with  other  similar  sta- 
tistics and  given  to  the  public  in  aggregates  and  averages: 
Provided  further,  That  nothing  in  this  section  shall  be  con- 
strued to  prohibit  other  state  departments  from  taking  trans- 
cripts of  such  individual  statistics  for  statistical  and  classifi- 
cation purposes  only. 

Am.  1913,  Act  39. 

(3)  Sec.  3.  Such  department  or  any  member  thereof 
shall  have  full  power  to  examine  witnesses  on  oath,  compel 
the  attendance  of  witnesses,  the  giving  of  testimony  and  the 
production  of  papers  while  acting  in  any  part  of  this  state, 
and  witnesses  may  be  summoned  by  such  department  or  any 
member  thereof,  by  its  process  in  the  same  manner,  and  paid 
the  same  fees  as  are  allowed  to  witnesses  attending  in  the  cir- 
cuit court  of  any  county.  Any  person  duly  subpoenaed  under 
the  provisions  of  this  section,  who  shall  wilfully  neglect  to 
attend  or  testify  at  the  place  named  in  the  subpoena  served 
for  such  purpose,  shall  be  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and  on 
conviction  before  any  court  of  competent  jurisdiction  may  be 
punished  by  a fine  not  exceeding  fifty  dollars  or  imprison- 
ment in  the  county  jail  not  exceeding  thirty  days,  or  both 


LABOR  LAWS. 


such  fine  and  imprisonment  in  the  discretion  of  the  court: 

Provided,  That  no  witness  shall  be  compelled  to  go  outside  of  Proviso,  coun- 
the  county  in  which  he  or  she  resides  to  testify. 

(4)  Sec.  4.  The  compensation  of  such  commissioner  shall  Compensation 
be  two  thousand  five  hundred  dollars  per  annum,  and  that  sioner,  etc. 
of  his  deputy  eighteen  hundred  dollars  per  annum,  together 

with  all  necessary  expenses,  and  the  compensation  of  factory 
inspectors  shall  not  exceed  one  thousand  dollars  per  annum, 
and  the  assistants  or  special  canvassers  or  clerks  in  any  office 
of  the  department  shall  receive  such  compensation  as  shall  be 
fixed  by  such  commissioner.  All  such  compensation  and  also  How  paid, 
the  expense  provided  for  in  section  one  of  this  act,  shall  be 
audited  and  paid  in  the  same  manner  as  the  salaries  and  ex- 
penses of  other  state  officers : Provided,  That  the  amount 

thereof,  exclusive  of  the  compensation  allowed  to  said  com-  limited, 
missioner  and  his  deputy,  shall  not  in  any  one  year  exceed 
the  sum  of  forty  thousand  dollars,  which  sum  shall  defray 
the  salaries  and  expenses  of  the  entire  department,  including 
factory  inspection,  coal  mine  inspection,  the  gathering  of  all 
statistics,  the  expense  of  the  several  free  employment  bureaus 
of  this  state,  the  inspection  of  public  buildings,  school  build- 
ings, opera  houses  and  theaters,  and  every  department  of  in- 
vestigation coming  within  the  jurisdiction  of  such  depart- 
ment : Provided  further,  That  in  addition  to  the  above  allow-  Further  pro- 
ance  for  expenses  said  commissioner  shall  be  authorized  to  Itc°’  pnnting’ 
have  printed  not  to  exceed  five  thousand  copies  of  his  annual 
report  for  the  use  of  the  department  and  for  general  distribu- 
tion, and  all  printing,  binding,  blanks  or  map  work,  and  all 
supplies  shall  be  done  or  furnished  under  any  contract  which 
the  state  now  has  or  shall  have  for  similar  work  with  any 
party  or  parties,  and  the  expense  thereof  shall  be  audited 
and  paid  in  the  same  manner  as  other  state  printing. 

(5)  Sec.  5.  Said  department  may  collect  the  information  information 
called  for  in  section  two  of  this  act,  or  such  information  as  0 ec 
shall  by  the  commissioner  be  considered  essential  to  perfect 

the  work  of  the  department,  from  the  several  state,  county, 
city,  village  and  township  officers,  and  from  the  officers  of 
prisons,  penal  and  reformatory  institutions,  or  by  means  of 
special  canvassers  under  the  direction  of  the  commissioner,  special  can- 
and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  all  such  officers  to  furnish  upon  the  vassers 
written  or  printed  request  of  the  commissioner  such  informa- 
tion as  shall  be  considered  necessary  for  the  department  upon 
blanks  furnished  by  said  department. 

(6)  Sec.  6.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  several  supervisors  Dutyofsup- 
of  the  townships,  and  the  supervisor  and  assessor  of  the  wards  f^Jjors8’  as" 
of  cities  in  this  state,  at  the  time  of  assessing  the  property 
thereof,  to  obtain  the  facts  and  information  determined  upon 

by  said  department,  as  provided  in  section  five  of  this  act,  in 
accordance  with  the  terms,  conditions  and  requirements  of 
said  blanks,  and  to  return  said  blanks  properly  filled  and 
duly  certified  to  by  such  officer  without  delay  to  the  com- 
missioner of  labor  at  Lansing. 


8 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Access  to 
factory,  etc. 


Misdemeanor, 

penalty. 


False  testi- 
mony a felony. 


Refusal,  a mis- 
demeanor. 


Proviso,  im- 
proper sub- 
jects of 
inquiry. 

Employment 
of  labor, 
hours,  etc. 


Proviso. 


(7)  Sec.  7.  The  commissioner,  his  deputy  and  deputy 
factory  inspectors  are  authorized  to  enter  any  factory,  work- 
shop, hotel,  store  or  other  place  where  labor  is  employed  when 
open  or  in  operation,  for  the  purpose  of  gathering  facts  and 
statistics  relating  to  hours  of  labor,  wages,  industrial,  eco- 
nomic and  sanitary  conditions  or  matters;  and  if  any  em- 
ployer or  his  or  her  agent  or  agents  shall  refuse  to  allow  the 
officers  of  said  department  to  so  enter;  or  shall  refuse  to 
give  such  information  when  requested  by  said  commissioner 
or  deputy  factory  inspector,  then  such  employer  or  his  or  her 
agent  or  agents  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and 
upon  conviction  thereof  before  any  court  of  competent  juris- 
diction shall  be  punished  by  a fine  not  to  exceed  one  hundred 
dollars  or  by  imprisonment  for  not  more  than  ninety  days  or 
both  such  fine  and  imprisonment  in  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

Am.  1913,  Act  161. 

(8)  Sec.  8.  Any  person  who  shall  wilfully  and  inten- 
tionally testify  falsely  before  said  commissioner  or  any  au- 
thorized deputy  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a felony,  and  on 
conviction  thereof  shall  be  punished  by  imprisonment  in  the 
state  prison  for  a period  not  exceeding  five  years,  and  any 
person  who  shall  refuse  to  testify  before  said  commissioner 
or  before  any  deputy  thereof  shall  on  conviction  thereof  be 
deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and  shall  be  punished  by  a 
fine  not  exceeding  one  hundred  dollars  or  imprisonment  not 
exceeding  sixty  days  or  both  in  the  discretion  of  the  court: 
Provided,  That  no  person  or  corporation  shall  be  required  to 
answer  any  question  that  shall  be  an  improper  subject  of 
inquiry  or  foreign  to  the  object  of  this  act. 

(9)  Sec.  9.  No  male  under  the  age  of  eighteen  years, 
and  no  female  shall  be  employed  in  any  factory,  mill,  ware- 
house, workshop,  clothing,  dressmaking  or  millinery  establish- 
ment, or  any  place  where  the  manufacture  of  any  kinds  of 
goods  is  carried  on,  or  where  any  goods  are  prepared  for 
manufacturing,  or  in  any  laundry,  store,  shop,  or  any  other 
mercantile  establishment  for  a period  longer  than  an  average 
of  nine  hours  a day  or  fifty-four  hours  in  any  week,  nor  more 
than  ten  hours  in  any  one  day;  and  all  such  establishments 
shall  keep  posted  a copy  of  this  section  printed  in  large  type, 
in  a conspicuous  place;  in  establishments  having  a time  clock 
such  copy  shall  be  posted  near  the  time  clock.  Copies  of 
this  section  suitable  for  posting  shall  be  furnished  upon  the 
application  of  any  employer  by  the  commissioner  of  labor: 
Provided,  however,  That  the  provisions  of  this  section  in  re- 
lation to  the  hours  of  employment  shall  not  apply  to  nor 
affect  any  person  engaged  in  preserving  perishable  goods  in 
fruit  and  vegetable  canning  establishments.  No  female 
under  the  age  of  eighteen  years  shall  be  employed  in  any 
manufacturing  establishment  between  the  hours  of  six  o’clock 
p.  m.  and  six  o’clock  a.  m.  No  child  under  the  age  of  sixteen 
years  shall  be  employed  in  any  manufacturing  establishment 


LABOR  LAWS. 


or  workshop,  mine  or  messenger  service  in  this  state  between 
the  hours  of  six  o’clock  p.  m.  and  six  o’clock  a.  m.  No 
child  under  the  age  of  eighteen  years  shall  be  employed  be- 
tween the  hours  of  ten  o’clock  p.  m.  and  five  o’clock  a.  m.  in 
the  transmission,  distribution  or  delivery  of  messages  or 
merchandise. 

Am.  1911,  Act  220. 

This  and  the  next  two  sections  are  deemed  to  supersede  C.  L.  1897,  §§ 

5365-5372. 

The  provision  limiting  the  employment  of  females  to  54  hours  per  week  is 
a valid  exercise  of  the  police  power,  not  violating  the  fourteenth  amendment 
of  the  federal  constitution  by  restricting  the  right  to  contract ; neither  is  it 
class  legislation  in  that  it  excepts  women  employed  in  factories  where 
perishable  products  are  preserved. — Withey  v.  Bloem,  163  / 419. 

(10)  Sec.  10.  No  child  under  the  age  of  twenty-one  years  Children, 
shall  be  employed,  permitted  or  suffered  to  work  in  any  ®^ployment 
theater,  concert  hall,  or  place  of  amusement  where  intoxi- 
cating liquors  are  sold.  No  child  under  fourteen  years  of  age 
shall  be  employed,  permitted  or  suffered  to  work  in  or  in  con- 
nection with  any  mercantile  institution,  store,  office,  hotel, 
laundry,  manufacturing  establishment,  mine,  bowling  alley, 
theater,  passenger  or  freight  elevator,  factory  or  workshop, 
telegraph  or  messenger  sendee  within  this  state.  It  shall  be  Duty  of  ^ 
the  duty  of  every  mercantile  institution,  store,  office,  hotel,  empoyer- 
laundry,  manufacturing  establishment,  mine,  bowling  alley, 
theater,  workshop,  telegraph  or  messenger  service  or  any  per- 
son coming  within  the  provisions  of  this  act  to  keep  a regis- 
ter in  which  will  be  recorded  the  name,  birthplace,  age  and 
place  of  residence  of  every  person  employed  under  the  age  of 
sixteen  years,  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  such  establish- 
ment or  person  to  hire  or  employ,  or  permit  to  be  hired  or 
employed  or  suffered  to  work,  any  child  under  the  nge  of  six- 
teen years  without  there  is  first  provided  and  placed  on  file 
in  the  business  office  thereof  a permit  issued  by  the  superin-  permit  issued 
tendent  of  schools  of  the  school  district  in  which  such  child  s&ooFs.1  °f 
resides,  or  someone  duly  authorized  by  him  in  writing,  or, 
where  there  is  no  superintendent  of  schools,  by  the  county 
commissioner  of  schools,  or  someone  duly  authorized  by  him 
in  writing,  any  of  whom  shall  have  power  to  administer  oaths 
in  relation  thereto  or  by  the  judge  of  probate  of  the  county 
wherein  such  child  resides.  Such  permit  shall  be  returned  to 
the  child  upon  leaving  such  employ;  every  limited  vacation 
permit,  hereinafter  to  be  described,  shall,  upon  its  expiration, 
be  void  and  of  no  effect.  The  said  register  nnd  permit  shall 
be  produced  for  inspection  on  demand  of  any  factory’  inspector 
appointed  under  this  act;  no  fee  shall  be  charged  for  such 
permit  by  any  officer  by  whom  it  shall  be  issued.  Every  em- 
ployer complying  with  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be 
at  liberty  to  employ  the  person  so  presenting  the  permit  here- 
inbefore referred  to,  and  is  justified  in  considering  and  treat- 
ing such  person  as  of  the  age  shown  in  such  permit  and  shall 
not  be  liable,  if  it  transpire  that  such  person  is  under  the  age 
represented  in  such  permit,  to  any  greater  extent  than  such 
employer  would  be  liable  if  such  person  were  of  the  age  rep- 


10 


• STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


When  not  to 
issue  permit. 


School  report. 
Proviso. 


Record  of 
birth. 


Statement  of 
physician. 


Examination. 


School  record, 
what  to  con- 
tain, etc. 


resented.  The  person  authorized  and  required  to  issue  such 
permit  shall  not  issue  the  same  until  he  has  received,  ex- 
amined, approved  and  filed  the  following  papers,  duly  exe- 
cuted : 

(a)  The  school  report  of  said  child  properly  filled  out  and 

signed  as  hereinafter  provided : Provided,  however,  That 

when  such  permit  is  issued  during  the  summer  vacation  no 
such  record  shall  be  required,  but  all  such  permits,  called  in 
this  act  limited  vacation  permits,  shall  expire  upon  the  first 
Monday  in  September,  commonly  called  Labor  day,  shall  con- 
tain a conspicuous  statement  of  the  time  at  which  they  shall 
expire  and  shall  be  of  a special  color  distinct  from  regular 
permits ; 

(b)  A passport,  or  duly  attested  transcript  of  the  record 
of  birth,  as  kept  by  any  duly  authorized  public  authority,  or 
a record  of  baptism  or  other  religious  record,  showing  the 
date  and  place  of  birth  of  such  child; 

(c)  A statement  from  a physician  connected  officially 
with  the  board  or  department  of  health,  which  shall  be  re- 
quired, however,  only  in  case  the  above  mentioned  official  or 
religious  record  cannot  be  produced,  which  statement  shall 
certify  that,  in  the  opinion  of  the  physician  issuing  said  state- 
ment, the  child  is  fourteen  years  of  age  or  upwards,  is  in 
sound  health  and  physically  able  to  perform  the  work  which 
it  intends  to  do.  Such  statement  shall  also  certify  to  the  cor- 
rect weight  and  height  of  said  child,  and  shall  be  kept  on  file 
by  the  person  issuing  working  permits;  such  person  may,  in 
his  discretion,  require  also  an  affidavit  from  the  parents  or 
other  evidence,  as  additional  proof  of  age; 

(d)  A statement  by  the  issuing  officer  that  he  has  exam- 
ined said  child,  that  in  his  opinion  the  child  can  read  intelli- 
gently and  write  legibly  simple  sentences  in  the  English  lan- 
guage, that  in  his  opinion  the  child  is  fourteen  years  of  age 
or  upwards,  and  has  reached  the  normal  development  of  a 
child  of  its  age  and  is  in  sound  health  and  physically  able  to 
perform  the  work  which  it  intends  to  do,  and  that  in  his  opin- 
ion the  sendees  of  the  child  are  essential  to  the  support  of 
itself  or  its  parents.  In  doubtful  cases,  such  physical  fitness 
shall  be  determined  by  a medical  officer  of  the  board  or  de- 
partment of  health.  Every  such  permit  shall  be  signed  in  the 
presence  of  the  officer  issuing  the  same  by  the  child  in  whose 
name  it  is  issued ; and  shall  state  the  date  and  place  of  birth 
of  the  child,  and  describe  the  color  of  the  hair  and  eyes,  the 
height  and  weight  and  any  distinguishing  facial  marks  of 
such  child,  and  that  the  paper  required  by  the  preceding  sec- 
tions have  been  duly  examined,  approved  and  filed,  and  that 
the  child  named  in  such  permit  has  appeared  before  the  officer 
signing  the  same  and  been  examined.  The  school  record  re- 
quired by  this  article  shall  be  signed  by  the  principal  or 
chief  executive  officer  of  the  school  which  such  child  has  at- 
tended and  shall  be  furnished  on  demand  to  a child  entitled 
thereto.  It  shall  contain  a statement  certifying  that  the  child 


LABOR  LAWS. 


11 


has  regularly  attended  the  public  schools  or  schools  equiva- 
lent thereto  or  parochial  schools  for  not  less  than  one  hun- 
dred days  during  the  school  year  previous  to  his  arriving  at 
the  age  of  fourteen  years  or  during  the  year  previous  to  ap- 
plying for  such  school  record,  and  is  able  to  read  intelligently 
and  write  legibly  simple  sentences  in  the  English  language, 
and  in  the  case  of  the  public  schools,  has  passed  satisfactorily 
the  work  of  the  school  up  to  and  including  the  work  of  the 
fourth  grade;  in  case  of  schools  other  than  public  schools  the 
record  shall  contain,  instead  of  a statement  of  the  grade 
passed,  a statement  that  the  child  has  received  during  the 
above  mentioned  period  of  a hundred  days  instructions  in 
reading,  writing,  spelling,  English  grammar  and  geography, 
and  is  familiar  with  the  fundamental  operations  of  arith- 
metic up  to  and  including  elementary  operations  in  fractions. 

Such  school  board  shall  also  give  the  age  and  residence  of 
the  child  as  shown  on  the  records  of  the  school  and  the  name 
of  its  parents  or  guardian  or  custodian : Provided,  That  in  Proviso, 

the  case  of  limited  vacation  permits  the  school  record  and  all 
other  requirements  relating  to  educational  qualifications  shall 
be  waived,  but  all  other  requirements  shall  be  complied  with 
as  prescribed  in  this  section.  Every  month  after  the  issuance  Child  to 
of  a permit  the  child  shall  report  to  the  person  who  issued  report‘ 
same,  either  in  person  or  in  writing  through  its  parent  or 
guardian,  stating  that  the  child  is  employed,  giving  the  name 
of  employer  and  the  location  of  the  place  of  employment,  and 
if  not  employed  said  child  shall  be  compelled  to  attend 
school ; 

(e)  Any  person  who  shall  make  a false  statement,  tran-  False  state- 
SCript,  passport,  school  certificate,  certificate  of  physical  fit-  ments*  etc 
ness,  school  record  or  any  other  writing  required  to  be  made 
or  filed  by  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be  deemed 
guilty  of  a misdemeanor  and  shall  be  punished  by  a fine  of 
not  less  than  ten  nor  more  than  one  hundred  dollars  or  im- 
prisonment for  not  less  than  ten  days  nor  more  than  ninety 
days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment  in  the  discretion 
of  the  court. 

Am.  Id. 

Act  113  of  1901,  prohibiting  the  employment  of  anyone  under  16  years  of 
age  at  work  dangerous  to  life  or  limb,  was  not  intended  to  prevent  the 
hiring  of  such  a minor  as  a common  laborer. — Antosik  v.  Mich.  Alkali  Co.. 

166  / 415. 

LIABILITY  OF  EMPLOYER  : The  employment  of  a child  under  16  years 

of  age  to  operate  a machine  dangerous  to  life  or  limb  (Act  113  of  1901,  § 3) 
constituted  actionable  negligence. — Sterling  v.  Union  Carbide  Co..  142/284: 

Beghold  v.  Auto  Body  Co.,  149  / 14.  Whether  the  employment  of  such  a 
person  to  run  an  electric  freight  elevator  was  within  that  prohibition  was  a 
question  for  the  jury. — Braasch  v.  Mich.  Stove  Co.,  147  / 676.  The  employer 
of  a child  under  16.  without  the  sworn  statement  of  the  parent  or  guardian 
(Act  113  of  1901  ; Am.  Act  171  of  1905)  was  not  relieved  of  liability  by  the 
statement  of  the  child  that  he  was  over  16. — Syneszewski  v.  Schmidt,  153  / 

438 ; Braasch  v.  Mich.  Stove  Co.,  153  / 652.  Nor  by  a similar  statement  of 
the  child’s  elder  brother. — Beghold  v.  Auto  Body  Co.,  149  / 14.  Though  this 
act  docs  not  expressly  give  a right  of  action  to  persons  injured  by  its  viola- 
tion, yet  a child,  injured  while  unlawfully  employed,  may  maintain  an  action 
for  damages,  unless  precluded  by  some  act  of  his  own. — Syneszewski  v. 

Schmidt,  153/438.  Where  the  employment  of  a child  in  violation  of  the 
statute  is  relied  upon  as  negligence,  the  declaration  must  aver  facts  from 
which  a prohibited  employment  appears. — Van  Wyck  v.  Dickinson,  148  / 418. 

NEGLIGENCE  OF  INFANT : An  infant  of  14  years  held  not  guilty  of 


12 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


negligence  per  se. — Lund  v.  Sargent  Mfg.  Co.,  158/3.  Contributory  negli- 
gence of  a child  employed  in  a factory  in  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this 
section  held  to  bar  recovery. — Woods  v.  Kalamazoo  Paper  Box  Co.,  167  / 514  ; 
Beghold  v.  Auto  Body  Co.,  149  / 14. 

ASSUMPTION  OF  RISK  : A servant  does  not  assume  the  risk  due  to  an 

omission  by  the  master  of  a statutory  dutv  imposed  for  the  protection  of  the 
servant. — Murphy  v.  Grand  Rapids  Veneer  Works,  142  / 677  ; Swick  v.  Aetna 
Portland  Cement  Co.,  147/454:  Trombley  v.  McAfee,  152  /494:  Little  v. 
Bousfield  & Co.,  154/369:  Van  Doom  v.  Heap,  160/199:  Johnson  v.  Union 
Carbide  Co.,  169/651.  The  doctrine  of  assumed  risk,  being  predicated  on 
contractual  relations,  is  not  binding  upon  a child  employed  in  violation  of 
the  statute. — Dalm  v.  Bryant  Paper  Co.,  157/550.  Nor  can  the  risk  of  in- 
jury by  the  negligence  of  fellow-servants  be  assumed  by  a child  under  14 
unlawfully  employed. — Syneszewski  v.  Schmidt,  153  / 438 : Dalm  v.  Bryant 
Paper  Co.,  157  / 550.  Relation  of  the  defenses  of  assumed  risk  and  contribu- 
tory negligence. — Swick  v.  Aetna  Portland  Cement  Co.,  147  / 454.  The  con- 
tributory negligence  of  plaintiff  may  be  a defense  to  an  action  against  an 
employer  for  personal  injuries,  notwithstanding  a violation  on  his  part  of  a 
statutory  duty  which  deprives  him  of  the  defense  of  assumption  of  risk. — 
Trombley  v.  McAfee,  152  / 494  ; Gehl  v.  Pittsburg  Coal  Co.,  163  / 285. 


Certain  work 
not  allowed. 


Proviso. 


Age 

certificates. 


Record  of 
birth. 


Physician, 
statement  of. 


(11)  Sec.  11.  No  female  under  the  age  of  twenty-one 
years  and  no  male  under  the  age  of  eighteen  years  shall  he  al- 
lowed to  clean  machinery  while  in  motion  nor  employed  in 
or  about  any  distillery,  brewery,  or  any  other  establishment 
where  malt  or  alcoholic  liquors  are  manufactured,  packed, 
wrapped  or  bottled,  nor  in  any  hazardous  employment,  or 
where  their  health  may  be  injured  or  morals  depraved,  nor 
shall  females  be  unnecessarily  required  in  any  employment 
to  remain  standing  constantly.  No  child  under  the  age  of 
sixteen  years  shall  be  employed  in  or  about  any  theater, 
variety  show,  moving  picture  show,  burlesque  show,  or  other 
kind  of  playhouse,  music  or  dance  hall,  pool  room  or  billiard 
room:  Provided,  That  in  all  cities  in  which  the  department 
of  labor  maintains  a permanent  office,  the  official  in  charge 
thereof  shall  be  authorized  and  required,  under  the  direction 
of  the  commissioner  of  labor,  and  in  other  cities  or  municipal- 
ities the  superintendent  of  schools  shall  likewise  be  authorized 
and  required  to  issue,  upon  demand,  certificates  of  age  to 
young  persons  past  the  age  of  sixteen  years,  in  accord  with 
the  following  conditions,  to-wit:  The  official  authorized  to 

issue  such  certificate  shall  not  issue  the  same  until  he  has  re- 
ceived, examined,  approved  and  filed  the  following  papers, 
duly  executed : 

(a)  A passport,  or  duly  attested  transcript  of  the  record 
of  birth,  as  kept  by  any  recognized  public  authority  or  a rec- 
ord of  baptism  or  other  religious  record,  showing  the  date  and 
place  of  birth  of  such  young  person ; 

(b)  A statement  from  a physician  connected  officially 
with  the  board  or  department  of  health,  which  shall  be  re- 
quired, however,  only  in  case  the  above  mentioned  official  or 
religious  record  can  not  be  produced,  which  statement  shall 
certify  that,  in  the  opinion  of  the  physician  issuing  said 
statement,  the  young  person  is  of  the  age  stated  therein.  Such 
statement  shall  also  certify  to  the  correct  weight  and  height 
of  said  young  person,  and  shall  be  kept  on  file  by  the  official 
issuing  certificates  of  age ; such  official  may,  in  his  discretion, 
require  also  an  affidavit  from  the  parent  of  the  young  person 
concerned,  or  other  evidence,  as  additional  proof  of  age; 


LABOR  LAWS. 


13 


(c)  A statement  by  the  issuing  officer  that  he  has  exam- 
ined said  young  person,  and  that  in  his  opinion  the  young 
person  is  of  the  age  stated  in  said  certificate  of  age.  Every 
such  certificate  shall  be  signed,  in  the  presence  of  the  officer 
issuing  the  same,  by  the  young  person  in  whose  name  it  is 
issued,  and  shall  state  the  date  and  place  of  birth  of  said 
person,  and  describe  the  color  of  the  hair  and  eyes,  the  height 
and  weight,  and  any  distinguishing  facial  marks  of  such  per- 
son, and  that  the  papers  required  by  the  preceding  section 
have  been  duly  received,  examined,  approved  and  filed,  and 
that  the  young  person  named  in  such  certificate  has  appeared 
before  the  officer  and  been  examined.  Every  employer  com- 
plying with  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be  at  liberty 
to  employ  the  person  so  presenting  the  certificate  hereinbe- 
fore referred  to,  and  is  justified  in  considering  and  treating 
such  person  as  of  the  age  shown  in  such  certificate  and  shall 
not  be  liable,  if  it  transpire  that  such  person  is  under  the  age 
represented  in  such  certificate,  to  any  greater  extent  than 
such  employer  would  be  liable  if  such  person  were  of  the  age 
represented ; 

(d)  This  act  shall  not  be  construed  so  as  to  prevent  chil- 
dren under  sixteen  years  of  age  from  being  employed  by 
traveling  theatrical  companies  whose  employment  consists 
of  acting  a part  in  the  productions  of  such  company. 

Am.  Id. 

Tabinski  v.  A.  Harvey’s  Sons  Mfg.  Co.,  168  / 392. 

(12)  Sec.  12.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner,  agent  or 
lessee  of  any  manufacturing  establishment  where  hoisting 
shafts  or  well-holes  are  used,  to  cause  the  same  to  be  properly 
enclosed  and  secured.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner, 
agent  or  lessee  to  provide  or  cause  to  be  provided  at  all  eleva- 
tor openings  in  any  manufacturing  establishment,  workshop, 
hotel  or  store,  proper  trap  or  automatic  doors  or  automatic 
gates  so  constructed  as  to  open  and  close  by  the  action  of 
elevators  either  ascending  or  descending.  The  deputy  factory 
inspector  shall  inspect  the  cables,  gearing  or  other  apparatus 
of  elevators  in  manufacturing  establishments,  workshops, 
hotels  and  stores  at  least  once  in  each  year,  and  more  fre- 
quently if  necessary,  and  require  that  the  same  be  kept  in 
a safe  condition,  and  shall  have  power  to  condemn  any  ele- 
vator if  in  his  opinion  the  same  be  unsafe,  and  stop  the  opera- 
tion of  such  elevator  until  the  same  be  put  in  a safe  condi- 
tion. 

Provisions  of  Act  113,  of  1901,  § 5,  requiring  hoisting  shafts  and  well-holes 
to  be  properly  enclosed  and  secured  imposes  a duty  to  protect  employes  and  not 
merely  a duty  to  prevent  people  from  accidentally  falling  down  an  elevator 
shaft  from  the  outside. — Murphy  v.  Grand  Rapids  Veneer  Works,  142  / 677. 
No  power  is  given  to  a factory  inspector  to  order  the  construction  of  an 
elevator. — Barfoot  v.  White  Star  Line.  170  / 349,  359.  Construction  of  ele- 
vators in  buildings  discussed. — Id.  360.  Liability  of  owner  or  lessor  of  a 
building,  part  of  which  is  used  for  manufacturing  purposes  by  the  tenant, 
for  failure  to  install  automatic  gates. — Barfoot  v.  White  Star  Line,  170  / 349. 
Design  of  such  gates. — Id.  Provision  of  the  act  of  1901,  requiring  automatic 
gates,  held  not  applicable  in  a certain  case. — Delbusso  v.  American  Cement 
Plaster  Co.,  165/318. 


Certificate, 
what  to  state, 
etc. 


Theatrical 

children. 


Hoisting 
shafts,  well- 
holes. 


Elevator 

openings. 


Inspection  of 
cables,  gear- 
ing, etc. 


14 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Factory 
inspectors, 
power  to 
condemn. 


Doors  to  open 
outward. 


Penalty. 


Hand  rails, 
etc. 


Screens,  where 
females  em- 
ployed. 


(13)  Sec.  13.  Factory  inspectors  shall  have  power  to 
condemn  all  school  houses  if  in  their  opinion  they  are  unsafe 
and  liable  to  collapse  and  cause  the  lives  of  children  to  be  en- 
dangered; also  factory  inspectors  shall  have  power  to  order 
fire  escapes  on  all  manufacturing  establishments,  hotels, 
stores,  theaters,  schools,  halls,  public  and  office  buildings  two 
or  more  stories  in  height,  and  apartment  houses  three  or 
more  stories  in  height,  if  in  the  opinion  of  the  factory  inspec- 
tor it  be  necessary  to  insure  the  safety  of  persons  in  such 
places ; said  fire  escape  or  means  of  egress,  or  as  many  thereof 
as  may  be  deemed  sufficient  by  the  inspector,  shall  be  pro- 
vided, and  where  it  is  necessary  to  provide  fire  escapes  on  the 
outside  of  such  building  they  shall  consist  of  landings  and 
balconies  at  each  floor  above  the  first,  to  be  built  according  to 
specifications  provided  by  the  factory  inspector.  All  doors 
in  school  houses  and  the  doors  of  the  capitol  building  and  all 
state  institutions  shall  open  outward.  Factory  inspectors 
shall  in  writing  notify  the  owner,  agent  or  lessee  of  such 
manufacturing  establishments,  hotels,  stores,  theaters, 
schools,  halls,  apartment  houses  and  public  and  office  build- 
ings of  the  required  location  and  specifications  of  such 
escapes  as  may  be  ordered  and  as  to  all  failures  to  comply 
with  the  provisions  of  this  act.  Any  person,  firm  or  corpo- 
ration, or  any  member  of  any  school  board,  who  shall  violate 
or  cause  to  be  violated  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  section, 
or  shall  fail  or  refuse  to  erect  or  cause  to  be  erected  any  fire 
escape  ordered  by  any  factory  inspector,  under  authority  of 
this  section,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and 
upon  conviction  shall  be  fined  not  less  than  one  hundred  dol- 
lars nor  more  than  one  thousand  dollars,  or  imprisoned  for 
not  less  than  three  months  nor  more  than  one  year,  or  by 
both  such  fine  and  imprisonment  in  the  discretion  of  the 
court. 

Am.  1011,  Act  251. 

(14)  Sec.  14.  Stairways  with  substantial  hand  rails  shall 
be  provided  in  manufacturing  establishments,  and  where  in 
the  opinion  of  the  factory  inspector  it  be  necessary,  the  steps 
of  such  stairs  in  all  such  establishments  shall  be  substanti- 
ally covered  with  rubber  securely  fastened  thereon,  for  the 
better  safety  of  persons  employed  in  said  establishments. 
The  stairs  shall  be  properly  screened  at  sides  and  bottom 
where  females  are  employed,  and  the  outside  doors  of  such 
establishment  shall  swing  outwardly,  and  no  doors  shall  be 
locked,  bolted  or  fastened  during  working  hours. 

Am.  1913,  Act  160. 

A ladder  is  not  a stairway ; the  two  distinguished. — Davis  v.  Buss  Ma- 
chine Works,  169  / 498.  At  common  law  a night  watchman  would  assume  the 
risk  of  using  a ladder  or  stairway  with  no  concealed  defects,  etc.,  con- 
structed without  a handrail ; but  plaintiff  did  not  assume  the  risk  of  his  em- 
ployer’s failure  to  comply  with  this  statute. — Id. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


15 


(15)  Sec.  15.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner  of  any  Shifters,  etc. 
factory,  storehouse  or  warehouse,  or  his  agent,  superintend- 
ent or  other  person  in  charge  of  the  same,  to  furnish  or 
supply,  or  cause  to  be  furnished  or  supplied,  in  the  discretion 

of  the  factory  inspector,  where  machinery  is  in  use,  proper 
shifters  or  other  mechanical  contrivances  for  the  purpose  of 
throwing  belts  on  or  off  pulleys.  All  gearing  or  belting  shall  Loose  pulleys, 
be  provided  with  proper  safe  guards,  and  whenever  possible 
machinery  shall  be  provided  with  loose  pulleys.  All  vats,  vats,  saws, 
saws,  pans,  planers,  cogs,  set-screws,  gearing  and  machinery  etc- 
of  every  description  shall  be  properly  guarded  when  deemed 
necessary  by  the  factory  inspector. 

Duty  of  employer  under  C.  L.  1897,  § 5349,  to  safeguard  gearing  and  belt- 
ing, irrespective  of  any  order  by  the  factory  inspector. — Swick  v.  Aetna  Port- 
land Cement  Co.,  147  / 454.  The  legislature  did  not  intend  by  this  act  to 
constitute  the  factory  inspector  sole  judge  as  to  what  employment  is  danger- 
ous to  the  life  and  limb  of  a male  under  18  years  of  age. — Tabinski  v.  A. 

Harvey’s  Sons  Mfg.  Co.,  168  / 392.  Gearing  defined  and  held  dangerous. — Id. 

Introduction  of  testimony  to  prove  that  no  guard  was  used  held  fatal  variance 
from  a declaration  alleging  the  use  of  a defective  guard. — Scherer  v.  Otis 
Elevator  Co.,  167/1. 

(16)  Sec.  16.  Exhaust  fans  shall  be  provided  for  the  pur-  Exhaust  fans, 
pose  of  carrying  off  dust  from  emery  wheels  and  grindstones 

and  dust-creating  machinery,  wherever  deemed  necessary  by 
the  factory  inspector. 

Act  136  of  1887  (C.  L.  1897,  §§  5547-5549)  requiring  blowers  in  establish- 
ments where  emery  wheels  or  belts  are  used  was  held  constitutional. — People 
v.  Smith,  108/527. 

(17)  Sec.  17.  Every  manufacturing  establishment,  work- wash  and 
shop,  hotel  or  store  in  which  five  or  more  persons  are  em-  ?oJSs?gciosets. 
ployed,  and  every  institution  in  which  two  or  more  children, 

young  persons  or  women  are  employed,  shall  be  supplied  with 
proper  wash  and  dressing  rooms,  and  kept  in  a cleanly  state 
and  free  from  effluvia  arising  from  any  drain,  privy  or  other 
nuisance,  and  shall  be  provided  within  reasonable  access 
with  a sufficient  number  of  proper  water  closets,  earth 
closets  or  privies  for  the  reasonable  use  of  persons  employed 
therein,  at  least  one  of  such  closets  for  each  twenty-five  per- 
sons employed;  and  wherever  two  or  more  persons  and  one 
or  more  female  persons  are  employed  as  aforesaid,  a suffi- 
cient number  of  separate  and  distinct  water  closets,  earth 
closets  or  privies  shall  be  provided  for  the  use  of  each  sex, 
and  plainly  so  designated,  and  no  person  shall  be  allowed 
to  use  any  such  closet  or  privy  assigned  to  persons  of  the 
other  sex.  In  all  hotels  where  sleeping  rooms  are  provided 
for  female  help  such  rooms  shall  have  proper  heat  and  venti- 
lation. 

(18)  Sec.  18.  The  commissioner  of  labor  shall  be  the  Factory  in- 
chief factory  inspector  and  the  deputy  commissioner  of  labor  deemed.’  wh° 
and  deputy  factory  inspectors  shall  be  factory  inspectors  in 

the  meaning  of  this  act.  At  least  two  of  such  deputy  factory 
inspectors  shall  be  women.  Said  factory  inspectors  are  Powers  and 


16 


.STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Deputies. 


Reports. 


Copies  of, 
served  on  sup- 
erintendents, 
etc. 


Evidence  of 
service. 


Deputies  may 

administer 

oaths. 


Annual  inspec- 
tion of  factor- 
ies, etc. 


Services,  etc., 
how  paid. 


hereby  empowered  to  visit  and  inspect  at  all  reasonable 
hours,  as  often  as  practicable  or  required,  the  factories, 
workshops  and  other  manufacturing  establishments  in  this 
state  where  the  manufacture  of  goods  is  carried  on,  and  all 
hotels  where  any  person  or  persons  are  employed,  also  all 
stores  in  this  state.  Deputy  factory  inspectors  shall  report 
to  the  commissioner  of  labor  at  such  time  and  manner  as 
he  may  require.  It  shall  also  be  the  duty  of  the  factory  in- 
spectors to  enforce  all  the  provisions  of  this  act  and  to  prose- 
cute all  violations  of  the  same  before  a magistrate  or  in  a 
court  of  competent  jurisdiction  in  this  state. 

(19)  Sec.  19.  Deputy  factory  inspectors  shall  return  to 
the  commissioner  of  labor,  as  he  may  require,  detailed  reports 
of  the  results  of  all  inspections,  together  with  statistics  gath- 
ered, and  said  commissioner  shall  keep  on  file  in  his  office  at 
Lansing  a record  of  all  reports  so  returned.  A copy  of  the 
report  on  such  inspection  and  of  any  order  in  reference 
thereto  shall  be  served  by  the  factory  inspector  on  the  super- 
intendent, owner  or  manager  of  each  building,  establishment 
or  workshop  inspected.  Service  of  such  order  shall  be  ac- 
cepted and  a duplicate  thereof  signed  by  such  superintend- 
ent, owner  or  manager.  If  the  superintendent,  owner  or 
manager  of  whom  such  signature  is  demanded  shall  refuse  to 
so  sign  such  acceptance  of  service,  an  affidavit  by  the  inspec- 
tor showing  the  facts  ,of  such  service,  demand  of  signature 
and  refusal  shall  be  sufficient  evidence  of  service  when  duly 
filed;  but  such  superintendent,  owner  or  manager  shall  not 
thereby  be  released  from  any  criminal  liability  attending  his 
refusal  under  this  act.  Deputy  factory  inspectors  and  special 
canvassers  shall  have  the  same  power  to  administer  oaths  as 
is  now  given  to  notaries  public,  in  cases  where  persons  de- 
sire to  verify  documents  connected  with  the  proper  enforce- 
ment of  this  act. 

The  liability  of  a master  for  injury  to  a servant  by  reason  of  failure  to 
guard  dangerous  machinery,  under  the  provisions  of  Act  113,  of  1901,  de- 
pends upon  the  fact  of  the  order  having  been  made  by  the  factory  inspector 
and  brought  to  the  notice  of  the  master. — Kerr  v.  Nat’l  Fulton  Brass  Mfg. 
Co.,  155/191. 

(20)  Sec.  20.  For  the  purpose  of  carrying  out  the  provi- 
sions of  this  act,  the  commissioner  of  labor  is  hereby  author- 
ized and  required  to  cause  at  least  an  annual  inspection  of  all 
manufacturing  establishments,  factories,  hotels,  workshops 
and  stores.  Such  inspection  may  be  made  by  the  commis- 
sioner of  labor,  the  deputy  commissioner  of  labor,  deputy 
factory  inspectors,  or  such  other  person  as  may  be  appointed 
by  the  commissioner  of  labor  for  the  purpose  of  making 
such  inspection.  Such  persons  shall  be  under  the  control 
and  direction  of  the  commissioner  of  labor.  All  compensa- 
tion for  services  and  expenses  provided  for  in  this  act  shall 
be  paid  by  the  state  treasurer  upon  the  warrant  of  the 


LABOR  LAWS. 


17 


auditor  general  and  audited  by  the  auditor  general : Pro-  Proviso,  year- 

vided,  That  the  commissioner  of  labor  shall  present  to  the  ly  report‘ 
governor  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  April  of  each  year, 
a report  of  such  inspection,  with  such  recommendations  as 
may  in  his  judgment  be  necessary. 

(21)  Sec.  21.  The  prosecuting  attorney  of  any  county  of  Compiamte  of 
this  state  is  hereby  authorized  and  shall,  upon  the  complaint  violation. 

on  oath  of  the  commissioner  of  labor  or  any  factory  inspec- 
tor, or  of  any  citizen  of  the  United  States,  if  approved  by  any 
factory  inspector,  prosecute  to  termination  before  any  court 
of  competent  jurisdiction,  in  the  name  of  the  people  of  the 
state,  actions  or  proceedings  against  any  person  or  persons 
reported  to  him  to  have  violated  any  of  the'provisions  of  this 
act. 

Am.  1911,  Act  123. 

(22)  Sec.  22.  No  room  or  apartment  in  any  tenement  or  Tenement  or 
dwelling  house  shall  be  used  for  the  manufacture  of  coats,  S?ofng’ 
vests,  trousers,  knee  pants,  overalls,  skirts,  dresses,  cloaks, 

hats,  caps,  suspenders,  jerseys,  blouses,  waists,  waist-bands, 
underwear,  neckwear,  furs,  fur  trimming,  fur  garments, 
shirts,  hosiery,  purses,  feathers,  artificial  flowers,  cigarettes 
or  cigars,  and  no  person,  firm  or  corporation  shall  hire  or 
employ  any  persons  to  work  in  any  room,  apartment  or  in  any 
building  or  parts  of  buildings,  at  making  in  whole  or  in  part 
any  of  the  articles  mentioned  in  this  section,  without  first  ob- 
taining a written  permit  from  the  factory  inspector  or  one  when 

of  his  deputies,  stating  the  maximum  number  of  persons  al-  8 
lowed  to  be  employed  therein  and  that  the  building  or  part 
of  building  intended  to  be  used  for  such  work  or  business  is 
thoroughly  cleaned,  sanitary  and  fit  for  occupancy  for  such 
work  or  business.  Such  permit  shall  not  be  granted  until  an 
inspection  of  such  premises  is  made  by  the  factory  inspector 
or  one  of  his  deputies.  Said  permit  may  be  revoked  by  the 
factory  inspector  at  any  time  the  health  of  the  community  or 
of  those  so  employed  may  require  it.  It  shall  be  framed  and  To  be  P°sted- 
posted  in  a conspicuous  place  in  the  room,  or  in  one  of  the 
rooms  to  which  it  relates.  Every  person,  firm,  company  or  when  pro- 
corporation  contracting  for  the  manufacture  of  any  of  the  duced- 
articles  mentioned  in  this  section,  or  giving  out  the  incom- 
plete material  from  which  they  or  any  of  them  are  to  be 
made,  or  to  be  wholly  or  partially  finished,  shall,  before  con- 
tracting for  the  manufacture  of  any  of  said  articles,  or  giv- 
ing out  said  material  from  which  they  or  any  of  them  are  to 
be  made,  require  the  production  by  such  contractor,  person 
or  persons  of  said  permit  from  the  factory  inspector,  as  re- 
quired in  this  section,  and  shall  keep  a written  register  of 
the  names  and  addresses  of  all  persons  to  whom  such  work 
is  given  to  be  made,  or  with  whom  they  may  have  contracted 
to  do  the  same.  Such  register  shall  be  produced  for  inspec-  Register, 
tion  and  a copy  thereof  shall  be  furnished  on  demand  by  the 

3 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


18 


Proviso, 

seamstress. 


Sleeping 

rooms. 


Air  space,  etc. 


Contagious, 
etc.,  diseases 
to  be  reported. 


Seizure  of 
articles. 


Shipment  of 
infected,  etc., 
articles  into 
state. 


Proviso,  cer- 
tain stores. 


Improve- 
ments, inspec- 
tors may 
order. 


Proviso,  non- 
resident 
owners. 


When  tenant 
may  deduct 
from  rent. 


factory  inspector  or  one  of  his  deputies:  Provided,  That 

nothing  in  this  section  shall  be  so  construed  as  to  prevent  the 
employment  of  a seamstress  by  any  family  for  manufactur- 
ing articles  for  such  family  use.  None  of  the  work  men- 
tioned in  this  section  shall  be  done  in  any  room  or  apartment 
used  for  living  or  sleeping  purposes,  or  which  is  connected 
with  the  room  or  rooms  used  for  such  purposes,  and  which 
has  not  a separate  and  distinct  outside  entrance  for  use  of 
others  than  members  of  the  family  dwelling  therein.  Not  less 
than  two  hundred  fifty  cubic  feet  of  air  space  shall  be  al- 
lowed for  each  person  employed,  and  all  work  rooms  shall  be 
provided  with  sufficient  means  of  light,  heat  and  ventilation 
as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  chief  factory  inspector.  It  shall 
be  the  duty  of  local  boards  of  health,  health  officers  and  phy- 
sicians to  report  within  twenty-four  hours  to  the  deputy  fac- 
tory inspector  in  their  respective  districts  each  and  every 
case  of  contagious  or  infectious  disease  coming  officially  to 
their  knowledge.  The  chief  factory  inspector  or  any  duly  ap- 
pointed deputy  factory  inspector  shall  have  power  to  seize 
and  take  charge  of  all  articles  found  that  are  being  made  or 
partially  made,  finished,  cleaned  or  repaired  in  unhealthy  or 
insanitary  places  where  there  are  contagious  or  infectious 
diseases,  in  violation  of  the  law,  and  may  proceed  to  disin- 
fect, condemn  or  destroy  the  same  as  in  the  opinion  of  the 
local  board  of  health  officer,  the  public  health  or  safety  may 
require.  Whenever  it  is  reported  to  the  chief  factory  inspec- 
tor or  to  the  state  board  of  health,  or  to  either  of  them,  that 
any  of  the  articles  named  in  this  section  are  being  or  have 
been  shipped  into  this  state,  having  previously  been  manu- 
factured in  whole  or  in  part  under  unhealthy  conditions,  said 
chief  factory  inspector  shall  examine  said  goods  and  the  con- 
dition of  their  manufacture,  and  if  upon  such  examination 
said  goods  or  any  of  them  are  found  to  contain  vermin  or  to 
have  been  made  in  improper  places  or  under  unhealthy  condi- 
tions, he  shall  make  report  thereof  to  the  state  board  of 
health,  which  board  shall  thereupon  make  such  order  or 
orders  as  the  public  health  and  safety  may  require:  Pro- 

vided, That  in  stores  where  goods  are  manufactured,  altered 
or  repaired,  work  rooms  shall  be  provided  with  proper  heat, 
light  and  ventilation,  as  prescribed  in  this  section. 

(23)  Sec.  23.  Factory  inspectors  shall  have  power  to 
order  all  improvements  herein  specified,  such  as  the  repair- 
ing of  elevators,  the  installment  of  wash  and  dressing  rooms 
and  water  closets.  When  such  improvements  are  found  nec- 
essary orders  for  same  shall  be  served  on  the  owner  of  the 
building  or  premises:  Provided,  That  whenever  the  owner  of 
such  buildings  or  premises  as  mentioned  in  this  act  be  a non 
resident  of  this  state  said  order  may  be  made  on  his  resident 
agent  or  the  tenant  of  such  buildings  or  premises.  If  the 
tenant  be  required  to  make  such  improvements  he  may  deduct 


LABOR  LAWS. 


19 


the  cost  thereof  from  the  amount  of  rent  for  use  of  such 
buildings  or  premises. 

This  section  construed  in  connection  with  section  12  of  this  act. — Barfoot 
v.  White  Star  Line,  170/349. 

(24)  Sec.  24.  All  persons  who  employ  females  in  stores,  Sjjjjgtor 
shops,  offices  or  manufactories,  as  clerks,  assistants,  opera- 
tives or  helpers  in  any  business,  trade  or  occupation  carried 

on  or  operated  by  them,  shall  be  required  to  procure  and  pro- 
vide proper  and  suitable  seats  for  all  such  females,  and  shall 
permit  the  use  of  such  seats,  rests  or  stools  as  may  be  neces- 
sary, and  shall  not  make  any  arbitrary  rules,  regulations  or 
orders  preventing  the  use  of  such  stools  or  seats  at  reason- 
able times.  No  employer  of  female  help  shall  neglect  or  re-  Neglect  or  re- 
fuse to  provide  seats  as  provided  in  this  act,  nor  shall  make  y^e! to  pro~ 
any  rules,  orders  or  regulations  in  their  shops,  stores  or  other 
places  of  business  requiring  females  to  remain  standing  when 
not  necessarily  in  service  or  labor  therein. 

(25)  Sec.  25.  No  person  shall  employ  or  permit  any  girl  ?e™ao®naetc 
or  woman  to  act  as  barkeeper,  or  to  serve  liquor,  or  to  fur- 
nish music,  or  for  dancing  in  any  saloon  or  barroom  where 
spirituous  or  intoxicating  liquors,  or  malt,  brewed  or  fer- 
mented liquors  are  sold  or  kept  for  sale. 

This  section  is  deemed  to  supersede  C.  L.  1897,  §§  5361-5364,  on  the  same 
subject. 

(26)  Sec.  2G.  All  entrances  to  foundries  shall  be  con-  Foundries, 
structed  and  maintained  so  as  to  minimize  drafts.  All  pas- 
sage wa3^s  in  foundries,  now  in  operation  or  hereafter  to  be 

built,  shall  be  constructed  and  maintained  of  sufficient  width 
to  make  them  reasonably  safe  for  the  workmen,  and  no  un- 
necessary obstruction  shall  be  allowed  in  such  passage  ways 
during  the  hours  of  casting.  Whenever  a foundry  is  so  con-  Exhaust  fans, 
structed  or  operated  that  smoke,  steam,  dust  or  noxious 
gases  are  not  promptly  carried  off  by  the  general  ventilation, 
exhaust  fans  shall  be  provided.  No  salamanders  or  open  fire  Salamanders, 
places  shall  be  used,  unless  ample  provision  be  made  for  con- 
veying the  gases  arising  therefrom  directly  from  the  building. 

Foundries  shall  be  reasonably  well  lighted  throughout 
working  hours,  and  reasonably  well  heated  during  the  cold 
and  inclement  weather.  Hot  water  shall  be  kept  available  Hot  water, 
for  washing  purposes  during  the  season  in  which  artificial 
heating  is  necessary.  When  it  is  thought  necessary  and  ad- 
visable by  a state  factory  inspector,  facilities  shall  be  pro- 
vided for  drying  the  clothing  of  persons  employed  therein. 

All  pits  around  furnaces  in  any  such  foundry  shall  be  cov- 
ered with  substantial  iron  gratings.  All  stairways  around  Burns  or 
such  furnaces  shall  be  constructed  of  iron.  There  shall  be  accldent 
kept  on  hand  at  all  times  in  every  foundry  a reasonable  sup- 
ply of  lime  water,  sweet  oil,  vaseline,  bandages  and  absorbent 
cotton  for  use  by  the  workmen  in  case  of  burns  or  accident. 


20 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Places  deemed 
foundries. 


Fans,  blowers. 


Proviso. 


Further 

proviso. 


Duty  of  per- 
sons operating 
factory. 


Hood  or 
hopper. 


Suction  pipes. 


Size. 


It  is  hereby  made  the  duty  of  each  and  every  state  factory  in- 
spector to  enforce  the  provisions  of  this  section.  Any  place 
or  establishment  where  metal  castings  or  cores  are  made 
shall  be  deemed  a foundry  within  the  meaning  of  this  act. 

This  section  is  deemed  to  supersede  Act  152  of  1907  on  the  same  subject. 

(27)  Sec.  27.  All  persons,  companies  or  corporations 
operating  any  factory  or  workshop,  where  wheels  or  emery 
belts  of  any  description  are  in  general  use,  either  leather, 
leather  covered,  felt,  canvas,  paper,  cotton,  or  wheels  or  belts 
rolled  or  coated  with  emery  or  corundum,  or  cotton  wheels 
used  as  buffs,  shall  provide  the  same  with  fans  or  blowers  or 
similar  apparatus,  which  shall  be  placed  in  such  a position 
or  manner  as  to  protect  the  person  or  persons  using  the  same 
from  the  particles  of  dust  produced  and  caused  thereby,  and 
to  carry  the  dust  arising  from,  or  thrown  off  by  such  wheels  or 
belts  while  in  operation,  directly  to  the  outside  of  the  build- 
ing or  to  some  other  receptacle  placed  so  as  to  receive  and 
confine  such  dust:  Provided,  That  grinding  machines  upon 
which  water  is  used  at  the  point  of  grinding  contact  shall  be 
exempt  from  the  conditions  of  this  act:  Provided  further, 
That  this  act  shall  not  apply  to  solid  emery  wheels  used  in 
saw  mills  or  planing-mills  or  other  wood  working  establish- 
ments. 

Notice  to  guard  emery  wheels  in  use  in  defendant’s  factory  held  broad 
enough  to  include  wheels  subsequently  installed. — Kerr  v.  Brass  Mfg.  Co., 
155/191. 

(28)  Sec.  28.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  any  person,  com- 

pany or  corporation  operating  any  such  factory  or  workshop 
to  provide  or  construct  such  appliances,  apparatus,  machinery 
or  other  things  necessary  to  carry  out  the  purposes  of  this 
act,  as  set  forth  in  the  preceding  section,  as  follows:  Each 

and  every  such  wheel  shall  be  fitted  with  a sheet  or  cast  iron 
hood  or  hopper  of  such  form  and  so  applied  to  such  wheel  or 
wheels  that  the  dust  or  refuse  therefrom  will  fall  from  such 
wheels  or  will  be  thrown  into  such  hood  or  hopper  by  cen- 
trifugal force  and  be  carried  off  by  the  current  of  air  into  a 
suction  pipe  attached  to  such  hood  or  hopper. 

(29)  Sec.  29.  Each  and  every  such  wheel  six  inches  or 
less  in  diameter  shall  be  provided  with  a three-inch  suction 
pipe,  wheels  six  inches  to  twenty-four  inches  in  diameter 
with  four-inch  suction  pipes,  wheels  from  twenty-four  inches 
to  thirty-six  inches  in  diameter  with  five-inch  suction  pipes, 
and  all  wheels  larger  in  diameter  than  those  stated  above 
shall  be  provided  each  with  a suction  pipe  not  less  than  six 
inches  in  diameter.  The  suction  pipe  from  each  wheel  so 
specified  must  be  full  size  to  the  main  trunk  suction  pipe,  and 
the  said  main  suction  pipe  to  which  smaller  pipes  are  at- 
tached shall,  in  its  diameter  and  capacity,  be  equal  to  the 
combined  areas  of  such  smaller  pipes  attached  to  the  same, 
and  the  discharge  pipe  from  the  exhaust  fan  connected  with 


LABOR  LAWS. 


21 


such  suction  pipe  or  pipes  shall  be  as  large  or  larger  than 
the  suction  pipe. 

(30)  Sec.  30.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  any  person,  com- Connection  of 
pany  or  corporation  operating  any  such  factory  or  workshop,  pipes. 

to  provide  the  necessary  fans  or  blowers  to  be  connected 

with  such  pipe  or  pipes,  as  above  set  forth,  which  shall  be 

run  at  such  rate  of  speed  as  will  produce  a velocity  of  air  in 

such  suction  or  discharge  pipes  of  at  least  nine  thousand  feet 

per  minute  or  an  equivalent  suction  or  pressure  of  air  equal 

to  raising  a column  of  water  not  less  than  five  inches  high  in 

an  U-shaped  tube.  All  branch  pipes  must  enter  the  main  Branch 

trunk  pipe  at  an  angle  of  forty-five  degrees  or  less.  The  main  pipes‘ 

suction  or  trunk  pipe  shall  be  below  the  polishing  or  buffing 

wheels  and  as  close  to  the  same  as  possible,  and  be  either 

upon  the  floor  or  beneath  the  floor  on  which  the  machines 

are  placed  to  which  such  wheels  are  attached.  All  bends,  Bends,  turns. 

turns  or  elbows  in  such  pipes  must  be  made  with  easy  smooth 

surfaces  having  a radius  in  the  throat  of  not  less  than  two 

inches  diameter,  of  the  pipe  on  which  they  are  connected. 

(31)  Sec.  31.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  any  factory  in- who  may  visit 
spector,  sheriff,  constable  or  prosecuting  attorney  of  any  fac^ory^uring 
county  in  this  state,  in  which  any  such  factory  or  workshop  working  hours, 
is  situated,  upon  receiving  notice  in  writing,  signed  by  any 

person  or  persons  having  knowledge  of  such  facts,  that  such 
factory  or  workshop  is  not  provided  with  such  appliances  as 
herein  provided  for,  to  visit  any  such  factory  or  workshop  and 
inspect  the  same,  and  for  such  purpose  they  are  hereby  au- 
thorized to  enter  any  factory  or  workshop  in  this  state  dur- 
ing working  hours,  and  upon  ascertaining  the  facts  that  the 
proprietors  or  managers  of  such  factories  or  workshops  have  ^ompiamt, 
failed  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of  this  act,  to  make 
complaint  of  the  same  in  writing  before  a justice  of  the  peace 
or  police  magistrate  having  jurisdiction,  who  shall  there-  warrant, 
upon  issue  his  warrant  directed  to  the  owner,  manager  or 
director  of  such  factory  or  workshopr  who  shall  be  thereupon 
proceeded  against  for  the  violation  of  this  act  as  hereinafter 
mentioned,  and  it  is  made  the  duty  of  the  prosecuting  at- 
torney to  prosecute  all  cases  under  this  act.  No  person  shall  ^asements^n 
be  employed  to  operate  any  of  the  wheels,  buffers  or  belts  wheels! 'buf-m 
mentioned  in  this  act  in  any  basement,  so-called,  or  in  any  fers>  etc”  in- 
room  lying  wholly  or  partly  beneath  the  surface  of  the 
ground,  unless  such  workroom  shall  be  provided  with  suffi- 
cient means  of  light,  heat  and  ventilation  as  shall  be  pre- 
scribed by  the  state  factory  inspector.  No  female  shall  be  Females, 
employed  in  operating  or  using  any  of  the  wheels  or  belts 
specified  in  this  section. 

(32)  Sec.  32.  All  persons,  companies  or  corporations  Hair  picking 
operating  any  upholstering  or  mattress  establishments  or machmes- 
other  establishments,  factory  or  place  where  hair,  moss,  tow 

or  cotton  is  used  for  filling,  shall  provide  the  same  with  hair 
picking  machines  when  ordered  by  the  commissioner,  deputy 
commissioner  of  labor  or  deputy  factory  inspector,  which 


22 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


shall  be  placed  in  such  a position  or  manner  as  to  carry  away 
the  dust  arising  from  or  thrown  off  by  such  machines  while 
in  operation  directly  to  the  outside  of  the  building  or  to  some 
other  receptacle  established  so  as  to  receive  and  confine  such 
when  estab-  dust,  and  the  same  shall  be  placed  within  such  establish- 
ment, place  or  factory  within  three  months  after  having  been 
ordered  to  be  so  placed  by  the  commissioner,  deputy  com- 
missioner of  labor  or  deputy  factory  inspector. 

This  section  is  deemed  to  supersede  Act  252  of  1907  on  the  same  subject. 


Stationary 
steam  boilers. 


Proviso, 

approval, 

inspection. 


(33)  Sec.  33.  All  stationary  steam  boilers  operated  or 
used,  or  caused  to  be  operated  or  used,  by  any  person,  firm  or 
corporation  within  the  state  of  Michigan,  shall,  whenever  so 
ordered  by  the  chief  factory  inspector  or  any  of  his  duly 
authorized  deputies,  have  upon  them  some  device  which  will 
sound  an  alarm  for  the  purpose  of  calling  the  attention  of 
the  engineer,  fireman  or  person  in  charge  of  any  such  boiler 
to  the  depth  of  water  in  the  boiler  before  the  same  reaches 
the  danger  point:  Provided,  That  the  kind  of  device  or 

alarm  used  shall  be  approved  by  the  chief  factory  inspector 
of  the  state;  and  he  or  any  of  the  duly  authorized  deputies 
shall  be  authorized  to  enter  upon  the  premises  of  any  person, 
firm  or  corporation  within  this  state  for  the  purpose  of  in- 
specting any  stationary  steam  boiler  so  used  or  operated. 


This  and  the  next  section  are  deemed  to  supersede  Act  209,  of  1899,  on  the 
same  subject. 


Low  water 
alarm,  oper- 
ation without, 
unlawful. 


Employment 
bureaus, 
creation  of. 


Labor  com- 
missioner to 
organize. 


(34)  Sec.  34.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person,  firm  or 
corporation  to  operate  any  stationary  steam  boiler  without 
its  having  a low  water  alarm  attached  thereto,  after  the  chief 
factory  inspector  or  any  duly  authorized  deputy  has  ordered 
the  same  to  be  used  as  specified  in  this  act. 

(35)  Sec.  35.  Free  employment  bureaus  are  hereby  au- 
thorized to  be  created  and  established  in  this  state  as  follows: 
One  in  the  city  of  Detroit,  one  in  the  city  of  Grand  Rapids, 
one  in  the  city  of  Jackson,  one  in  the  city  of  Bay  City,  one 
in  the  city  of  Battle  Creek,  one  in  the  city  of  Muskegon,  one 
in  the  city  of  Saginaw,  one  in  the  city  of  Flint,  one  in  the 
city  of  Kalamazoo  and  one  in  the  city  of  Traverse  City,  for 
the  purpose  of  receiving  applications  of  persons  seeking  em- 
ployment and  applications  of  persons  seeking  to  employ  labor. 
Such  bureaus  shall  be  designated  and  known  as  Michigan 
free  employment  bureaus.  The  commissioner  of  labor  shall 
organize,  establish  and  control  the  free  employment  bureaus 
authorized  by  this  act.  No  compensation  or  fee  shall  be 
charged  or  received  directly  or  indirectly  from  persons  ap- 
plying for  employment  or  help  through  any  such  bureau.  It 
shall  be  the  duty  of  said  commissioner  of  labor  to  use  all  dili- 
gence in  securing  the  co-operation  of  employers  of  labor  with 
the  purpose  and  objects  of  said  employment  bureau.  To  this 
end  it  shall  be  competent  for  said  commissioner  to  advertise 
in  the  columns  of  newspapers  or  to  use  other  mediums  for 


LABOR  LAWS. 


23 


such  situations  as  he  or  his  agents  have  applicants  to  fill, 
and  for  such  help  as  may  be  called  for  by  employers.  Said 
commissioner  of  labor  may  also  advertise  in  a general  way 
for  the  co-operation  of  large  contractors  and  employers,  in 
such  trade  journals  or  special  publications  as  reach  such  em- 
ployers, whether  such  trade  journals  are  published  in  the 
state  of  Michigan  or  not,  and  he  may  pursue  such  other 
methods  as  in  his  judgment  will  best  tend  to  accomplish  the 
purpose  of  this  act. 

Am.  1911,  Act  191. 

This  and  the  next  two  sections  are  deemed  to  supersede  Act  281  of  1907  on 
the  same  subject. 

(36)  Sec.  36.  The  commissioner  of  labor  is  authorized  to  Assistants, 
appoint  such  assistants  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  proper 
administration  of  such  free  employment  bureaus.  All  such 
assistants  shall  be  under  the  control  and  direction  of  the 
commissioner  of  labor,  and  shall  receive  such  compensation 

as  he  shall  determine.  All  compensation  for  services  and  ex-  compensation, 
penses  provided  for  in  this  act,  except  the  compensation 
allowed  to  the  commissioner  and  his  deputy,  shall  be  paid 
from  the  sum  of  forty  thousand  dollars  hereinafter  appro- 
priated under  the  provisions  of  section  thirty-seven  of  this 
act.  Such  compensation  and  services  shall  be  paid  by  the  How  re- 
state treasurer  upon  the  warrant  of  the  auditor  general 
in  the  same  manner  as  other  salaries  and  expenses  are  paid. 

(37)  Sec.  37.  The  sum  of  forty  thousand  dollars  is  here-  A^nnua^ap- 
by  appropriated  for  each  fiscal  year  beginning  July  first,  propna 
nineteen  hundred  nine,  for  the  maintenance  and  support  of 

said  department  of  labor,  and  the  auditor  general  is  hereby 
directed  to  annually  add  to  and  incorporate  in  the  state  tax 
to  be  levied  each  year  the  sum  of  forty  thousand  dollars, 
which  when  collected  shall  be  credited  to  the  general  fund 
to  reimburse  the  same  for  the  money  appropriated  by  this 
act. 

(38)  Sec.  38.  An  inspector  of  coal  mines  shall  be  ap-  Insf^-JJgSof 
pointed  by  the  commissioner  of  labor,  whose  duty  shall  be  to  duty  of. 
inspect  the  coal  mines  of  Michigan  and  from  time  to  time  re- 
port the  results  of  his  inspection  with  such  other  labor  sta- 
tistics as  he  shall  be  directed  to  collect,  to  the  commissioner 

of  labor,  upon  such  blanks  and  in  such  manner  as  the  latter 

named  official  shall  designate,  and  the  results  and  findings  of 

said  coal  mine  inspector  shall  be  incorporated  in  the  regular 

annual  report  of  said  commissioner  of  labor.  Said  inspector  Compensation. 

shall  receive  in  compensation  for  his  services  four  dollars 

per  day  and  his  necessary  expense  of  travel  while  employed 

and  under  instructions,  it  being  further  provided  that  the 

expenses  and  salary  of  said  inspector  shall  not  exceed  two 

thousand  dollars  per  year. 

Sec  Act  177  of  1913  for  the  regulation  and  inspection  of  coal  mines,  and 
Act  263  of  1911  for  the  election  of  county  mine  inspectors,  sections  55-114  of 
this  compilation. 


24 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Inspector, 
right  and 
power  of. 


Engineers. 


Weighmen  to 
be  sworn. 


Check 

weighman. 


Timber. 


Ventilation. 


Certain  mines 
not  required  to 
change 
system. 


Doors  set  on 
entries. 


Break- 

throughs. 


(39)  Sec.  39.  The  inspector,  when  properly  commis- 
sioned by  the  commissioner  of  labor,  shall  have  the  right  and 
power  to  enter  any  coal  mine  for  the  purpose  of  inspecting 
or  collecting  statistics  relating  to  the  hours  of  labor,  wages, 
industrial,  economic  and  sanitary  questions  or  matters  of 
scales.  Only  competent  and  trustworthy  engineers  shall  be 
permitted  to  operate  the  cages  and  hoisting  devices  in  all  coal 
mines  of  this  state. 

(40)  Sec.  40.  All  weighmen  who  shall  perform  the  duty 
of  weighing  the  coal  shall  be  sworn  by  some  one  competent 
to  administer  a legal  oath,  that  they  will  perform  their  duty 
accurately  and  impartially  as  between  employers  and  em- 
ployes, and  that  they  will  honestly  report  and  record  all 
weights  of  coal  to  which  they  are  intrusted.  The  coal  mine 
employes  shall  have  the  right  to  name  a competent  and  fair 
check  weighman,  who  shall  be  paid  by  the  employes,  and 
shall  be  sworn  by  any  one  authorized  to  administer  oaths. 

(41)  Sec*.  41.  The  owner,  agent  or  operator  of  any  and 
all  mines  shall  keep  a supply  of  timber  constantly  on  hand, 
of  sufficient  length  and  dimensions  to  be  used  as  props  and 
cap  pieces,  and  the  same  shall  be  delivered  to  the  miner  at 
his  respective  place  of  work,  of  such  dimensions  as  he  shall 
designate.  For  the  purpose  of  ventilation,  the  mines  shall  be 
furnished  with  one  hundred  cubic  feet  of  air  per  minute  for 
each  person  employed  and  three  hundred  cubic  feet  for  each 
animal  used  therein,  measurements  to  be  made  at  any  point 
of  the  intake  airways.  It  shall  be  circulated  through  the 
mines  in  such  a way  that  each  working  place  will  be  kept 
in  a healthy  condition,  free  from  noxious  gases  or  deleterious 
air.  To  secure  this  result  the  current  shall  be  split  or  sub- 
divided, when  in  the  judgment  of  the  mine  inspector  such  is 
necessary.  Mines  that  have  been  in  operation  more  than  two 
years  prior  to  the  passage  of  these  amendments  to  the  in- 
spection of  coal  mines,  act  number  fifty-seven  of  the  public 
acts  of  eighteen  hundred  ninety-nine,  shall  not  be  required  to 
change  their  system  of  ventilation,  in  so  far  as  they  pertain 
to  splits  and  subdivisions. 

(42)  Sec.  42.  All  doors  set  on  entries  for  the  purpose  of 
conducting  ventilation  shall  be  made  sufficiently  tight  to 
effectually  obstruct  the  air  current,  and  any  employe  of  the 
coal  company  who  wilfully  or  maliciously  refuses  to  keep 
such  doors  closed  shall  be  subject  to  a fine  not  to  exceed  five 
dollars  or  imprisonment  in  the  county  jail  not  to  exceed 
thirty  days,  or  both  in  the  discretion  of  the  court.  It  shall 
be  the  duty  of  the  mine  owners  to  close  or  cause  to  be  closed 
all  entry  breakthroughs  with  air  tight  brattices,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  breakthrough  nearest  the  working  place  of  the 
employe,  unless  the  area  of  breakthrough  is  too  small  to 
permit  of  the  passage  of  air,  when  two  breakthroughs  may 
remain  open,  no  obstruction  of  any  kind  to  be  placed  in 


LABOR  LAWS. 


25 


breakthrough  nearest  working  face.  All  mines  generating  Certain  mines 
explosive  gases  shall  be  examined  every  morning  by  a duly  iSedevery ^ ’ 
authorized  agent  of  the  proprietor,  to  determine  whether  mornine- 
there  are  dangerous  accumulations  of  gas.  No  employe  shall 
enter  his  working  place  until  such  examiner  shall  have  re- 
ported all  such  conditions  safe  for  beginning  work. 

(43)  Sec.  43.  Any  shaft  in  process  of  sinking,  and  any  Shafts,  etc., 
opening  projected  for  the  purpose  of  mining  coal  shall  be  sub-  S^l^tion. 
ject  to  the  inspection  of  the  state  inspector  of  mines  for  the 
district  in  which  said  shaft  or  opening  is  located.  At  the  bot-  Passageways, 
tom  of  every  shaft  and  at  every  caging  place  therein,  a safe 

and  commodious  passage  way  must  be  cut  around  said  land- 
ing place  to  serve  as  a traveling  way  by  which  men  and 
animals  may  pass  from  one  side  of  the  shaft  to  the  other 
without  passing  under  or  on  the  cage.  The  upper  and  lower  Landings, 
landings  at  the  top  of  each  shaft,  and  the  opening  of  each 
intermediate  seam  from  or  to  the  shaft,  shall  be  kept  clean 
and  free  from  loose  materials,  and  shall  be  securely  fenced 
with  automatic  or  other  gates  so  as  to  prevent  either  man  or 
materials  from  falling  into  the  shaft. 

(44)  Sec.  44.  Every  hoisting  shaft  must  be  equipped  Cages, 
with  substantial  cages,  fitted  to  guides  running  from  the  top  to 

the  bottom.  Said  cages  must  be  safely  constructed,  they 
must  be  furnished  with  suitable  iron  covers  not  less  than 
three-sixteenths  inch  in  thickness  to  protect  persons  riding 
thereon  from  falling  objects;  the  cages  mast  be  equipped  with 
safety  catches,  which  catches  must  be  examined  daily  by  the 
mine  owners  or  their  representatives.  Cages,  catches  and  rope 
fastenings  shall  be  examined  daily,  and  cages  tested  by  drop 
quarterly  and  a record  of  these  examinations  shall  be  kept 
by  the  companies,  and  said  records  shall  be  subject  to  exam- 
ination by  the  mine  inspector  or  any  authorized  representa- 
tive employe.  Every  cage  on  which  persons  are  carried  must 
be  fitted  up  with  iron  bars  or  rings  in  proper  place,  and  a 
sufficient  number  to  furnish  a secure  hand-hold  for  each  per- 
son permitted  to  ride  thereon.  No  more  than  ten  men  shall 
be  allowed  to  ride  upon  the  cage  at  the  same  time,  and  no 
one  shall  be  allowed  on  one  cage  while  a loaded  car  is  on 
the  other  cage. 

(45)  Sec.  45.  A light  shall  be  provided  at  the  top  and  Lights, 
bottom  of  the  shaft  while  men  are  being  hoisted  and  lowered 
into  the  shaft,  except  in  daylight,  when  no  light  will  be  re- 
quired at  the  top  of  the  shaft.  For  every  coal  mine  in  the  ^fatpement 
state,  whether  worked  by  shaft,  slope  or  drift,  there  shall  be 
provided  and  maintained  in  addition  to  the  hoisting  shaft, 

a separate  or  escapement  shaft  or  opening  from  the  surface  to 
the  coal  vein  or  veins  and  communicating  with  the  hoisting 
shaft  through  an  opening  in  the  mine,  so  as  to  constitute  two 
separate  means  of  egress  to  all  persons  employed  in  the 
mine.  The  operators  shall  commence  the  sinking  of  an  when  com- 
escapement  or  air  shaft  not  later  than  three  months  after  the  menced- 


26 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


How 

equipped. 


When  exam- 
ined. 


Underground 
communica- 
tion between 
adjacent 
mines. 


Boiler  houses. 


Hoisting 

engines. 


Flanges  on 
cylinder  drum. 


Hoisting 

cables. 


Signals. 


main  shaft  has  been  sunk,  and  men  shall  not  be  employed  in 
the  mines  for  a longer  time  than  three  months  before  the 
sinking  of  an  air  shaft  and  necessary  under  ground  ap- 
proaches are  begun,  and  when  begun  the  work  in  both  air 
shafts  and  approaches  shall  be  continually  prosecuted  until 
completed,  the  area  of  shaft  to  be  not  less  than  sixty-four 
square  feet.  The  escapement  shaft  at  every  mine  shall  be 
equipped  with  safe  and  ready  means  for  the  prompt  removal 
of  men  from  the  mines  in  time  of  danger,  and  such  means 
shall  be  a substantial  stairway  set  at  an  angle  not  greater 
than  forty-five  degrees,  which  shall  be  provided  with  hand 
rails  and  with  platforms  or  landings  at  each  turn  of  the  stair- 
way; this  section  not  to  apply  to  mines  already  opened, 
further  than  to  provide  the  ready  means  for  the  prompt  re- 
moval of  the  men  in  time  of  danger.  All  escapement  shafts 
and  passageways  leading  thereto,  or  to  the  works  of  a con- 
tiguous mine  must  be  carefully  examined  at  least  once  a week 
by  the  mine  manager  or  a man  especially  delegated  by  him 
for  that  purpose.  If  obstructions  are  found  they  shall  be 
immediately  removed. 

(46)  Sec.  46.  When  operators  of  adjacent  mines  have  by 
agreement  established  underground  communication  between 
said  mines,  as  an  escapement  outlet  for  men  employed  in 
both,  the  roadways  to  the  boundary  on  either  side  shall  be 
kept  clean  of  every  obstruction  so  as  not  to  prevent  the  free 
passage  of  the  respective  operators  or  employes,  and  the  in- 
tervening door  shall  remain  unlocked  and  ready  at  all  times 
for  immediate  use.  Any  building  erected  after  the  passage 
of  this  act  for  the  purpose  of  housing  boilers,  shall  not  be 
less  than  sixty  feet  from  shafts.  Every  hoisting  engine  used 
either  for  the  sinking  of  escapement  shafts  or  for  the  hoisting 
of  coal  shall  be  provided  with  a good  and  sufficient  brake  on 
the  drum,  so  adjusted  that  it  may  be  operated  by  the  engineer 
without  leaving  his  post  at  the  levers.  When  cylinder  drum 
is  used,  flanges  with  sufficient  height  shall  be  attached  there- 
to to  prevent  the  rope  from  slipping  off  the  drum. 

(47)  Sec.  47.  The  ends  of  the  hoisting  cables  shall  be 
well  secured  on  the  drum  and  at  least  one  and  one-half  laps 
of  the  same  shall  remain  on  the  drum  when  the  cage  is  at  rest 
on  the  lowest  cage  rest  in  the  shaft.  The  following  code  of 
signals  shall  be  used  in  the  hoisting  of  coal,  and  in  the  hoist- 
ing and  lowering  of  men  into  and  from  the  mines;  said  code 
of  signals  shall  be  displayed  in  a conspicuous  place,  so  that 
they  may  be  easily  seen  by  the  engineer  and  eager  when 
standing  at  their  posts: 

One  bell,  Hoist  cage;  stop  cage  when  in  motion; 

Two  bells,  Lower  cage; 

Three  bells,  Hoist  car  of  dirt; 

Four  bells,  Men  and  cage  ready  to  be  hoisted; 

Cage  must  always  be  stopped  at  landing  on  four  bells. 

Five  bells,  Hoist  slowly,  danger; 


LABOR  LAWS. 


27 


Notice  to  men  at  bottom  coming  op — ring  four  bells.  After 
engineer  gives  one  blast  with  whistle,  get  on  cage  and  ring 
one  bell  to  be  hoisted.  Engineer  wanting  cage  while  at 
bottom  will  give  four  blasts  with  whistle  before  moving  cage. 

(48)  Sec.  48.  The  state  inspector  of  mines  is  hereby  em- 
powered to  test  all  scales  used  in  connection  with  the  weigh- 
ing of  coal  in  or  about  the  coal  mines.  He  shall  have  full 
access  to  everything  used  in  the  weighing  of  coal.  It  shall 
be  the  duty  of  the  mine  foreman  or  his  assistant  to  visit  each 
working  place  in  the  mine  at  least  twice  each  week.  None 
but  safety  hooks  shall  be  used  on  buckets  in  sinking  shafts. 

(49)  Sec.  49.  Every  employe  working  in  or  about  the 

coal  mines  of  this  state,  and  engaged  in  the  handling  of  pow- 
der, shall  use  every  precaution  to  prevent  premature  explo- 
sion. In  the  preparing  of  blasts  the  following  rules  must  be 
strictly  observed  in  all  cases:  No  lighted  lamp,  pipe  or 

other  article  by  which  powder  can  be  ignited  shall  be  kept 
within  four  feet  of  the  powder,  and  said  lamp,  pipe  or  other 
article  must  be  on  the  windward  side  of  powder;  in  blasts 
where  fuse  is  used,  no  miner  or  other  person  shall  return  to 
place  of  blast,  when  cartridge  has  failed  to  explode,  before 
four  hours  have  elapsed  from  the  time  of  lighting  the  fuse. 
Any  employe  or  other  person  violating  these  rules  shall  be 
subject  to  a fine  not  to  exceed  five  dollars  or  to  imprison- 
ment in  the  county  jail  not  to  exceed  thirty  days,  or  both 
upon  conviction  in  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

(50)  Sec.  50.  Only  a pure  animal  or  vegetable  oil,  or 
other  oil  as  free  from  smoke  as  a pure  animal  or  vegetable 
oil,  and  not  the  product  or  by-product  of  resin,  shall  be  used 
for  illuminating  purposes  in  the  mines  of  this  state.  The 
inspector  of  coal  mines  shall  have  power  to  inspect  as  often 
as  necessary  all  oils  used  in  the  coal  mines  in  this  state, 
and  shall  have  power  to  condemn  any  oil  in  his  judgment 
not  up  to  the  standard  within  the  meaning  of  section  fifty- 
four  of  this  act.  An  inspector  of  oil  shall  visit  the  mines 
at  least  four  times  a year  to  test  all  oils  used  for  illumi- 
nating purposes  in  the  mines  of  this  state,  and  any  person 
or  persons,  firm  or  corporation  having  in  charge  the  opera- 
tion or  running  of  any  mine  which,  in  a mine  under  his  or 
its  charge,  uses  or  permits  the  use  of  any  oil  other  than  that 
prescribed  by  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  any  miner  or 
mine  employe  who  uses  any  oil  other  than  prescribed  in 
this  act  in  any  mine  in  this  state  shall  be  fined  not  less 
than  five  nor  more  than  twenty-five  dollars. 

(51)  Sec.  51.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  mine  owners, 
previous  to  the  abandonment  of  a mine  to  make  or  cause 
to  be  made  a map  of  all  the  underground  workings  of  the 
said  mine,  and  to  file  the  said  map  with  the  state  inspector 
of  mines.  When  the  operations  of  a coal  mine  are  becoming 
dangerously  near  an  abandoned  mine,  the  mine  inspector  shall 
be  notified  bv  the  mine  management  and  he  shall  order  such 


Scales, 
testing  of. 


Mine  foreman, 
duty  of. 


Premature 

explosions. 


Rules  to  be 
observed. 


Penalty. 


Illuminat- 
ing oil. 


Quarterly  test. 


Penalty. 


Abandoned 
mines,  map  of. 


Mine  in- 
spector, when 
notified. 


28 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Water  closets. 
Dynamite. 


Fine. 

Penalty 

clause. 


Terms  and 
definitions. 


precautions  taken  as  in  liis  judgment  will  insure  safety  of 
life  and  property. 

(52)  Sec.  52.  For  the  purpose  of  observing  the  best 
sanitary  conditions  possible  in  the  mines  of  this  state,  no 
employe  therein  shall  use  any  portion  of  the  mine  excava- 
tions as  a water  closet  that  is  not  at  least  twenty-five  feet 
from  any  air  current. 

(53)  Sec.  53.  For  the  greater  protection  of  mine  work- 
ers and  the  better  preservation  of  coal  mines,  the  use  of 
dynamite  or  other  similar  explosives  used  in  blasting  coal 
loose,  except  the  ordinary  black  powder  commonly  used  in 
mines,  is  prohibited,  unless  the  mine  management  and  miners 
agree  it  is  a necessity;  but  nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  con- 
strued as  preventing  miners  from  using  dynamite  or  similar 
explosives  in  coal  as  an  assistance  to  shearing  in  narrow 
work  where  mine  management  and  miners  agree  it  is  a neces- 
sity. Any  violation  of  this  section  shall  be  punished  by  a fine 
or  imprisonment  or  both  in  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

(54)  Sec.  54.  Any  person  who  violates  or  omits  to  com- 
ply with  any  of  the  foregoing  provisions  of  this  act,  or  who 
interferes  in  any  manner  with  the  factory  inspector  in  the 
discharge  of  his  duties,  or  who  suffers  or  permits  any  child 
or  female  to  be  employed  in  violation  of  its  provisions,  shall 
be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and  on  conviction  shall 
be  punished  by  a fine  of  not  less  than  ten  nor  more  than  one 
hundred  dollars  or  by  imprisonment  for  not  less  than  ten 
nor  more  than  ninety  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprison- 
ment in  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

Sec.  55  repeals  “all  acts  or  parts  of  acts  inconsistent  herewith.” 


CHAPTER  II.— REGULATION  ANI)  INSPECTION. 


SECTION  I. — MINES. 

An  Act  to  provide  for  the  health  and  safety  of  persons  employed  in 
and  about  the  coal  mines  of  Michigan,  for  the  appointment,  quali- 
fications, duties  and  compensation  of  an  inspector  of  mines,  and  for 
the  protection  and  preservation  of  property  connected  therewith, 
and  to  provide  penalties  for  the  violation  thereof,  and  for  the  re- 
peal of  all  acts  and  parts  of  acts  inconsistent  herewith. 

[Act  177,  P.  A.  1913.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact : 

(55)  Section  1.  For  the  purposes  of  this  act,  the  terms 
and  definitions  contained  herein  shall  be  as  follows: 

Mine.  In  this  act  the  term  “mine”  includes  the  shafts, 
slopes  and  drifts  connected  with  excavations  penetrating  the 
coal  stratum  or  strata,  which  excavations  are  ventilated  by 
one  general  air  current,  or  divisions  thereof,  and  connected 


LABOR  LAWS. 


29 


by  one  general  system  of  mine  railroads,  over  which  coal  may 
be  delivered  to  one  or  more  points  outside  the  mine,  when 
such  is  operated  by  one  operator. 

Excavations  and  workings.  The  term  “excavations  and 
workings’’  includes  all  the  excavated  portions  of  a mine, 
those  abandoned,  as  well  as  the  places  actually  being 
worked;  also  all  underground  workings  and  shafts,  slopes, 
tunnels  and  other  openings,  in  the  course  of  being  sunk 
or  driven,  together  with  all  roads,  appliances,  machinery 
and  material  connected  with  the  same  below  the  surface. 

Shaft.  The  term  “shaft”  means  a vertical  opening  through 
the  strata  that  is  or  may  be  used  for  the  purpose  of  ventila- 
tion or  drainage,  or  for  hoisting  men,  coal  or  material,  or 
both,  in  connection  with  the  mining  of  coal. 

Slope.  The  term  “slope”  means  an  incline  or  opening 
rnsed  for  the  same  purpose  as  a shaft. 

Operator.  The  term  “operator”  means  any  firm,  corpora- 
tion or  individual  operating  any  coal  mine,  or  any  part 
thereof. 

Superintendent.  The  term  “superintendent”  means  the 
person  who  shall  have,  on  behalf  of  the  operator,  immediate 
supervision  of  one  or  more  mines. 

Mine  foreman.  The  term  “mine  foreman”  means  the  per- 
son whom  the  operator  or  superintendent  shall  place  in  charge 
of  the  inside  workings  of  the  mine  and  of  the  persons  em- 
ployed therein. 

Inspector.  The  term  “inspector”  means  the  person  com- 
missioned by  the  commissioner  of  labor  to  have  supervision 
of  the  mines  as  hereinafter  prescribed. 

Mine  committee.  The  term  “mine  committee”  means  men 
employed  to  represent  the  miners. 

See  ante,  sections  38-53. 

The  several  states  possess  a general  police  power,  by  which  persons  and 
property  are  subjected  to  all  kinds  of  restraints  and  burdens  in  order  to 
secure  the  general  health,  comfort  and  prosperity  of  the  state. — Davock  v. 

Moore.  105/120.  132.  And  the  state,  in  the  exercise  of  that  power,  may 
prescribe  reasonable  reflations  for  the  protection  of  employes,  for  the  rieht 
of  the  citizen  to  use  his  property  without  reflation  must  yield  to  the  public 
exigency. — People  v.  Smith,  108  / 527.  Such  reflations  of  the  use  of  private 
property  will  be  presumed  reasonable  and  necessary,  unless  the  contrary  ap- 
pears from  facts  of  which  the  court  may  take  judicial  notice. — Id. 

Appointment  of  Mine  Inspector. 

(5G)  Sec.  2.  An  inspector  of  coal  mines  shall  be  ap- By  whom 
pointed  by  the  commissioner  of  labor,  subject  to  the  approval  appomted- 
of  the  governor  of  the  state,  who  shall  have  had  at  least  eight 
years’  experience  in  the  mine,  three  years  of  which  he  was 
employed  in  mining  and  loading  coal,  and  he  shall  not, 
while  in  office,  be  interested  as  owner,  operator,  agent,  di- 
rector or  otherwise  interested  in  any  coal  mine,  gas,  oil 
or  other  mining  interest,  directly  or  indirectly,  or  in  any 
way  whatever  be  connected  with  a miners’  organization  dur- 
ing his  term  of  office,  and  he  must  have  been  a resident 
of  the  state  at  least  five  years  before  his  appointment  to 
office,  and  shall  receive  as  a salary  for  his  services  the  sum 


30 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Proviso. 


Proviso. 


Further 

proviso. 


of  four  dollars  per  day,  and  in  addition  thereto  shall  be 
allowed  an  amount  not  exceeding  seven  hundred  fifty  dollars 
for  traveling  expenses  per  year.  The  inspector  shall  present 
all  bills  for  traveling  expenses  to  the  commissioner  of  labor, 
and  the  same  shall  be  approved  by  him  before  being  pre- 
sented to  the  board  of  state  auditors  for  allowance.  The 
salary  and  expense  of  the  inspector  shall  be  paid  semi- 
monthly from  the  general  fund  of  the  state  upon  war- 
rants drawn  by  the  auditor  general. 

Police  Powers  of  Inspector. 

(57)  Sec.  3.  The  inspector  of  mines  is  hereby  empowered 

to  act  as  police  officer  with  full  power  to  arrest  and  detain 
any  person  found  violating  any  provisions  of  this  act,  or 
engaged  in  any  attempt  to  violate  this  law  or  any  part 
thereof,  or  against  whom  there  is  found  any  evidence  of  a 
previous  violation  of  this  law : Provided,  however,  That 
no  such  person  shall  be  detained  for  any  period  of  time 
longer  than  twenty^four  hours  without  warrant  or  the  filing 
of  a charge  against  him  in  a court  of  competent  jurisdic- 
tion. Such  inspector  shall  also  have  the  power  to  immediately 
stop  the  operation  of  any  coal  mine,  or  part  thereof,  in 
which  any  dangerous  or  unlawful  condition  is  found:  Pro- 

vided, however,  That  where  conditions  exist  justifying  him 
to  do  so,  he  may  grant  a reasonable  length  of  time  for  making 
necessary  repairs:  And  Provided  further,  That  where  any 

stop  is  enforced,  such  inspector  shall  have  the  power  to 
subsequently  allow  such  mine,  or  part  of  mine  to  be  re- 
opened when  the  dangerous  or  unlawful  conditions  have  been 
remedied  or  removed,  so  that  they  no  longer  exist. 

Authority  to  Enter. 

(58)  Sec.  4.  It  shall  be  lawful  for  the  inspector  of  mines 
to  enter,  examine  and  inspect  at  any  and  all  seasonable 
times,  by  day  or  by  night,  but  so  as  not  to  unreasonably  ob- 
struct or  hinder  the  working  of  such  coal  mine,  and  the 
operator  of  every  such  coal  mine  is  hereby  required  to  allow 
free  access  for  making  such  examination  and  inspection. 

Posting  Notices. 

(59)  Sec.  5.  The  result  of  all  coal  mine  inspections  made 
by  the  inspector  of  the  mines,  showing  all  his  conclusions  as 
to  the  condition  or  safety  of  the  mines  and  orders  given  in 
the  inspection  of  any  coal  mine,  shall  be  posted  in  writing  at 
the  entrance  to  such  mine  immediately  upon  the  conclusion 
of  each  inspection,  and  he  shall  furnish  a copy  of  such  re- 
port to  the  mine  office,  and  also  to  the  mine  committee. 
The  inspector  of  mines  shall  make  personal  inspection  of  all 
coal  mines  in  the  state  at  least  four  times  each  year. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


31 


Inspector  of  Weights. 

(60)  Sec.  6.  The  state  coal  mine  inspector  shall  be  ex 
officio  inspector  of  weights,  measures  and  scales  used  at 
coal  mines,  and  he  is  hereby  empowered  and  it  shall  be  his 
duty  to  test  all  the  scales,  correctly  measure  the  weight  of 
such  coal,  and  if  defects  or  irregularities  are  found  in  such 
scales,  which  prevent  correct  weights  and  measurements,  the 
inspector  shall  call  the  attention  of  the  mine  owner,  agent  or 
operator  to  such  defects,  and  shall  direct  the  same  to  be  at 
once  properly  adjusted  and  corrected.. 

Test  Weights. 

(61)  Sec.  7.  For  the  purpose  of  carrying  out  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act,  the  state  inspector  shall  be  furnished  by 
the  state  with  a complete  set  of  standard  weights,  suitable 
for  testing  the  accuracy  of  track  scales  and  of  all  smaller 
scales  at  mines.  Such  test  weights  shall  remain  in  the  custody 
of  the  inspector  for  use  at  any  point  within  the  state,  and 
for  any  amounts  expended  by  him  for  storage,  transporta- 
tion or  handling  of  the  same,  he  shall  be  fully  reimbursed 
upon  making  entry  of  the  proper  items  in  his  expense  voucher. 

Weighmen  to  Make  Oath. 

(62)  Sec.  8.  All  weighmen  who  shall  perform  the  duty 
of  weighing  coal  shall  be  sworn  by  some  one  competent  to 
administer  a legal  oath,  that  they  will  perform  their  duty 
accurately  and  impartially  as  between  employers  and  em- 
ployes, and  that  they  will  honestly  report  and  record  all 
weights  of  coal  with  which  they  are  entrusted.  The  coal 
mine  employes  shall  have  the  right  to  name  a competent 
and  fair  check  weighman,  who  shall  be  paid  by  the  em- 
ployes and  be  sworn  by  one  authorized  to  administer  oaths. 

Map  of  Mines.  Copies  Furnished  Mine  Inspector.  Sur- 
veys Ordered.  When. 

(63)  Sec.  9.  The  owner,  operator,  lessee  or  person  in 
charge  of  any  coal  mine,  shall  make  or  cause  to  be  made  an 
accurate  map  or  plan  of  such  mine,  drawn  to  a scale  of  not 
more  than  two  hundred  feet  to  the  inch,  on  which  shall  ap- 
pear the  name  of  the  state,  county  and  township  in  which 
the  mine  is  located,  the  designation  of  the  mine,  the  name 
of  the  company  or  owner,  operator,  lessee  or  person  in 
charge,  the  certificate  of  the  mining  engineer  or  surveyor 
as  to  the  accuracy  and  date  of  the  survey,  the  north  point 
and  the  scale  to  which  the  drawing  is  made.  Every  such 
map  or  plan  shall  correctly  show  the  surface,  boundary  lines 
of  the  coal  rights  pertaining  to  each  mine,  and  all  sections 
or  quarter  section  lines  or  corners  within  the  same;  the 
lines  of  town  lots  and  streets;  the  tracks  and  sidetracks  of 
all  railroads,  the  location  of  all  wagon  roads,  rivers,  streams, 


32 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


ponds.  For  the  underground  workings  said  map  shall  show 
all  shafts,  slopes,  tunnels,  or  other  openings  to  the  surface 
or  to  the  workings  of  a contiguous  mine,  all  excavations, 
entries,  rooms  and  crosscuts ; the  location  of  the  escape  ways, 
and  of  the  fan  or  other  means  of  ventilation,  and  the  di- 
rection of  air  currents  and  the  location  of  permanent  pumps, 
hauling  engines,  engine  plans,  abandoned  work,  fire  walls 
and  standing  water.  A separate  and  similar  map  drawn 
to  the  same  scale  in  all  cases,  shall  be  made  of  each  and 
every  seam  of  coal  operated  in  any  mine  in  this  state.  A 
separate  map  shall  also  be  made  of  the  surface  whenever 
the  surface  buildings,  lines  or  objects  are  so  numerous  as  to 
obscure  the  details  of  the  mine  workings,  if  drawn  upon  the 
same  sheet  with  them,  and  in  such  case  the  surface  map 
shall  be  drawn  upon  transparent  cloth  or  paper,  so  that  it 
can  be  laid  upon  the  map  of  the  underground  workings  and 
thus  truly  indicate  the  local  relations  of  lines  and  objects  on 
the  surface  to  the  excavations  of  the  mine,  together  with 
any  other  principal  workings  of  the  mine.  The  original  or 
true  copies  of  all  such  maps  shall  be  kept  at  the  office  of 
the  mine,  and  true  copies  thereof  shall  also  be  furnished  the 
state  inspector  of  coal  mines  within  thirty  days  after  the 
completion  of  the  same.  The  maps  so  delivered  to  the  in- 
spector shall  be  the  property  of  the  state,  and  shall  remain 
in  the  custody  of  the  commissioner  of  labor  during  his  term  of 
office,  and  be  delivered  to  his  successor  in  office.  They  shall 
be  kept  at  the  office  of  the  commissioner  of  labor,  and  be 
open  to  examination  of  all-  persons  interested  in  the  same,- 
but  such  examination  shall  be  made  only  in  the  presence  of 
the  inspector,  commissioner  of  labor,  or  his  office  assistant; 
no  copies  of  the  same  to  be  made  without  the  written  con- 
sent of  the  operator  or  owner  of  the  property,  except  as 
herein  otherwise  provided.  An  accurate  extension  of  the 
last  preceding  survey  of  every  mine  in  active  operation 
shall  be  made  in  every  twelve  months  prior  to  July  first 
of  every  year,  and  the  result  of  such  survey,  with  the  date 
thereof,  shall  be  promptly  and  accurately  entered  upon  the 
original  map;  and  a true,  correct  and  accurate  copy  of 
said  extended  map  shall  be  forwarded  to  the  inspector  of 
coal  mines  so  as  to  show  all  changes  in  plan  of  new  work 
in  the  mine,  and  all  extensions  of  old  workings  to  the  most 
advanced  face  or  boundary’  of  said  workings  which  have  been 
made  since  the  last  preceding  survey;  and  the  parts  of  the 
mine  abandoned  or  worked  out  after  the  last  preceding 
survey  shall  be  clearly  indicated  and  shown  by  colorings, 
which  copy  must  be  delivered  to  such  inspector  of  coal  mines 
within  thirty  days  after  the  last  survey  is  made.  When 
any  coal  mine  is  worked  out  or  is  about  to  be  abandoned, 
or  indefinitely  closed,  the  owner,  operator,  lessee  or  person 
in  charge  of  the  same  shall  make  or  cause  to  be  made  a 
complete  and  extended  map  of  said  mine,  and  the  result  of 
the  same  shall  be  duly  extended  on  a]]  maps  of  the  mine  and 


LABOR  LAWS. 


33 


copies  thereof  so  as  to  show  all  excavations  and  the  most 
advanced  workings  of  the  mine  and  their  exact  relations  to 
the  boundary  or  section  lines  on  the  surface,  and  deliver  to 
the  inspector  a copy  of  the  completed  map.  The  state  coal 
mine  inspector  shall  order  a survey  to  be  made  of  the  work- 
ings of  any  mine  and  the  result  to  be  extended  on  the  maps 
of  the  same,  and  the  copies  thereof,  whenever  in  his  judg- 
ment the  safety  of  the  working  men,  or  the  safety  of  an  ad- 
joining mine  requires  it;  and  if  not  made  by  the  owner, 
operator,  lessee  or  person  in  charge  when  ordered  by  the 
inspector,  it  shall  be  made  or  caused  to  be  made  by  the  in- 
spector and  paid  for  by  the  state,  and  the  amount  collected 
from  the  owner,  operator,  lessee  or  person  in  charge,  as 
other  debts  are  collected. 

Abandoned  Mines. 

(64)  Sec.  10.  When  approaching  abandoned  workings 
and  when  within  not  less  than  sixty  feet  of  the  same,  the 
excavations  in  approaching  the  said  workings  shall  not  ex- 
ceed eight  feet  in  width,  and  there  shall  be  constantlv  kept 
one  bore  hole  near  the  center  not  less  than  twenty  feet  in 
advance,  and  one  flank  bore  hole  on  each  side,  of  not  less 
than  fifteen  feet  in  length. 

Ventilation. 

(65)  Sec.  11.  For  the  purpose  of  ventilation  the  mines 
shall  be  furnished  with  not  less  than  one  hundred  cubic  feet 
of  air  per  minute  for  each  person  employed  in  the  mine,  or 
three  hundred  cubic  feet  of  air  per  minute  for  each  machine, 
mule  or  other  draught  animal  in  the  mine,  the  measurements 
to  be  made  at  any  point  of  the  intake  airways.  The  amount 
of  air  shall  be  so  distributed  as  to  give  all  employes  air  of 
reasonable  purity  to  keep  the  working  places  in  a healthy 
condition,  free  from  noxious  gases  and  deleterious  air,  and 
no  more  than  one  hundred  men  to  work  on  any  split  of  air. 
In  mines  generating  explosive  gas  of  a sufficient  quantity 
to  be  detected  by  an  ordinary  safety  lamp,  the  quantity  shall 
not  be  less  than  two  hundred  cubic  feet  of  air  per  minute 
for  each  person  and  six  hundred  cubic  feet  for  each  machine, 
mule  or  other  draught  animal,  and  the  mine  shall  be  oper- 
ated with  locked  safety  lamps  and  examined  by  a competent 
person  each  morning  before  the  men  enter  their  working 
places. 

Doors,  Breakthroughs  and  Brattices. 

(66)  Sec.  12.  Doors,  curtains  or  brattices  shall  be  placed 
in  such  places  as  may  be  designated  by  the  mine  manager. 
All  doors  set  on  entries,  for  the  purpose  of  conducting  venti- 
lation shall  be  made  sufficiently  tight  to  effectually  obstruct 
the  air  current.  Breakthroughs  shall  be  made  every  sixty 

5 


34 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


feet,  first  breakthrough  in  rooms  not  to  exceed  thirty  feet 
from  ^ntry;  aM  breakthroughs  must  be  not  less  than  five  feet 
wide  at  ray  point  in  said  breakthrough.  It  shall  be  the  duty 
of  mine  owners  to  close,  or  cause  to  be  closed,  all  entry  break- 
through.; with  airtight  brattices  with  the  exception  of  the 
one  nearest  the  working  place  of  the  employes,  or  two  if  nec- 
essary, no  obstruction  of  any  kind  to  be  placed  in  the  break- 
through nearest  the  working  place.  Curtains  shall  not  be 
permanently  used  on  entries  or  airways  without  the  written 
consent  of  the  state  inspector  of  coal  mines. 

Purity  of  Oil. 

(67)  Sec.  13.  Only  pure  animal  or  vegetable  oil  or  other 
means  for  illuminating  purposes  equally  as  safe  and  free 
from  smoke  or  offensive  odor  shall  be  used  in  any  coal  mine 
in  this  state;  and  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  purity 
of  oils  the  state  board  of  health  shall  fix  a standard  of  purity 
of  the  said  oils  and  establish  regulations  for  testing  the 
same,  and  when  so  determined  and  established  it  shall  be 
recognized  by  all  of  the  courts  of  this  state.  And  in  any  case 
when  any  material,  substance  or  other  means  of  illuminating 
is  used  for  illuminating  purposes,  as  by  this  act  contem- 
plated, any  refuse  part  thereof  remaining  after  use  which 
gives  off  any  gas  or  offensive  odor  shall,  by  the  person  using 
it,  be  removed  from  the  mine  at  the  end  of  his  day’s  work. 
Any  person,  firm  or  corporation,  either  by  themselves,  agents 
or  employes  selling  or  offering  to  sell  for  illuminating  pur- 
poses in  any  mine  in  this  state  any  adulterated  or  impure  oil, 
or  oil  not  recognized  by  the  state  board  of  health  as  suitable 
for  illuminating  purposes,  or  other  substance  to  be  used 
for  illuminating  purposes  not  equally  as  safe  and  free  from 
smoke  or  offensive  odor  as  oils  contemplated  by  this  act, 
shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and  upon  convic- 
tion thereof  shall  be  fined  not  less  than  twenty-five  dollars 
nor  more  than  one  hundred  dollars  for  each  offense;  and  any 
mine  owner,  lessee,  operator  or  employe  thereof  who  shall 
knowingly  use,  or  any  mine  owner,  lessee  or  operator  who 
shall  knowingly  permit  to  be  used  for  illuminating  purposes 
in  any  mine  in  this  state,  any  impure  or  adulterated  oil  or 
any  oil  or  other  means  of  illuminating,  the  use  of  which  is 
forbidden  by  this  act,  shall  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  fined 
not  less  than  five  dollars  nor  more  than  twenty-five  dollars. 

Regulations  for  Gil. 

(68)  Sec.  14.  The  oiling  or  greasing  of  cars  inside  of  any 
mine  is  strictly  prohibited,  unless  the  place  where  said  oil  or 
grease  is  used  is  thoroughly  cleaned  at  least  once  each  work- 
ing day  to  prevent  the  accumulation  of  waste  oil  or  grease 
on  the  roads  or  in  the  drains  at  that  point.  Not  more  than 
two  barrels  of  lubricating  oil  shall  be  permitted  in  any  mine 


LABOR  LAWS. 


35 


at  one  time,  and  it  shall  be  kept  in  a fireproof  building,  cut 
out  of  solid  rock,  or  made  of  masonry  or  concrete  of  sufficient 
thickness  to  insure  safety  in  case  of  fire.  But  this  shall  not 
prevent  a sufficient  quantity  of  oil  being  sent  in  for  machines. 

Electricity. 

(69)  Sec.  15.  In  all  coal  mines  in  this  state  where  elec- 
tricity is  or  shall  be  used  as  a part  of  the  system  power  or 
means  of  mining  and  securing  the  coal  from  said  mine,  the 
wiring  shall  be  carefully  and  thoroughly  insulated  or  pro- 
tected, except  trolley  and  negative  wires,  so  that  the  person 
or  animals  coming  in  contact  therewith  shall  not  be  injured 
thereby. 

Gasoline  Engines,  Location,  Approval,  Hand  Fire  Extinguish- 
ers. 

(70)  Sec.  16.  IVhere  gasoline  engines  are  used  in  the 
coal  mines,  the  exhaust  must  be  properly  cared  for.  and  all 
gasoline  pumps  shall  be  placed  in  such  position  that  the 
fumes  from  the  pumps  will  not  vitiate  the  air  or  injure  the 
health  of  the  employes.  The  supply  of  gasoline  required  for 
the  operation  of  said  pump  or  engine  shall  not  exceed  one 
day’s  supply,  and  shall  be  taken  into  the  mine  only  in  sealed 
metal  tanks,  so  constructed  that  the  oil  supply  can  be 
changed  without  pouring  the  oil  from  one  tank  to  another.  At 
all  hoisting  shafts,  air  shafts,  escape  shafts  and  places  of 
exit,  boiler  and  engine  rooms,  stables  in  mines  and  places 
where  gasoline  engines  are  used,  there  shall  be  kept  ready 
for  use  at  all  times  at  least  tw*o  good  hand  fire  extinguishers, 
conveniently  placed  for  immediate  use  wiien  needed. 

Boiler  and  Engine  Room  Location. 

(71)  Sec.  17.  All  boiler  and  engine  rooms  to  be  located 
or  constructed  on  the  surface  at  any  mine,  from  and  after 
the  enactment  of  this  act,  shall  be  constructed  of  non-com- 
bustible material,  except  rafters,  roof-boards,  studding  and 
coal  bins,  wdiich  shall  be  kept  whitewashed ; and  in  no  case 
shall  the  boiler  room  be  placed  wdthin  less  than  sixty  feet 
of  the  hoisting  shaft,  slope  or  drift,  and  no  obstruction  shall 
be  placed  between  the  engine  room  or  hoisting  shaft,  so  as 
to  obstruct  the  view  of  the  engineer. 

Inflammable  Buildings. 

(72)  Sec.  18.  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  erect  any  inflam- 
mable building  within  one  hundred  feet  of  the  fan  house,  and 
in  any  building  erected*  between  fan  house  and  hoisting  shaft 
no  explosives  shall  be  stored. 


36 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Wash  Houses. 

(73)  Sec.  19.  For  the  protection  of  the  health  of  the 
employes  hereinafter  mentioned,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
owner,  operator,  lessee,  superintendent  of,  or  other  person  in 
charge  of  every  coal  mine,  at  the  request  in  writing  of  twenty 
or  more  employes  of  such  mine,  or  in  event  there  are  less 
than  twenty  men  employed,  then,  upon  the  written  request 
of  one-third  of  the  number  of  employes  employed,  to  provide 
a suitable  wash  room  or  wash  house  for  the  use  of  persons 
employed,  so  that  they  may  change  their  clothing  before  be- 
ginning work  and  wash  themselves  and  change  their  clothing 
after  working.  Said  room  shall  be  separate  from  the  engine 
or  boiler  room,  and  shall  be  maintained  in  good  order,  be 
properly  lighted  and  heated  and  be  provided  with  clean,  cold 
and  warm  water. 

Time  for  Constructing  Escape  Shafts  or  Other  Exits. 

(74)  Sec.  20.  In  all  mines  there  shall  be  allowed  six 
months  to  make  escape  shafts  or  other  means  of  exit,  as  pro- 
vided by  law,  the  time  to  date  in  all  cases  from  hoisting  of 
coal  from  main  shaft,  slope  or  drift,  but  not  more  than 
twenty-five  persons  shall  be  employed  in  such  mine  at  any 
time  until  the  provision  of  the  law  relating  to  escape  shafts, 
or  other  means  of  exit,  shall  have  been  complied  with,  and 
after  the  expiration  of  the  period  above  mentioned,  it  shall 
not  be  operated  until  made  to  conform  to  the  provisions  of 
law  with  reference  to  the  escape  shaft  or  other  means  of  exit. 

Two  Places  of  Egress. 

(75)  Sec.  21.  The  owner,  operator,  lessee  or  person  in 
charge  of  any  mine  hereafter  constructed  and  operated  by 
shaft,  or  one  having  a slope  or  drift  opening  in  which  five 
or  more  persons  are  employed,  shall  construct  and  maintain 
at  least  two  distinct  openings,  which  in  mines  operated  by 
shaft  shall  be  separated  by  natural  strata  of  not  less  than 
three  hundred  feet  in  breadth,  and  in  mines  operated  by  slope 
or  drift,  not  less  than  two  hundred  feet  in  breadth,  to  which 
ingress  and  egress  at  all  times  shall  be  unobstructed  to  the 
employes  and  persons  having  occasion  to  use  the  same  as 
escape  ways  or  place  of  exit  from  the  mine. 

Escape  Shafts  Equipped  with  Stairway.  How  Constructed. 

(76)  Sec.  22.  All  escape  shafts  hereafter  constructed  not 
provided  with  hoisting  appliances  as  hereinafter  provided, 
shall  have  stairs  at  an  angle  of  not  more  than  forty-five 
degrees  in  ascent,  nor  less  than  eighteen  inches  wide  in  the 
clear,  with  proper,  safe  and  substantial  landing  at  convenient 
and  easy  distances  and  equipped  with  good  and  substantial 
hand  rails  or  banisters.  If  shaft  be  used  for  an  escape  shaft 


LABOR  LAWS. 


37 


and  air  shaft,  that  part  of  the  shaft  used  as  an  escape  way 
shall  be  divided  and  partitioned  closely  with  good  and  sub- 
stantial material  from  the  part  used  as  an  air  shaft,  all  of 
which  shall  be  kept  in  a safe  condition  as  by  this  act  provided. 

Escape  Shaft  Equipped  with  Hoisting  Apparatus. 

(77)  Sec.  23.  All  escape  shafts  not  provided  with  stairs 
shall  be  provided  with  suitable  appliances  for  hoisting  under- 
ground workmen,  ready  for  use  at  all  times,  both  day  and 
night,  while  the  workmen  are  at  labor,  which  hoisting  ap- 
paratus shall  be  separate  and  apart  from  the  hoisting  shaft, 
and  the  equipment  shall  include  a depth  indicator  brake  on 
the  drum,  steel  or  iron  cage,  safety  catches  on  cages  and 
covers  on  cages  to  securely  protect  any  person  while  on  the 
cage. 

Traveling  Ways.  How  Constructed.  Sign  Boards. 

(78)  Sec.  24.  In  any  mine  affected  by  this  act,  and  every 
seam  of  coal  worked  therein  there  shall  be  constructed,  kept 
and  maintained,  safe  and  accessible  traveling  ways  from  the 
escape  ways  or  place  of  exit  to  main  haulage  roads,  which 
shall  be  maintained  free  from  falls  of  roof,  standing  water, 
or  other  obstructions.  At  all  points  where  the  passage  or 
traveling  ways  to  the  escapement  shaft  or  place  of  exit  in- 
tersect other  road  ways  or  entries,  conspicuous  sign  boards 
shall  be  placed  thereat,  indicating  the  way  to  such  place  of 
exit. 

Escape  Ways  Kept  Free  from  Foul  Air,  Ice  and  Obstructions. 

(79)  Sec.  25.  The  escape  way  shall  be  ventilated  and 
kept  free  from  vitiated  air,  accumulations  of  ice  and  ob- 
structions of  every  kind ; nor  shall  steam  or  heated  air  be  dis- 
charged therein  during  the  day  time,  unless  an  attendant 
be  kept  in  charge  thereof  and  the  equipment  so  arranged 
that  the  steam  or  warm  air  may  be  readily  turned  off  at  any 
time  when  required,  and  a conspicuous  sign  board  placed 
in  plain  view,  indicating  the  point  where  the  steam  or  warm 
air  may  be  turned  off,  as  by  this  act  contemplated;  and 
all  surface  or  other  water  which  flows  therein,  shall  be 
conducted  by  rings  or  otherwise  to  receptacles  for  the  same 
so  as  to  keep  the  stairway  reasonably  free  from  falling  water. 

Lights  at  the  Top  and  Opening  of  Shaft. 

(80)  Sec.  26.  In  all  cases,  after  twilight,  or  when  by 
reason  of  steam  or  other  causes  obscuring  the  plain  view  of 
the  top  or  opening  of  any  shaft,  there  shall  be  maintained 
a good  and  substantial  light,  but  in  no  case  shall  an  open 
light  or  torch  be  used. 


38 


STATE  OP  MICHIGAN. 


Traveling  Way  Around  Bottom  of  Hoisting  Shaft. 

(81)  Sec.  27.  At  the  bottom  of  each  hoisting  shaft  there 
shall  be  constructed  a safe  and  convenient  traveling  way 
around  the  shaft  for  employes  and  animals,  and  it  shall  be 
unlawful  for  any  person  to  pass  across  the  shaft  bottom  in 
any  other  manner  or  in  any  other  way  than  the  traveling 
way  herein  contemplated,  except  such  employes  as  may  be 
necessary  to  perform  the  work  at  the  bottom  of  the  shaft  or 
those  engaged  in  making  repairs. 

Stable  Location.  Construction.  Not  Used  for  Storage  Pur- 
poses. 

(82)  Sec.  28.  The  owner,  operator,  lessee  or  person  in 
charge  of  any  mine  shall  not  be  allowed  to  locate  any  stable 
at  a point  in  any  mine  where  the  air  current  supplied  to 
the  employes  passes  through  such  place.  The  materials  used 
in  the  construction  of  the  stables  herein  contemplated  shall, 
as  near  as  practicable,  be  incombustible,  and  such  stables 
shall  not  be  used  as  a place  for  storing,  nor  shall  any  in- 
flammable material  be  stored  therein,  except  such  hay  as  may 
be  necessary  for  one  day’s  use,  except  in  case  of  emergency. 

Places  of  Refuge.  Signals.  Lights. 

(83)  Sec.  29.  On  all  single  track  haulage  roads  where 
haulage  is  done  by  machinery,  which  roads  the  persons  em- 
ployed in  the  mine  must  use,  while  traveling  on  foot  to  and 
from  their  work,  there  shall  be  places  of  refuge  on  one  side 
not  less  than  three  feet  in  depth  from  the  side  of  the  car, 
and  not  less  than  five  feet  long  and  not  less  than  the  height 
of  the  entry  as  driven  and  not  more  than  sixty  feet  apart. 
On  rope  haulage  roads  means  of  signaling  shall  be  established 
between  the  haulage  engines  at  all  points  on  the  road.  A 
conspicuous  light  must  be  carried  on  the  front  of  every'  trip 
or  train  of  such  cars  moved  by  machinery.  On  all  haulage 
roads  on  which  the  hauling  is  done  by  draught  animals  where- 
on men  are  obliged  to  pass  to  and  from  their  work,  there 
shall  be  places  of  refuge  not  less  than  three  feet  in  width 
from  the  side  of  the  car  and  not  less  than  five  feet  long  and 
not  less  than  the  height  of  the  entry  as  driven,  and  not  more 
than  sixty  feet  apart.  Refuge  places  shall  not  be  required 
in  the  entries  on  which  room  necks  are  turned  at  regular 
intervals  not  exceeding  sixty  feet  apart,  which  furnish  re- 
quired refuge  places.  All  places  of  refuge  must  be  kept 
clear  of  obstruction,  except  supports,  and  no  materials  shall 
be  stored  or  be  allowed  to  accumulate  therein. 

Means  of  Communications,  Safety  Appliances,  Etc. 

(84)  Sec.  30.  The  operator  or  superintendent  shall  pro- 
vide and  maintain  from  the  top  to  the  bottom  of  every 


LABOR  LAWS. 


39 


shaft  where  persons  are  raised  or  lowered,  a metal  tnbe 
suitably  adapted  to  the  free  passage  of  sound,  through  which 
conversation  may  be  held  between  persons  at  the  top  and 
bottom  of  said  shaft,  and  also  means  of  signaling  from  the 
top  to  the  bottom  thereof,  and  shall  provide  every  cage  used 
for  the  hoisting  or  lowering  of  persons,  with  a sufficient  over- 
head covering  to  protect  these  persons  when  using  the  same, 
and  shall  provide  also  for  each  said  cage  a safety  catch  ap- 
proved by  the  mine  inspector  and  to  be  tested  by  drop 
quarterly.  The  said  operator  or  superintendent  shall  see 
that  flanges  with  sufficient  clearance,  when  the  rope  is  wound 
around  the  drum,  to  prevent  the  rope  slipping  off  the  drum 
of  every  engine  that  is  used  for  lowering  and  hoisting  per- 
sons to  and  out  of  the  mine,  are  used,  and  also,  that  adequate 
brakes  are  attached  to  the  drums : Provided.  That  the  rope 
shall  be  left  around  the  drum  at  least  one  and  onehalf  times 
when  the  cage  is  at  the  bottom  of  the  shaft.  Safety  gates, 
to  be  approved  by  the  mine  superintendent,  shall  be  so  placed 
as  to  prevent  persons  from  falling  into  the  shaft.  The  ropes, 
chains  and  machinery,  and  all  its  connections  used  for  lower- 
ing or  raising  the  employes  into  or  out  of  the  mines  shall  be 
kept  in  a safe  condition  and  inspected  once  every  twenty- 
four  hours  by  a competent  person  provided  by  the  mine 
operator  for  that  purpose,  who  shall  make  a daily  record 
of  such  inspection  in  a book  provided  for  that  purpose,  and 
such  machinery  and  the  method  of  its  inspection  shall  be  ap- 
proved by  the  mine  inspector. 

Safety  in  Hoisting  Men. 

(85)  Sec.  31.  Hoisting  and  lowering  men.  Every  cage 
on  which  persons  are  carried  must  be  fitted  with  iron  bars 
or  rings  in  proper  place  and  sufficient  number  to  furnish  a 
secure  hand-hold  for  every  person  permitted  to  ride  thereon, 
and  not  more  than  ten  persons  shall  be  allowed  to  descend 
or  ascend  in  any  cage  at  one  time,  or  such  less  number  as 
may  be  fixed  by  the  mine  inspector.  No  person  at  any  time 
shall  be  allowed  to  ride  in  the  shaft  or  on  any  cage  with  a 
car,  tools  or  other  material  or  when  such  car.  tools  or  ma- 
terial is  on  the  opposite  cage,  except  when  absolutely  neces- 
sary in  the  performance  of  work  in  the  making  of  repairs: 
and  no  person  shall  ride  upon  a loaded  trip  while  in  any 
part  of  the  mine,  except  the  person  or  persons  in  charge 
thereof.  Cages  on  which  employes  are  riding  shall  not  b e 
lifted  or  lowered  at  a rate  of  speed  greater  than  four  hundred 
feet  per  minute. 

Competent  and  Sober  Engineers.  Duties. 

(86)  Sec.  32.  The  owner,  operator  or  lessee  or  any  per- 
son in  charge  of  any  mine  shall  not  place  in  charge  of  any 
engine  in  and  around  the  mine,  any  but  competent  and  sober 
engineers,  who  shall  not  permit  any  person  but  those  desig- 


40 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


nated  to  handle,  operate,  or  interfere  with  it  or  any  part  of 
the  machinery,  except  such  as  may  be  necessary  in  making 
proper  and  needed  repairs,  and  no  person  shall  be  permitted 
to  talk  to  the  engineer  while  in  the  performance  of  his  duty 
in  hoisting  or  lowering  employes,  coal  or  mineral.  There 
shall  be  placed  in  plain  view  of  the  engineer  while  at  his  post 
of  duty,  at  some  conspicuous  point,  a code  of  signals  as  by 
this  act  provided,  and  which  shall  be  in  like  manner  placed 
at  the  top  and  bottom  of  the  shaft,  slope  or  drift;  and  it 
shall  be  the  duty  of  the  engineer  at  least  once  each  day  to 
carefully  inspect  all  of  the  machinery  and  apparatus  under 
his  charge,  and  carefully  note  all  of  its  parts,  and  if  any 
defects  appear  which  will  endanger  the  life  or  limb  of  any 
. employe  in  the  use  thereof,  he  shall  cease  operating  the  ma- 
chinery until  the  defects  are  corrected. 

Under  act  100  of  1905,  imposing  upon  the  owners  or  operators  of  coal 
mines  a positive  and  continuing  duty  to  employ  only  competent  and  trust- 
worthy engineers,  it  was  held  that  the  master  was  an  insurer  of  the  com- 
petency and  trustworthiness  of  its  engineers. — Layzell  v.  J.  H.  Somers  Coal 
Co.,  156  / 268.  And  the  doctrines  of  fellow-servant  and  assumed  risk  do  not 
apply,  where  the  injury  was  caused  by  the  negligence  of  an  incompetent  en- 
gineer.— Capeling  v.  Saginaw  Coal  Co.,  156  / 437.  The  master  is  not  entitled 
to  notice  of  the  incompetency,  since  by  the  very  employment  the  master 
neglected  a statutory  duty. — Kleinfelt  v.  J.  H.  Somers  Coal  Co.,  156  / 473. 

Code  of  Signals. 

(87)  Sec.  33.  One  bell:  Hoist  cage,  stop  cage  when  in 
motion. 

Two  bells:  Lower  cage. 

Three  bells:  Hoist  car  of  dirt. 

Four  bells : Men  and  cage  ready  to  be  hoisted ; cage  must 
always  be  stopped  at  landing  on  four  bells. 

Five  bells:  Hoist  slowly,  danger. 

Notice  to  men  at  bottom  coming  up. — Ring  four  bells. 
After  engineer  gives  one  blast  with  whistle,  get  on  cage  and 
ring  one  bell  to  be  hoisted.  Engineer  wanting  cage  while  at 
bottom  will  give  four  blasts  with  whistle  before  moving  cage. 

Conveying  of  Explosives. 

(88)  Sec.  34.  Blasting  powder  or  explosives  must  not 
be  taken  into  or  out  of  a coal  mine,  or  moved  from  place  to 
place  in  a coal  mine  along  any  entry  or  haulway,  where  there 
are  electric  wires,  while  the  power  is  on  such  wires,  except 
when  such  powder  or  explosive  is  conveyed  in  insulated  cars 
or  packages. 

Annual  Report.  Report  of  Accidents. 

(89)  Sec.  35.  The  owner,  lessee,  operator  or  person  in 
charge  of  any  mine  shall  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  August 
in  each  year,  send  to  the  office  of  the  inspector,  upon  blanks 
furnished  by  the  state,  a correct  return  with  respect  to  the 
year  ending  July  first  of  each  year,  the  quantity  of  coal  mined 
and  the  number  of  persons  ordinarily  employed  in,  at  and 


LABOR  LAWS. 


41 


around  such  mine,  designating  the  number  of  persons  be- 
low and  above  ground.  In  all  cases  the  owner,  operator, 
lessee  or  person  in  charge  of-  any  coal  mine  in  this  state,  upon 
the  happening  of  any  accident  by  which  injury  occurs  to 
any  of  the  employes  above  or  below  ground,  shall  imme- 
diately report  the  same  to  the  mine  inspector,  which  report 
shall  contain  a detailed  statement  of  the  extent  of  the  ac- 
cident, and  the  manner  in  which  it  occurred,  which  report 
shall  conform  to  the  standard  form  of  reports  as  provided 
by  the  mine  inspector  in  such  cases. 

Stretchers,  Blankets  and  Bandages. 

(90)  Sec.  36.  The  owner,  operator,  lessee  or  person  in 
charge  of  any  mine  shall  at  all  times  keep  in  readiness  for 
use  in  case  of  accident  and  at  the  mine  at  some  convenient 
place,  one  good  and  substantial  stretcher  for  each  one  hun- 
dred employes  engaged  in  the  operation  of  the  mine,  and 
proper  and  sufficient  woolen  blankets  for  each  stretcher,  to- 
gether with  a sufficient  and  reasonable  supply  of  bandages. 

Caps,  Timber  and  Props. 

(91)  Sec.  37.  The  owner,  agent  or  operator  of  any  and 
all  coal  mines  shall  keep  a supply  of  timber  constantly  on 
hand  of  sufficient  length  to  be  used  as  props  and  cap  pieces, 
and  the  same  shall  be  promptly  delivered  to  the  miner  at 
his  respective  place  of  work,  as  lie  may  designate  in  writing, 
on  blanks  to  be  furnished  by  the  operator. 

Duties  of  Mine  Foreman,  or  Pit  Boss. 

(92)  Sec.  38.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  mine  foreman, 
or  pit  boss  in  charge  of  any  mine  or  part  thereof,  to  make 
careful  inspection  of  the  working  places  in  the  mine  two 
times  each  week  by  himself  or  assistant,  and  at  any  such 
other  time  as  in  his  judgment  may  be  required.  He  shall 
give  such  directions  and  formulate  such  rules  for  the  guidance 
of  the  men  employed  in  the  mine,  as  skillful  and  safe  opera- 
tion of  the  mine  may  require.  He  shall  see  that  the  miners 
are  supplied  with  props,  when  ordered  by  the  miner,  of 
proper  length,  caps  and  other  timbers  necessary  to  securely 
prop  the  roof  of  such  mine  and  the  rooms  wherein  the  men 
are  employed,  and  such  material  shall  be  delivered  to  their 
working  places.  He  shall  keep  a careful  watch  over  the 
ventilating  apparatus  and  air  ways,  together  with  all  of  the 
stoppings,  doors  and  other  means  of  directing  the  air  cur- 
rent. He  shall  examine  the  escape  shaft,  man-wav,  the 
traveling  ways  leading  thereto  from  the  main  entries,  or 
cause  them  to  be  examined  by  a competent  person,  once 
each  day,  and  a written  report  of  the  conditions  of  such 
shaft,  man-way  and  traveling  ways  shall  be  made  and  filed 
in  the  office  at  that  mine,  which  shall  be  open  for  examina- 


42 


’ STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


tion  at  all  reasonable  times  to  the  representatives  of  the  em- 
ployes and  such  other  persons  entitled  thereto.  A copy  of 
such  report  shall  be  sent  each  month  to  the  mine  inspector. 
If  he  finds  the  conditions  of  the  escape  shaft,  man-way  or 
traveling  ways  impassable  or  dangerous,  he  shall  immediately 
upon  the  discovery  of  the  defect,  place  such  instructions  at 
the  defective  place  as  may  be  reasonably  necessary  to  ap- 
prise the  employes  of  the  danger. 

Caution  as  to  Property.  Doors,  Etc. 

(93)  Sec.  39.  No  wmrkman  or  other  person  shall  know- 
ingly injure  a water-gauge,  barometer,  air-course,  brattice, 
equipment  or  machinery,  obstruct  or  throw  open  any  air  way, 
disturb  any  part  of  the  machinery  connected  with  the  mine; 
open  a door  of  a mine  and  neglect  to  close  it,  endanger 
the  mine  or  those  working  therein;  disobey  any  order  given 
in  pursuance  of  law,  or  do  a wilful  act  whereby  the  life 
of  persons  working  therein  or  the  security  of  the  mine  or 
the  machinery  connected  therewith  may  be  endangered;  and 
it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  wrorkman  or  person  to  place 
any  refuse  material  or  any  obstruction  in  any  part  of  the 
air-course  or  any  part  of  the  breakthrough,  entries  or  rooms 
other  than  as  by  this  act  provided. 

Blasting  in  Mines. 

(94)  Sec.  40.  When  the  time  for  blasting  arrives,  blast- 
ing shall  be  in  rotation,  beginning  at  the  innermost  working 
place  in  each  entry.  Immediately  upon  lighting  blast,  miners 
must  notify  the  succeeding  miners  by  shouting  the  word 
“fire.” 

Riding  Loaded  Cars. 

(95)  Sec.  41.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  employe,  ex- 
cept employes  in  charge  of  such  trip,  to  ride  on  any  loaded 
trip  of  cars. 

Intoxicants. 

(96)  Sec.  42.  No  person  shall  go  into,  at,  or  around  a 
mine,  or  the  buildings,  tracks  or  machinery  connected  there- 
with, while  under  the  influence  of  intoxicants.  No  person 
shall  use,  carry  or  have  in  his  possession,  at,  in,  or  around  a 
mine,  or  the  buildings,  tracks  or  machinery  connected  there- 
with, any  intoxicants. 

Shall  Prop  Roof,  Etc. 

(97)  Sec.  43.  Each  miner,  or  other  person  employed  in 
Hie  mine,  shall  securely  prop  the  roof  of  the  working  place 
1 herein  under  his  control,  and  shall  obey  any  reasonable 
order,  or  orders,  given  by  the  superintendent  or  mine  fore- 
man relating  to  the  security  of  the  mine  in  the  part  thereof 


LABOR  LAWS. 


43 


where  he  is  at  work.  Such  miner  or  other  person,  shall  not 
be  held  to  have  violated  the  provisions  of  this  clause  if  the 
owner,  lessee  or  agent  fails  to  supply  the  necessary  props, 
caps  and  timbers  as  provided  for  in  this  act. 

Shall  not  Waste  Props,  Etc. 

(98)  Sec.  44.  Each  miner,  or  other  person  shall  avoid 
waste  of  props,  caps,  timber  or  other  material.  When  he 
has  props,  caps,  timber  or  other  material  unsuited  for  his 
purpose,  he  shall  not  cover  up  or  destroy  same,  but  shall 
place  it  near  the  track  where  it  can  be  readily  seen,  and  it 
must  immediately  be  removed  by  the  operator  upon  request 
of  the  miner. 


Intent  to  Defraud. 

(99)  Sec.  45.  Xo  person  shall  erase  or  change  a mark 
of  reference  or  monument  made  in  connection  with  measure- 
ments; change  the  checks  or  cars;  wrongfully  check  a car, 
or  do  any  act  with  intent  to  defraud,  and  operator  shall 
place  stamp  mark  at  end  of  each  measurement  in  narrow 
work. 


Sanitary  Conditions. 

(100)  Sec.  4G.  For  the  purpose  of  observing  the  best  san- 
itary conditions  possible  in  the  mines  of  this  state,  no  em- 
ploye therein  shall  use  any  portion  of  the  mine  excavations 
as  a water  closet  that  is  not  at  least  twenty-five  feet  from 
any  air  current. 

Penalty. 

(101)  Sec.  47.  Any  person,  firm  or  corporation  violating 
any  of  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  guilty  of  a mis- 
demeanor, and  upon  conviction  shall  be  fined  not  less  than 
ten  dollars  nor  more  than  one  hundred  dollars,  or  be  im- 
prisoned in  the  county  jail  not  exceeding  thirty  days,  or 
both  at  the  discretion  of  the  court. 


Sec.  48  repeals  “all  acts  or  part9  of  acts  inconsistent  with  this  act1 


44 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Inspector 
of  mines, 
election  of. 


Supervisors 
to  appoint. 


Term  of  office. 


Governor  to 
fill  vacancies. 


An  Act  to  provide  for  the  election  of  inspectors  of  mines  in  certain 
cases  and  the  appointment  of  their  deputies,  for  the  appointment 
of  such  inspectors  of  mines  and  their  .deputies  until  the  election 
and  qualification  of  the  first  inspectors  of  mines,  to  prescribe  their 
powers  and  duties  and  to  provide  for  their  compensation,  and  to 
repeal  act  number  two.  hundred  thirteen  of  the  public  acts  of 
eighteen  hundred  eighty-seven. 

[Act  163,  P.  A.  1911.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(102)  Section  1.  There  shall  be  elected  at  the  general 
election  in  the  year  nineteen  hundred'  twelve,  and  at  every 
general  election  thereafter  an  inspector  of  mines  for  the 
term  of  two  years  in  any  county  within  this  state  where 
there  are  iron  or  copper  mines  situated  and  working,  some 
suitable  person  who  is  a citizen  of  this  state,  who  can  read 
and  write  the  English  language,  and  who  has  had  at  least 
ten  years’  actual  experience  in  mining,  timbering  and  general 
underground  work,  or  a person  holding  the  degree  of  mining 
engineer,  or  an  equivalent  degree,  and  who  shall  have  prac- 
ticed his  profession  as  such  engineer  for  at  least  two  years. 

(103)  Sec.  2.  Until  the  election  and  qualification  of  the 
first  inspector  of  mines  to  be  elected  as  provided  by  this  act, 
the  inspector  of  mines  and  the  deputy  inspectors  heretofore 
appointed  by  any  board  of  supervisors  shall  continue  to 
serve  until  their  terms  of  office  have  expired,  and  such  board 
of  supervisors  where  there  are  iron  or  copper  mines  situated 
and  working  is  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  appoint 
their  successors  and  to  remove  the  same  or  any  one  thereof 
whenever  in  its  judgment  the  best  interests  of  owners  and 
employes  may  so  require,  and  to  fill  vacancies  arising  from 
any  other  cause  than  removal,  but  no  such  inspectors  of 
mines  or  deputy  inspectors  appointed  by  or  serving  under 
any  appointment  of  any  board  of  supervisors  shall  hold  office 
beyond  the  first  day  of  January  succeeding  the  election  of 
the  first  inspectors  of  mines  to  be  elected  as  provided  by  this 
act.  Such  inspectors  of  mines  and  deputy  inspectors  hereto- 
fore appointed  or  to  be  appointed  by  any  board  of  supervis- 
ors, shall  perform  all  of  the  duties  of  inspector  of  mines  and 
deputy  inspectors  of  mines  until  the  election  and  qualifica- 
tion of  the  first  inspectors  of  mines  to  be  elected  as  herein 
provided. 

(104)  Sec.  3.  The  regular  terms  of  office  of  the  inspect- 
ors of  mines  to  be  so  elected  shall  commence  on  the  first  day 
of  January  succeeding  their  election. 

(105)  Sec.  4.  In  case  of  any  vacancy  in  the  office  of  the 
inspector  of  mines,  the  governor  shall  by  writing  under  his 
hand  appoint  some  suitable  person  who  is  possessed  of  the 
same  qualifications  as  the  officers  provided  for  in  section  one, 


LABOR  LAWS. 


45 


to  perform  for  the  time  being  the  duties  required  by  law  to 
be  performed  by  such  inspector. 

(106)  Sec.  5.  The  inspector  of  mines  when  so  elected  Bonds, 
shall  give  bonds  in  the  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars,  with 
good  and  sufficient  sureties  to  be  approved  by  the  circuit 
judge  or  judge  of  probate  of  the  county  in  which  such  in- 
spector shall  be  elected  for  the  faithful  performance  of  his 
duties,  which  said  bond  shall  be  payable  to  the  people  of  this 
state  and  shall  be  filed  with  the  clerk  of  the  county  where  he 

is  so  elected. 

(107)  Sec.  6.  The  inspector  of  mines  when  so  elected  Deputy 
may  appoint  one  or  more  deputy  inspectors,  not  exceeding  inspectors- 
three,  as  in  his  judgment  may  be  necessary  for  the  purpose 

of  discharging  the  duties  hereinafter  prescribed,  and  may 
revoke  such  appointments  at  his  pleasure.  Any  and  all  such 
deputy  inspectors  in  any  county  shall  be  under  the  supervi- 
sion of  the  inspector  of  mines,  and  their  duties  shall  be 
prescribed  by  him. 

(108)  Sec.  7.  The  board  of  supervisors  in  each  county  compensation, 
where  an  inspector  of  mines  is  so  elected  or  appointed  shall 

fix  the  compensation  of  such  inspector  and  his  deputy  or 
deputies,  and  provide  for  the  pa3rment  of  the  same:  Pro-  Proviso, 

vided,  That  the  compensation  of  the  inspector  of  mines  shall 
not  be  less  than  five  dollars  per  day,  and  that  of  the  deputy 
inspectors  shall  not  be  less  than  three  dollars  and  fifty  cents 
per  day  for  each  day  actually  employed  in  the  performance 
of  their  official  duties. 

(109)  Sec.  8.  The  duties  of  the  mine  inspector  shall  be  Duties, 
to  visit  all  the  working  mines  of  his  county  once  in  every 
sixty  days,  and  oftener  if  in  his  judgment  necessary,  and 
closely  inspect  the  mines  so  visited,  and  condemn  all  such 
places  where  he  shall  find  that  the  employes  are  in  danger 
from  any  cause,  whether  resulting  from  careless  mining  or 
defective  machinery  or  appliances  or  improper  or  unsafe 
methods  of  any  nature;  he  shall  compel  the  erection  of  a 
partition  between  all  shafts  where,  hoisting  of  ore  is  per- 
formed and  where  there  are  ladder  ways,  where  men  must  as- 
cend and  descend  going  to  and  from  their  work.  In  case  the  when  to  order 
mine  inspector  shall  find  that  a place  is  dangerous  from  any  work!°  quit 
cause  as  aforesaid,  it  shall  be  his  duty  immediately  to  order 

the  men  engaged  in  work  at  the  said  place  to  quit  work,  and  he 
shall  notify  the  superintendent,  agent  or  person  in  charge 
to  secure  the  place  from  the  existing  danger,  which  said 
notification  or  order  shall  be  in  writing  and  shall  clearly 
define  the  limits  of  the  dangerous  place  and  specify  the  work 
to  be  done  or  change  to  be  made  to  render  the  same  secure, 
ordinary  mine  risks  excepted.  It  shall  also  be  the  duty  of  To  order 
the  mine  inspector  to  command  the  person,  persons  or  corpo-  safesuards- 
ration  working  any  mine,  oi  the  agent,  superintendent,  fore- 
man or  other  person  having  immediate  chaige  of  the  work- 
ing of  any  mine,  to  furnish  all  shafts  and  open  pits  of  such 


46 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Proviso, 
protection  of 
abandoned 
mines. 


Notice. 


When  mine 
inspector  to 
erect  railings, 
etc. 


Expenses, 
how  paid. 


Assessment 
of  tax  for 
expenses. 


mine  with  some  secure  safeguard  at  the  top  of  the  shaft 
or  open  pit  so  as  to  guard  against  accident  by  per- 
sons falling  therein  or  by  material  falling  down  the 
same,  also  a covering  on  all  the  carriages  on  which 
persons  ascend  or  descend  up  and  down  the  shaft,  if  in  his 
judgment  it  shall  be  practicable  and  necessary  for  the  pur- 
pose of  safety:  Provided,  That  when  any  mine  is  idle  or 

abandoned  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  mine  inspector  to  notify 
the  person,  persons  or  corporation  owning  the  land  on  which 
any  such  mine  is  situated,  or  the  agent  of  such  owner  or 
owners,  to  erect  and  maintain  around  all  the  shafts  and  open 
pits  of  snch  mine  a fence  or  railing  suitable  to  prevent  per- 
sons or  domestic  animals  from  accidentally  falling  into  said 
shafts  or  open  pits.  Said  notice  shall  be  in  writing  and  shall 
be  served  upon  such  owner,  owners  or  agent,  personally  or 
by  leaving  a copy  at  the  residence  of  any  such  owner  or 
agent,  if  they  or  any  of  them  reside  in  the  county 
where  such  mine  is  situated,  and  if  such  owner,  own- 
ers or  agents  are  none  of  them  residents  of  the  county 
such  notice  may  be  given  by  publishing  the  same  in  one  or 
more  newspapers  printed  and  circulated  in  said  county  if 
there  be  one,  and  by  registered  letter,  and  if  no  newspaper 
be  published  in  said  county  then  in  a newspaper  published 
in  some  adjoining  county  for  a period  of  three  consecutive 
weeks.  If  such  owner,  owners  or  agent  shall  not,  within 
thirty  days  after  receiving  such  notice  or  within  thirty  days 
after  the  completion  of  said  publication,  erect  such  suitable 
fences  or  railings  as  above  provided,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of 
the  mine  inspector  to  cause  such  suitable  fences  or  railings 
to  be  erected  and  to  make  a return  of  his  doings  in  the  case, 
with  the  description  of  the  land  or  lands  on  which  such 
shafts  and  open  pits  are  located,  together  with  an  itemized 
statement  of  the  actual  expenses  incurred  in  such  case  on 
each  description  of  land,  to  the  county  clerk  of  the  county, 
which  return  and  statement  shall  be  verified  by  the  affidavit 
of  the  mine  inspector.  All  expenses  incurred  under  the  pro- 
visions of  this  section  shall  be  audited  by  the  board  of  super- 
visors of  the  county,  and  all  sums  allowed  by  such  board  for 
such  expenses  shall  be  paid  from  the  general  fund  of  the 
county.  The  county  clerk  shall  certify  to  the  board  of  super- 
visors at  its  annual  meeting  in  each  year  the  amount  of 
expense  incurred  under  the  provisions  of  this  section  during 
the  preceding  year  and  the  amount  belonging  to  each  and 
every  description  of  land  on  which  any  such  mines  are  situ- 
ated, and  said  amount  shall  be  certified  to  the  supervisors  of 
the  proper  townships  in  the  same  manner  as  county  taxes 
are  certified  to  said  supervisors,  and  the  amount  of  the  ex- 
pense incurred  as  above  on  each  description  shall  be  assessed 
by  said  supervisors  upon  the  said  description  upon  their  as- 
sessment rolls  for  that  year  in  a separate  column,  and  shall 


LABOR  LAWS. 


47 


be  collected  in  the  same  manner  as  county  taxes,  and  when 
so  collected  paid  into  the  general  fund  of  the  county. 

(110)  Sec.  9.  If  any  man  or  men  are  allowed  to  continue  Liability 
work  in  any  place  condemned  by  the  mine  inspector,  except  of  corP°ratlon- 
to  do  the  work  required  to  be  done  to  insure  safety  before 

said  place  has  received  the  necessary  changes  to  secure  the 
safety,  ordinary  risks  of  mining  excepted,  of  the  laborers  en- 
gaged therein,  the  person,  persons  or  corporation  operating 
said  mine  shall  be  liable  for  all  accidents  causing  injuries 
or  death  to  employes  working  in  or  about  such  place,  until 
the  order  referred  to  in  the  preceding  section  shall  have  been 
complied  with  or  revoked. 

(111)  Sec.  10.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  person,  persons  Duty  of 
or  corporation,  or  the  superintendents  or  agents  of  the  same,  £tc??0w!fe1r^n, 
when  the  mine  inspector  arrives  at  any  mine  on  his  official  by 
business,  to  furnish  for  his  inspection  all  maps,  drawings  and 

plans  of  the  mine,  together  with  plans  of  all  contemplated 
changes  in  the  manner  of  working  the  mine  or  any  part 
thereof;  to  furnish  him  with  such  suitable  person  or  persons 
as  he  may  desire  to  accompany  him  through  the  mine  or  any 
part  thereof;  and  also  to  furnish  him  with  suitable  ladders 
and  other  necessary  appliances  to  make  a proper  inspection; 
and  should  they  or  any  of  them  neglect  or  refuse  to  comply 
with  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  section,  such  refusal  or 
neglect  shall  be  punished  by  a fine  of  not  less  than  one  hun- 
dred nor  more  than  five  hundred  'dollars  for  each  and  every 
offense. 

(112)  Sec.  11.  The  salaries  for  the  mine  inspector,  and  salaries  and 
the  assistants  so  elected  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  treasury  mileage' 

of  the  county  in  which  they  serve  on  vouchers  similar  to 
those  used  by  other  county  officials,  and  in  addition  thereto 
they  shall  be  entitled  to  mileage  at  the  rate  of  four  cents 
per  mile  for  the  actual  distance  traveled  while  on  official 
business. 

Am.  1913,  Act  158. 

(113)  Sec.  12.  When  any  person  working  in  any  mine  inspection, 
or  place  where  mining  is  done  shall  notify  the  mine  in-whenmade' 
spector  or  deputy  inspector  either  verbally  or  in  writing 

that  the  services  of  the  mine  inspector  are  needed,  he  shall 
immediately  make  inspection,  or  send  any  one  of  his  assist- 
ants to  do  so.  Such  notice  shall  be  forever  privileged  in 
any  court  either  civil  or  criminal.  Any  inspector  or  deputy 
inspector  who  shall  divulge  the  name  of  any  person  or  per- 
sons giving  any  such  notice  shall  be  punished  by  a fine  of  not 
less  than  one  hundred  nor  more  than  five  hundred  dollars. 

(114)  Sec.  13.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  each  of  the  in- Annual  report, 
spectors  of  mines  appointed  or  elected  under  this  act  to 

make  and  file  with  the  clerk  of  the  county  for  which  he  was 
appointed  or  elected,  at  least  ten  days  before  the  time  fixed 


48 


STATE  0F  MICHIGAN. 


What  to 
specify. 


Inspector, 

qualifications. 


Steam  vessels, 
etc.,  inspec- 
tion of. 


by  law  for  tlie  annual  autumn  meeting  of  the  board  of  super- 
visors, an  annual  report  with  a duplicate  copy  to  the  com- 
missioner of  labor  of  his  acts  and  proceedings  under  this 
act,  specifying  among  other  things  the  number  of  mine  acci- 
dents occurring  during  the  preceding  year  causing  either 
death  or  injury  to  persons,  giving  the  name  of  the  mine 
where  and  the  circumstances  surrounding  said  accidents,  and 
so  classifying  said  accidents  to  show  what  occurred  through 
the  fault  or  negligence  of  employers  and  those  occurring 
through  the  fault  or  negligence  of  employes,  and  giving  the 
results  of  inquests  if  any  have  been  held  in  case  of  accidents 
causing  death. 

Section  14  repeals  Act  213,  of  1887,  and  all  other  acts  and  parts  of  acts  in 
anywise  contravening  the  provisions  of  this  act. 


SECTION  II.— STEAM  VESSELS. 

An  Act  regulating  steam  vessels  and  vessels  operated  by  machinery, 
navigating  the  waters  within  the  jurisdiction  of  this  state,  except- 
ing vessels  which  are  subject  to  inspection  under  the  laws  of  the 
United  States,  and  providing  penalties  for  the  violation  hereof,  and 
to  declare  waters  navigated  by  such  vessels  public  and  navigable 
waters  of  the  state  of  Michigan,  (a) 

[Act  113,  P.  A.  1909.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(115)  Section  1.  The  commissioner  of  labor  shall  be 
charged  with  the  administration  of  the  provisions  of  this  act, 
shall  employ  an  inspector  who  shall  have  had  at  least  five 
years’  experience  as  a licensed  master  or  engineer  on  steam 
vessels  navigating  the  Great  Lakes  or  any  of  their  tributary 
waters,  and  who  shall  be  otherwise  properly  qualified  to 
enable  the  commissioner  of  labor  to  carry  said  provisions 
into  effect,  and  shall  exercise  supervision  over  him  in  the 
performance  of  his  duties. 

(116)  Sec.  2.  The  commissioner  of  labor  shall  annually 
or  oftener  ff  he  has  good  cause  to  believe  it  reasonable,  inspect 
or  cause  to  be  inspected  every  steam  vessel  or  other  vessel 
operated  by  machinery  engaged  in  carrying  passengers  for 
hire,  directly  or  indirectly,  excepting  vessels  which  are  sub- 
ject to  inspection  under  the  laws  of  the  United  States,  ex- 
amine carefully  her  hull,  boats  and  other  equipment,  ex- 
amine her  engine  and  boilers,  ascertain  how  long  it  will  be 
safe  to  use  the  same,  determine  the  pressure  of  steam  to  be 
allowed  and  so  regulate  the  fusible  plugs,  safety  valves  and 
steam  cocks  as  to  insure  safety,  and  he  may  require  such 
changes,  repairs  and  improvements  to  be  adopted  and  used 

(a)  Title  amended  1911,  Act  69. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


49 


as  he  may  deem  expedient  for  the  contemplated  route.  He 
shall  also  fix  the  number  of  passengers  that  may  be  trans- 
ported. He  shall  also,  whenever  he  deems  it  expedient,  visit 
any  vessel  licensed  under  this  act,  and  examine  into  her 
condition  for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining  whether  or  not  any 
party  thereon  having  a certificate  from  him  has  conformed 
to  and  obeyed  the  conditions  of  such  certificate  and  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act.  The  owner,  master,  pilot,  captain  or 
engineer  of  such  vessel  shall  answer  all  reasonable  questions, 
and  shall  give  all  the  information  in  his  or  their  power  in 
regard  to  said  vessel,  her  machinery  and  the  manner  of 
managing  the  same.  In  case  of  damage  by  fire  or  by  ex- 
plosion, collision  or  stranding,  or  by  means  of  an  electrical 
apparatus,  he  may  investigate  the  cause  thereof,  and  if  found 
by  him  to  have  been  occasioned  by  a violation  of  any  of 
the  provisions  of  this  act  or  of  the  orders,  regulations  and 
requirements  issued  by  him,  he  shall  so  certify  to  the  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  the  county  where  such  violation  occurred, 
together  with  the  names  of  the  persons  guilty  thereof  and 
the  witnesses.  All  waters  navigated  by  vessels  subject  to  the  waters 
provisions  of  this  act  are  hereby  declared  to  be  public  and  navi£able- 
navigable  waters,  subject  to  the  jurisdiction  of  the  state  of 
Michigan. 

Am.  1911,  Act  69. 

(117)  Sec.  3.  The  commissioner  shall  also  test  the  boilers  Boilers, 
of  all  steam  vessels  carrying  passengers  for  hire  before  the  testlDg  of- 
same  shall  be  used,  and  at  least  once  in  every  year  there- 
after. In  subjecting  to  the  hydrostatic  test  boilers  called  High  pressure, 
and  usually  known  under  the  designation  of  high  pressure 
boiler's,  the  hydrostatic  pressure  applied  must  be  in  propor- 
tion of  one  hundred  fifty  pounds  to  the  square  inch  to  one  hun- 
dred pounds  to  the  square  inch  of  the  steam  pressure  allowed. 

In  subjecting  to  the  hydrostatic  test  that  class  of  boilers  Low  pressure, 
usually  designated  and  known  as  low  pressure  boilers,  the 
commissioner  shall  allow  as  the  working  power  of  each  new 
boiler  a pressure  of  only  three-fourths  the  number  of  pounds 
to  the  square  inch,  to  which  it  shall  have  been  subjected  by 
the  hydrostatic  test  and  found  to  be  sufficient  therefor;  but 
should  said  commissioner  be  of  the  opinion  that  such  boiler 
by  reason  of  its  construction  or  material  will  not  safely 
allow  so  high  a working  pressure  he  may,  for  reasons  specific- 
ally stated  in  his  certificate,  fix  the  working  pressure  of 
such  boiler  at  less  than  three-fourths  of  said  test  pressure; 
and  no  boiler  or  pipe  or  any  of  the  connections  therewith  Bad 
shall  be  approved,  which  is  made  in  whole  or  in  part  of  bad  matena1- 
material  or  is  unsafe  in  its  form  or  dangerous  from  defective 
workmanship,  age,  use  or  other  cause.  In  addition  to  the  Hammer 
hydrostatic  test  as  herein  provided,  the  commissioner  may  test‘ 
cause  a hammer  test  to  be  made  and  an  internal  examination 
of  such  boiler  or  boilers  so  tested,  whenever  deemed  neces- 


7 


50 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Drilling  to 
test  thickness. 


Connections. 


Safety  valves. 


Gauge 
cocks,  etc. 


Naphtha, 
electric  or 
gasoline 
launches. 


Certificates, 
what  to 
contain. 


Where  kept. 


Passengers, 
number  of. 


sary.  Any  boiler  having  been  in  use  ten  years  or  more  may 
be  drilled  at  the  bottom  of  shell  or  boiler,  and  also  at  such 
other  points  as  the  inspectors  may  direct,  to  determine  the 
thickness  of  such  material  at  those  points,  and  the  general 
condition  of  such  boiler  or  boilers  at  the  time  of  inspection 
and  the  steam  pressure  allowed  shall  be  determined  by  such 
ascertained  thickness  and  general  condition  of  the  boiler.  He 
shall  also  see  that  all  connections  to  the  said  boiler  or  engines 
are  of  suitable  material,  size  and  construction,  and  that  the 
boiler,  machinery  and  appurtenances  are  such  as  may  be  em- 
ployed with  safety  in  the  sendee  to  be  performed.  He  shall 
also  satisfy  himself  that  the  safety  valves  are  of  suitable 
dimensions  and  that  the  weights  of  the  same  are  properly 
adjusted  so  as  to  allow  no  greater  pressure  than  the  maxi- 
mum amount  prescribed  by  him,  and  that  there  is  a sufficient 
number  of  gauge  cocks,  properly  attached  to  the  boiler  so  as 
to  indicate  the  quantity  of  water  therein,  and  suitable  steam 
gauges  to  correctly  show  the  amount  of  steam  carried,  and 
as  to  any  other  matter  connected  w ith  such  steam  vessel  or 
the  machinery  thereof  that  to  said  commissioner  shall  seem 
necessary  to  the  safety  of  her  passengers  and  crew,  and  he 
shall  make  such  inspection,  examination  and  test  of  naphtha 
launches  and  electric  or  gasoline  launches  and  their  apparatus 
and  machinery  as  will  enable  him  to  determine  whether  they 
can  safely  be  used  in  navigation. 

(118)  Sec.  4.  The  commissioner,  if  satisfied  that  such 
vessel  is  in  all  respects  safe  and  conforms  to  the  require- 
ments of  this  act,  shall  make  and  subscribe  duplicate  certifi- 
cates, setting  forth  the  age  of  the  vessel,  the  length,  breadth 
and  depth,  the  date  of  the  inspection,  the  name  of  the  vessel, 
the  name  of  the  owner,  the  master,  the  number  of  licensed 
officers  and  crew7  wThich  he  deems  necessary  to  manage  the 
vessel  with  safety,  the  number  of  boats  and  life  preservers  re- 
quired and  the  number  of  passengers  that  she  can  safely 
carry,  and  if  a steam  vessel,  the  age  of  the  boiler  and  the 
pressure  of  steam  she  is  authorized  to  carry.  One  of  such 
certificates  shall  be  kept  posted  in  some  conspicuous  place 
on  the  vessel  if  practicable,  or  kept  in  some  convenient  place 
on  the  vessel  to  be  designated  by  the  commissioner  in  the 
certificate,  accessible  to  any  one  demanding  it,  and  the  other 
copy  shall  be  kept  by  the  commissioner  and  by  him  recorded 
in  a book  to  be  kept  for  that  purpose.  If  the  commissioner 
refuse  to  grant  a certificate  of  approval,  he  shall  make  a 
statement  in  waiting,  giving  his  reasons  for  such  refusal, 
and  deliver  the  same  to  the  owrner  or  master  of  the  vessel. 

Am.  1011,  Act  G9. 

(119)  Sec.  5.  No  greater  number  of  passengers  shall  be 
transported  upon  any  licensed  steam  vessel  or  other  vessel 
included  wdthin  the  provisions  of  this  act  than  the  number 
allowed  in  the  certificate  of  such  vessel. 


Am.  Id. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


51 


(120)  Sec.  6.  All  steamboats  and  other  vessels  to  which  shielding 
this  act  is  applicable  shall  hereafter  be  so  constructed  that  Sb^bSffiS. 
the  woodwork  about  the  boilers,  chimneys,  fire-boxes,  cook- 
houses, stove  and  steam  pipes  or  any  machinery  or  apparatus 
involving  danger  of  fire,  where  such  woodwork  is  exposed  to 
ignition  shall  be  so  shielded  by  some  incombustible  material 

that  the  air  may  circulate  freely  between  such  material  and 
woodwork  or  other  ignitable  substances,  and  before  granting 
a certificate  of  inspection  the  commissioner  shall  require  that 
all  other  necessary  provisions  be  made  throughout  such  ves- 
sel as  he  may  judge  expedient  to  guard  against  loss  or  dam- 
age by  fire. 

(121)  Sec.  7.  Every  vessel  engaged  in  carrying  passen- stairways,  etc. 
gers  for  hire  shall  be  provided  with  permanent  stairways  and 

other  sufficient  means  convenient  for  passing  from  one  deck 
to  the  other,  with  gangways  large  enough  to  allow  persons 
freely  to  pass,  which  shall  be  open  fore  and  aft  of  the  length 
of  the  vessel,  and  to  and  along  the  guards,  and  shall  be  kept 
unobstructed. 

Am.  1911,  Act  69. 

(122)  Sec.  8.  From  and  after  the  passage  of  this  act  the  Navigation 
following  rules  shall  be  observed  in  navigating  all  steam  rules* 
vessels  when  under  steam  and  all  boats  propelled  by 
machinery  on  the  waters  within  the  jurisdiction  of  the  state, 
excepting  the  waters  which  are  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the 
United  States: 

First,  When  two  steamboats  are  meeting  end  on,  or  Meeting 
nearly  end  on,  so  as  to  involve  risk  of  collision,  each  shall  endon- 
alter  her  course  to  starboard,  so  that  each  may  pass  on  the 
port  side  of  the  other  after  exchanging  signals  of  one  blast 
of  the  whistle; 

Second,  When  two  steam  vessels  are  crossing  so  as  to  in-  Two  vessels 
volve  risk  of  collision,  the  vessel  which  has  the  other  on  her  crossins- 
own  starboard  side  shall  keep  out  of  the  way  of  the  other; 

Third,  When  a steam  vessel  and  a sailing  vessel  are  -proceed-  sailing 
ing  in  such  directions  as  to  involve  risk  of  collision,  the  keep6co™Se. 
steam  vessel  shall  keep  out  of  the  way  of  the  sailing  vessel; 

Fourth,  When  by  any  of  these  rules  one  of  two  vessels  is  idem, 
to  keep  out  of  the  way  the  other  shall  keep  her  course  and 
speed ; 

Fifth,  Every  vessel  under  steam  when  approaching  another  slack  speed 
steamboat  or  small  boat  or  vessel  of  any  kind  so  as  to  involve  approaching, 
the  risk  of  collision,  shall  slacken  her  speed,  or  if  necessary 
shall  stop  and  reverse  her  engine,  and  every  vessel  under  Fogs, 
steam  shall  when  in  a fog  go  at  a moderate  speed; 

Sixth,  Any  steam  vessel  overtaking  another  steam  vessel  steam  vessel 
shall  keep  out  of  the  way  of  the  last  mentioned  steam  vessel ; another!ng 

Seventh,  When  two  steam  vessels  are  going  in  the  same  signals  when 

' o o passing 

direction  the  stern  steam  vessel  wishing  to  pass  the  other  shall 
signal  the  forward  steam  vessel  of  her  intention  to  pass  on 


52 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Steamboats 
approaching 
each  other. 


When  may 
pass  to  the 
left. 


When  pilot 
fails  to 
understand 
course,  etc. 


Duty  of  pilot 
in  fog  or 
thick 
weather. 


Signals  of 
distress. 


Regard  in 
construing 
provisions. 


Steam  or 
sailing 
vessels, 
what 

considered. 


Vessels  to  have 
whistle. 


Act  not  to  ex- 
tend to  certain 
boats. 


the  port  side  by  two  distinct  whistles,  and  to  pass  on  her 
starboard  side  by  one  distinct  whistle  which  shall  be 
answered  by  the  forward  steam  vessel  with  the  same  number 
of  whistles,  and  the  forward  steam  vessel  shall  keep  on  her 
course  as  though  no  signal  had  been  given ; 

Eighth,  Steamboats  approaching  each  other  shall,  at  not 
less  than  one  hundred  yards  distance  between  each  other, 
give  a signal  with  one  loud  distinct  whistle; 

Ninth,  When  two  steamboats  are  approaching  each  other, 
and,  if  the  course  of  such  steamboats  is  so  far  on  the  star- 
board side  of  each  as  not  to  be  considered  by  the  pilots  as 
meeting  end  on  or  nearly  so,  or  if  the  steamboats  are  ap- 
proaching each  other  in  such  manner  that  passing  to  the 
right  as  in  rule  one  is  deemed  unsafe  by  the  pilot  of  either 
steamboat,  the  pilot  so  first  deciding  shall  give  two  short  and 
distinct  blasts  on  his  steam. whistle,  which  the  pilot  of  the 
other  steamboat  shall  answer  promptly  by  two  blasts  of  his 
steam  whistle,  and  they  shall  pass  to  the  left  on  the  starboard 
side  of  each  other; 

Tenth,  When  two  steamboats  are  approaching  each  other 
and  the  pilot  of  either  steamboat  fails  to  understand  the 
course  or  intention  of  the  other,  whether  from  the  signals 
being  given  or  answered  erroneously  or  from  other  cause,  the 
pilot  so  in  doubt  shall  immediately  signify  the  same  by  giving 
several  short  and  rapid  blasts  of  the  steam  whistle,  and  if  the 
boats  shall  have  approached  within  one  hundred  yards  of 
each  other,  both  shall  be  immediately  slowed  to  a speed 
barely  sufficient  for  steerage  way  until  the  proper  signals 
are  given,  answered  and  understood  or  until  the  boats  have 
passed  each  other; 

Eleventh,  WTien  a steamboat  is  running  in  a fog  or  thick 
weather  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  pilot  to  cause  a long  blast 
of  the  steam  whistle  to  be  sounded  at  intervals  not  exceeding 
one  minute; 

Twelfth,  Signals  of  distress  shall  be  four  distinct  blasts  of 
the  whistle  and  shall  be  recognized  by  the  master  of  any 
steamboat  hearing  the  same,  and  he  shall  render  such  assist- 
ance as  is  in  his  power; 

Thirteenth,  In  construing  these  provisions  due  regard  must 
be  had  to  all  the  dangers  of  navigation  and  to  any  special  cir- 
cumstances which  may  exist  rendering  a departure  therefrom 
necessary  in  order  to  avoid  immediate  danger; 

Fourteenth,  Every  steam  vessel  which  is  under  sail  and  not 
under  steam  is  to  be  considered  a sailing  vessel,  and  every 
vessel  under  steam  or  otherwise  propelled  by  machinery, 
whether  under  sail  or  not,  is  to  be  considered  a steam  vessel; 

Fifteenth,  Every  vessel  not  a steam  vessel  shall  be  provided 
with  a suitable  whistle  with  which  to  give  the  signals  provided 
for  in  this  section ; 

Sixteenth,  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  to  extend 
to  any  boat  or  lighter  not  being  masted,  or  if  masted  and  not 
decked,  employed  in  the  harbor  of  any  town  or  city; 


LABOR  LAWS. 


53 


Seventeenth,  All  steamboats  licensed  under  the  provisions 
of  this  act  shall  conform  to  and  obey  such  other  rules  and 
regulations  as  the  commissioner  may  prescribe,  not  incon- 
sistent herewith; 

Eighteenth,  The  commissioner  and  the  inspectors  provided 
for  in  this  act  are  authorized  to  make  further  rules  and  reg- 
ulations applying  generally  to  all  steamboats  or  especially  to 
one  or  more  of  them,  and  on  framing  rules  for  the  government 
of  managers  and  employes  of  boats,  the  commissioner  shall 
as  far  as  practicable  be  governed  by  the  general  rules  and 
regulations  prescribed  by  the  United  States  board  of  super- 
vising inspectors  of  steam  vessels; 

Nineteenth.  Every  steam  vessel  or  other  vessel  propelled  by 
machinery,  carrying  passengers  for  hire  on  the  waters  within 
the  jurisdiction  of  this  state,  shall  have  two  copies  of  this 
section  framed,  one  to  be  conveniently  placed  for  the  govern- 
ment of  the  pilot,  and  the  other  to  be  hung  in  a conspicuous 
place  on  the  boat  for  the  inspection  of  the  passengers. 

(123)  Sec.  9.  The  master  of  every  steamboat  or  vessel 
propelled  by  machinery  when  navigating  between  sunset  and 
sunrise,  shall  cause  the  same  to  carry  the  following  lights: 

First.  At  the  foremast  head  a bright  white  light  of  such 
a character  as  to  be  visible  on  a dark  night  with  a clear  at- 
mosphere at  a distance  of  at  least  two  miles;  and  be  so  con- 
structed as  to  show  a uniform  and  unbroken  light  over  an 
arc  of  the  horizon  of  twenty  points  of  the  compass,  and  to  be 
so  fixed  as  to  throw  the  light  ten  points  on  each  side  of  the 
vessel  from  right  ahead  to  two  points  abaft  the  beam  on 
either  side; 

Second.  On  the  starboard  side  a green  light  of  such  a char- 
acter as  to  be  visible  on  a dark  night  with  a clear  atmosphere 
at  a distance  of  at  least  two  miles;  and  be  so  constructed 
as  to  show  a uniform  and  unbroken  light  over  an  arc  of  the 
horizon  of  ten  points  of  the  compass,  and  to  be  so  fixed  as 
to  throw  the  light  from  right  ahead  to  two  points  abaft  the 
beam  on  the  starboard  side; 

Third.  On  the  port  side  a red  light  of  such  a character  as 
to  be  visible  on  a dark  night  with  a clear  atmosphere,  at  a 
distance  of  at  least  two  miles;  and  to  be  so  constructed  as  to 
show  a uniform  and  unbroken  light  over  an  arc  of  the  horizon 
of  ten  points  of  the  compass,  and  to  be  so  fixed  as  to  throw 
the  light  from  right  ahead  to  two  points  abaft  the  beam  on 
the  port  side.  The  green  and  red  lights  shall  be  fitted  with 
inboard  screens  projecting  at  least  thirty  inches  forward 
from  the  lights,  so  far  as  to  prevent  them  from  being  seen 
across  the  bow:  Provided.  That  boats  having  no  super- 

structure may  use  combination  lights; 

Fourth.  All  boats  not  propelled  by  machinery  shall  carry 
a white  light  visible  on  a dark  night  with  a clear  atmosphere 
over  the  entire  horizon  when  used  upon  waters  where  motor 
boats  are  being  used. 


Steamboats  to 
obey  rules,  etc. 


Commis- 
sioner, etc., 
may  make 
further  rules. 


Copies  of 

section 

framed. 


Lights. 


White  light. 


Green  light. 


Red  light. 


Proviso. 


Boats  not 
propelled  by 
machinery 


Am.  1011,  Act  69. 


54 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Steam  fire 
pumps  and 
nose. 


Ferry  boats, 
certain,  to 
carry  row 
boat. 


Two  row 
boats  with 
life  lines. 


One  life  boat 
and  one  row 
boat. 


Master  to 
exercise  and 
discipline 
crew. 


Life  preserver 
or  float  for 
each  passen- 
ger, etc. 

Buoyancy. 


Buckets  and 
axes. 


(124)  Sec.  10.  Every  steam  vessel  permitted  by  her  cer- 
tificate to  carry  two  hundred  passengers  or  upwards  shall  be 
provided  with  a good  steam  fire  pump  or  other  equivalent 
apparatus  for  throwing  water,  the  same  to  be  at  all  times  dur- 
ing the  navigation  of  such  vessel  kept  ready  for  immediate 
use,  having  at  least  one  hundred  feet  of  hose  of  suitable  size 
and  of  sufficient  strength  to  stand  a pressure  of  at  least 
seventy-five  pounds  to  the  square  inch. 

(125)  Sec.  11.  Every  ferry  boat  propelled  by  steam  or 
electricity  shall  be  provided  with  at  least  one  substantial 
boat  fifteen  feet  or  more  in  length,  properly  supplied  with  oars 
and  kept  tight  and  in  good  condition  at  all  times  and  so 
attached  to  such  ferry  boat  that  it  may  in  case  of  need  be 
launched  into  the  water  for  immediate  use.  Every  steamboat 
or  vessel  propelled  by  machinery  and  carrying  passengers  for 
hire,  directly  or  indirectly,  shall  be  provided,  if  of  the  meas- 
urement of  two  hundred  fifty  and  less  than  five  hundred  tons 
burden,  with  at  least  two  substantial  row  boats  with  life  lines 
attached  and  properly  supplied  with  oars  and  kept  tight  and 
in  good  condition  at  all  times,  and  so  attached  as  to  be  cap- 
able of  being  launched  into  the  water  for  immediate  use  in 
case  of  need;  and  if  of  the  measurement  of  five  hundred  tons 
or  more,  with  at  least  one  first-class  life  boat  and  one  row 
boat  twenty-five  feet  long  by  seven  wide,  capable  of  carrying 
or  supporting  fifty  persons  each,  and  at  least  one  row  boat 
of  the  usual  size  and  construction,  all  to  be  properly  supplied 
with  oars  and  kept  tight  and  in  good  condition  at  all  times 
and  so  attached  as  to  be  capable  of  being  launched  into  the 
water  for  immediate  use  in  case  of  need.  Every  such  vessel 
may  also  be  required  to  carry  such  other  boats  as  the  com- 
missioner on  account  of  the  route  or  the  number  of  passengers 
shall  deem  requisite,  and  the  master  of  such  vessel  shall  ex- 
ercise and  discipline  his  crew  in  the  launching,  use  and 
management  of  the  boat  until  they  become  skillful  boatmen. 

(126)  Sec.  12.  Every  steam  vessel  or  vessel  propelled  by 
machinery  used  in  the  transportation  of  passengers  for  hire 
shall  have  a life  preserver  or  life  float  for  each  passenger  she 
is  allowed  to  carry  and  for  each  member  of  her  crew.  At  least 
one-half  thereof  shall  he  life  preservers  of  a buoyancy  not  less 
than  eighteen  pounds,  and  the  other  half  or  part  thereof  may 
be  life  floats  to  be  constructed  of  dry  pine  plank  four  feet 
long,  two  inches  thick  and  twelve  inches  wide,  with  lines 
properly  attached  in  such  manner  as  to  be  convenient  for  use ; 
and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  commissioner  to  satisfactorily 
ascertain  that  every  life  preserver  and  such  life  floats  are  as 
herein  required.  Such  life  preservers  and  life  floats  shall  be 
kept  in  convenient  accessible  places  in  such  vessel  in  readiness 
for  immediate  use  in  case  of  accident,  and  the  places  where 
the  same  are  to  be  kept  shall  be  designated  in  the  commis- 
sioner’s certificate  and  also  pointed  out  by  printed  notices 
posted  in  such  places  as  the  commissioner  directs.  Every 
such  vessel  shall  carry  in  convenient  places  at  least  ten 


LABOR  LAWS. 


55 


buckets  with  dip  lines  attached,  and  three  axes  in  good  con- 
dition, but  the  inspectors  may  if  they  deem  it  necessary  or 
proper  require  a larger,  or  in  case  of  very  small  vessels,  per- 
mit a smaller  number  of  buckets  and  axes. 

(127)  Sec.  13.  Whoever  intentionally  loads  or  obstructs 
or  causes  to  be  loaded  or  obstructed  in  any  way  the  safety 
valve  of  the  boiler,  or  employs  any  other  means  or  device 
whereby  the  boiler  may  be  subjected  to  a greater  pressure 
than  the  amount  allowed  by  the  commissioner’s  certificate,  or 
intentionally  deranges  or  hinders  the  operation  of  any  ma- 
chinery or  device  employed  to  denote  the  stage  of  the  water 
or  steam  in  any  boiler,  or  to  give  warning  of  any  approach- 
ing danger,  or  intentionally  permits  the  water  to  fall  below 
the  prescribed  low  water  limit  of  the  boiler,  shall  be  guilty 
of  a misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  be  pun- 
ished by  a fine  of  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars,  or  by 
imprisonment  for  a term  of  not  exceeding  three  years,  or  both 
in  the  discretion  of  the  court  having  jurisdiction.  If  in  the 
opinion  of  the  commissioner  of  labor  or  inspector  it  is  neces- 
sary to  do  so,  the  safety  valve  may  be  taken  wholly  from  the 
control  of  all  persons  engaged  in  navigating  such  vessel  and 
secured  at  the  expense  of  the  owner  of  the  vessel  by  the  com- 
missioner. 

Am.  1911,  Act  GO. 

(128)  Sec.  14.  Every  person  employed  as  master,  pilot 
or  engineer  on  board  of  a steam  vessel  or  a vessel  propelled 
by  machinery,  carrying  passengers  for  hire  shall,  unless  hold- 
ing a license  issued  by  a United  States  board  of  inspectors  cov- 
ering the  class  of  vessels  on  which  he  is  employed,  be  examined 
by  the  commissioner  as  to  his  qualifications,  and  if  satisfied 
therewith  he  shall  grant  him  a license  for  the  term  of  one 
year  for  such  boat,  boats  or  class  of  boats  as  said  commis- 
sioner may  specify  in  such  license.  In  a proper  case  the 
license  may  permit  and  specify  that  the  master  may  act  as 
pilot,  and  in  case  of  small  vessels  also  as  engineer  and  pilot. 
The  license  shall  be  framed  under  glass  and  posted  in  some 
conspicuous  place  on  the  vessel  on  which  he  may  act.  Where 
it  is  impracticable  to  keep  such  license  so  posted  it  shall  be 
kept  on  board  accessible  to  any  person  demanding  it.  Who- 
ever acts  as  master,  pilot  or  engineer,  without  having  first 
received  such  license,  or  upon  a boat  or  class  of  boats  not 
specified  in  his  license,  or  owner,  lessee  or  agent  employing 
him,  shall  be  liable  to  a penalty  of  fifty  dollars  for  each  day 
that  he  so  acts,  except  as  in  this  act  otherwise  specified,  and 
such  license  may  be  revoked  by  the  commissioner  for  intem- 
perance, incompetency  or  wilful  violation  of  duty. 

(129)  Sec.  15.  No  licensed  vessel  carrying  passengers  for 
hire  shall  be  allowed  to  use  in  lamps,  lanterns  or  other  lights 
on  such  vessel,  any  oil  which  will  not  stand  a fire  test  of  at 
least  one  hundred  twenty  degrees  Fahrenheit. 

(130)  Sec.  16.  Every  vessel  subject  to  the  provisions  of 
this  act  shall  have  her  name  and  the  port  to  which  she  belongs 


Misdemeanor, 
what  deemed. 


Penalty. 


Master,  pilot, 
etc.,  granting 
of  license  to. 


License, 
framing  and 
posting  of. 


Master,  etc., 

without 

license. 


Per  diem 
penalty. 


Oil  test  for 
lamps. 


Name,  etc., 
on  stern. 


56 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Receiving  and 

discharging 

passengers. 


Explosives, 
etc.,  not  to 
carry. 


Petroleum. 

Proviso. 

Petroleum 
for  fuel. 


Steam,  unsafe 
quantity. 


Penalty. 


Misdemeanor, 

penalty. 


painted  on  her  stern  on  a black  background  in  white,  yellow 
or  gilt  letters  or  on  a white  background  in  black,  yellow  or 
gilt  letters  of  not  less  than  three  inches  in  length.  The  com- 
missioner may,  however,  in  the  case  of  small  vessels,  permit 
such  names  to  be  placed  elsewhere  and  in  letters  of  less  length. 

Am.  1911,  Act  69. 

(131)  Sec.  17.  No  vessel  carrying  passengers  for  hire 
shall  receive  or  discharge  passengers  by  any  method  or  means 
whereby  any  risk  of  drowning  or  other  accident  might  be  in- 
curred, and  the  inspector  shall  prescribe  such  regulations, 
approved  by  the  commissioner  of  labor  as  will  make  the 
receiving  and  discharging  of  passengers  safe  and  convenient. 

(132)  Sec.  18.  No  loose  hay,  camphene,  nitroglycerine, 
naphtha,  benzine,  benzole,  coal  oil,  crude  petroleum  or  other 
like  explosives,  burning  fluids  or  dangerous  articles,  shall  be 
carried  as  freight  or  used  in  stoves  on  any  steamer  or  vessel 
licensed  to  carry  passengers  under  this  act,  except  that  re- 
fined petroleum  which  will  not  ignite  at  a temperature  of 
less  than  one  hundred  twenty  degrees  Fahrenheit  may  be 
carried  on  the  main  deck  of  any  vessel : Provided,  The  bar- 
rels or  cases  containing  such  oil  are  fully  provided  with  a 
tarpaulin.  Nothing  in  this  section  provided  shall  be  con- 
strued to  prevent  any  vessel  of  twenty  tons  burden  or  under 
which  uses  petroleum  for  fuel  from  carrying  sufficient 
petroleum  with  which  to  replenish  the  fires  and  properly 
equip  such  vessel  for  use;  said  petroleum  to  be  carried  in 
metal  cans  or  tanks,  which  shall  be  properly  protected  by  a 
covering  of  wood  or  other  substance  which  would  equally 
protect  from  accident,  and  be  approved  by  said  commissioner, 
and  to  be  conveyed  from  said  cans  or  tanks  to  said  fires 
through  metal  pipes. 

(133)  Sec.  19.  No  master,  engineer  or  other  person  hav- 
ing charge  of  the  boiler  or  apparatus  for  the  generation  of 
steam  of  any  steamboat  or  vessel  carrying  passengers  for 
hire,  shall  create  or  allow  to  be  created  any  undue  or  unsafe 
quantity  of  steam  in  order  to  increase  the  speed  of  such  boat 
or  to  excel  another  boat  in  speed.  Any  person  violating  the 
provisions  of  this  section  shall  be  guilty  of  a misdemeanor, 
and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  be  punished  by  a fine  of 
not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars,  or  by  imprisonment  for  a 
term  of  not  exceeding  three  years,  or  both  in  the  discretion 
of  the  court  having  jurisdiction. 

Am.  1911,  Act  69. 

(134)  Sec.  20.  Every  master,  engineer  or  pilot  who  shall 
violate  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  guilty  of  a 
misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  be  punished 
by  a fine  of  not  less  than  twenty-five  dollars  nor  more  than 
two  hundred  fifty  dollars,  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceed- 
ing one  year,  or  both  in  the  discretion  of  the  court  having 
jurisdiction,  unless  a different  penalty  is  prescribed. 


Am.  Id. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


57 


(135)  Sec.  21.  The  owner  of  every  steamboat  or  vessel  Responsibility 
shall  be  responsible  for  the  good  conduct  of  the  master  em-  of  owner* 
ployed  by  him,  and  if  any  peualty  incurred  by  such  master  is 

not  paid  by  him  and  cannot  be  collected  from  him  by  due 
course  of  law,  it  may  be  recovered  of  the  owner  or  owners 
jointly  or  severally  of  the  steamboat  or  vessel  in  whose  em- 
ploy he  was  at  the  time  of  the  incurring  of  such  penalty,  in 
the  same  manner  as  if  such  owner  or  owners  were  sureties 
of  such  master. 

(136)  Sec.  22.  The  master  of  every  vessel  carrying  pas-  Act.  posting 
sengers  for  hire  shall  keep  a copy  of  the  preceding  sections  of- 

of  this  act  posted  in  a conspicuous  place  on  such  vessel  for 
the  inspection  of  all  persons  on  board  thereof. 

Am.  1911,  Act  69. 

(137)  Sec.  23.  The  commissioner  shall,  on  or  before  the  Annual 
first  day  of  January  in  each  year,  make  a verified  report  to  commissioner, 
the  governor,  containing  a detailed  statement  of  the  names 

and  number  of  vessels  examined  and  licensed,  the  names  and 
number  of  vessels  to  which  licenses  were  refused  and  stating 
the  reasons  for  the  refusal,  the  names  and  number  of  persons 
examined  and  licensed,  the  names  and  number  to  whom 
licenses  were  refused  and  stating  the  reasons  therefor,  and 
may  include  in  such  report  any  other  information  he  may 
deem  desirable. 

(138)  Sec.  24.  All  steam  vessels,  naphtha,  gasoline  and  passenger 
electric  launches,  or  any  craft  propelled  by  machinery  carry- 

ing  passengers  for  hire  must  comply  with  all  the  terms  and  comply^ 
provisions  of  this  act,  and  with  all  orders,  regulations  and  v,lt  act 
requirements  of  the  commissioner.  If  any  such  vessel  is  navi-  Penalty, 
gated  without  complying  therewith,  except  as  herein  stated  or 
without  the  requisite  certificates  of  the  commissioner,  the 
owners  and  masters  shall  forfeit  to  the  state  of  Michigan  the 
penalties  prescribed  in  this  act,  and  the  vessel  so  navigated 
shall  also  be  liable  therefor  and  may  be  attached  and  pro- 
ceeded against  in  any  court  having  jurisdiction.  If  any  such  Licensed 
vessel  is  deprived  of  the  services  of  any  licensed  officer  with-  temporary 
out  the  consent,  fault  or  collusion  of  the  master,  owner  or  vacancv- 
any  person  interested  in  the  vessel,  the  deficiency  may  be 
temporarily  supplied  for  ten  days,  until  a licensed  officer  can 
be  obtained : Provided,  That  only  one  unlicensed  officer  Proviso, 

shall  be  so  employed  at  one  time  to  supply  such  deficiency. 

If  the  owner  or  master  of  any  vessel  shall,  at  least  twenty  when 
days  before  the  expiration  of  his  certificate,  notify  the  com-  conthfueln0 
missioner  of  such  expiration  and  request  a new  inspection  force, 
and  certificate,  the  certificate  then  expiring  shall  continue 
in  force  until  an  inspection  is  made  and  such  owners  and 
masters  are  not  liable  for  any  of  the  penalties  provided  in 
this  act  on  account  of  navigating  said  vessel  without  such 
new  certificate. 

(139)  Sec.  25.  For  each  inspection  provided  for  in  sec-  inspection 
tions  two  and  three  of  this  act  the  owner  or  master  of  each  fee' 


58 


STATE  OP  MICHIGAN. 


License. 


Proviso, 

exemptions. 

Fees, 

disposition  of. 


Inspector, 
per  diem, 
expenses,  etc. 


Inspector 

deputy 

commissioner. 


Altering  of 

license, 

penalty. 


Inspector, 
when  office 
forfeited. 


Stationery, 
etc.,  who  to 
procure. 


Search  lights, 
unlawful  to 
flash. 


Penalty. 


vessel  shall  pay  the  commissioner  of  labor  an  inspection  fee, 
which  shall  not  be  less  than  five  dollars  nor  more  than  twenty 
dollars,  to  be  fixed  by  the  commissioner  of  labor  with  refer- 
ence to  the  size  of  the  vessel  inspected,  which  size  shall  be 
ascertained  by  some  practical  method  adopted  by  the  com- 
missioner of  labor  for  the  use  of  the  inspector.  For  each 
license  issued  under  section  fourteen  of  this  act  the  person 
so  licensed  shall  pay  to  the  commissioner  of  labor  the  sum  of 
five  dollars:  Provided,  That  boats  of  twenty -five  feet  length 
or  less,  and  six  feet  beam  or  less  shall  be  exempt  from  the 
provisions  of  this  section.  All  of  the  fees  received  from  this 
source  shall  be  accounted  for  by  the  commissioner  of  labor  to 
the  state  treasurer,  and  credited  to  the  general  fund. 

(140)  Sec.  26.  The  inspector  provided  for  in  this  act 
shall  receive  six  dollars  per  diem  for  the  time  actually  en- 
gaged in  making  the  inspections  and  examinations  provided 
for  herein,  and  shall  be  paid  necessary  traveling  expenses 
when  making  such  inspections  and  conducting  such  examina- 
tions at  other  than  the  domicile  of  said  inspector,  to  be  paid 
out  of  the  general  fund  not  otherwise  appropriated,  upon 
vouchers  presented  to  the  auditor  general. 

(141)  Sec.  27.  Any  inspector  duly  employed  by  the  com- 
missioner of  labor  for  the  execution  of  any  of  the  provisions 
of  this  act  shall  be  deemed  to  be  a deputy  of  said  commis- 
sioner for  the  purposes  hereof. 

(142)  Sec.  28.  Every  master,  pilot,  engineer  or  operator 
licensed  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  who  shall  change, 
by  addition,  interpolation  or  erasures  of  any  kind,  any  cer- 
tificate or  license  issued  by  the  inspector  referred  to  in  this 
act,  shall  for  every  such  offense  upon  conviction  be  punished 
by  a fine  of  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars  or  by  imprison- 
ment for  a term  of  not  exceeding  three  years,  or  both  in  the 
discretion  of  the  court  having  jurisdiction. 

(143)  Sec.  29.  Any  inspector  who  upon  any  pretense 
receives  any  fee  or  reward  for  his  services,  except  that  which 
is  allowed  to  him  by  law,  shall  forfeit  his  office  and  be  other- 
wise punished  by  a fine  of  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars 
or  imprisonment  not  more  than  six  months,  or  both  in  the  dis- 
cretion of  the  court  having  jurisdiction. 

(144)  Sec.  30.  The  commissioner  of  labor  shall  procure 
for  the  inspectors  such  instruments,  stationery,  printing  and 
other  things  necessary  for  his  and  their  official  use  as  may  be 
required  therefor  under  this  act. 

(145)  Sec.  31.  Any  person  who  shall  flash  or  cause  to 
be  flashed  the  rays  of  a search  light  into  the  pilot  house  or 
into  the  eyes  of  the  master,  pilot,  engineer  or  operator  of  an 
approaching  or  passing  vessel,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a 
misdemeanor,  and  may,  if  he  be  a master,  pilot,  engineer  or 
operator  licensed  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  be  further 
liable  to  have  his  license  revoked  in  the  discretion  of  the 
court  having  jurisdiction  of  the  offense.  Search  lights  shall 
not  be  known  as  navigating  lights. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


59 


Am.  1911,  Act  69.  The  amendatory  act  of  1911  contains  a section  num- 
bered 31a  declaring  the  act  “immediately  necessary  for  the  protection  of 
the  public  safety.” 

(146)  Sec.  32.  Any  inspector  who  wilfully  certifies  False 
falsely  touching  any  vessel  under  the  jurisdiction  of  this  state  SpStor?  by 
as  to  her  hull,  accommodations,  boilers,  engines,  machinery  penalty. 

or  their  appurtenances  or  any  of  her  equipments,  or  any  mat- 
ter or  thing  contained  in  any  certificate  signed  by  him,  shall 
be  punished  by  a fine  of  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars 
or  imprisonment  for  not  more  than  six  months,  or  both  in  the 
discretion  of  the  court  having  jurisdiction  of  the  offense. 

(147)  Sec.  33.  Within  forty -eight  hours  after  a vessel  Accident, 
meets  with  an  accident  involving  a loss  of  life  or  damage  to  toPcommls- 
property,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner  or  the  licensed  sioner- 
officer  in  charge  of  such  vessel  to  prepare  a report  setting 

forth  the  details  of  the  casualty  and  swear  to  the  same  be- 
fore an  officer  authorized  to  administer  oaths  generally, 
which  report  shall  be  forwarded  by  mail  or  otherwise  to  the 
commissioner  of  labor  without  delay. 

(148)  Sec.  34.  The  inspector  shall  investigate  all  viola- inspector  to 
tions  of  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  for  such  purpose  shall  violations6 
have  the  power  and  is  hereby  authorized  to  subpoena  witnesses 

and  compel  their  attendance,  and  he  may  also  administer  all 
necessary  oaths  to  any  witnesses  thus  summoned. 

(149)  Sec.  35.  In  all  cases  where  the  issue  is  the  sus- Accused  may. 
pension  or  revocation  of  a license,  the  accused  shall  be  allowed  testlfy- 

to  appear  by  counsel  and  to  testify  in  his  own  behalf  before 
the  inspector. 

(150)  Sec.  36.  Whenever  the  inspector  refuses  to  grant  Refusal  to 

a license  to  any  person  applying  for  the  same,  or  suspends  |f?nt  llcense’ 
or  revokes  the  license  of  any  master,  engineer,  pilot  or  op- 
erator, any  person  deeming  himself  wronged  by  such  refusal, 
suspension  or  revocation,  may,  within  thirty  days  thereof 
on  application  to  the  commissioner  of  labor,  have  his  case 
examined  anew  by  such  commissioner;  and  the  inspector 
shall  furnish  to  the  commissioner  in  writing  the  reasons  for 
his  doings  in  the  premises;  and  such  commissioner  shall  ex-  Duty  of 
amine  the  case  anew,  and  he  shall  have  the  same  powers  to  commi9Sloner- 
summon  witnesses  and  compel  their  attendance  and  to  ad- 
minister oaths  that  are  conferred  on  the  inspector;  and  such 
witnesses  shall  be  paid  in  the  same  manner  as  provided  for 
by  section  thirty-seven  of  this  act;  and  such  commissioner 
may  revoke,  change  or  modify  the  decision  of  such  inspector;  May  modify 
and  like  proceedings  may  be  had  by  any  master  or  owner  of  declsion- 
any  vessel  herein  required  to  be  inspected  in  relation  to  the 
inspection  of  such  vessel  or  her  boilers,  machinery  or  other 
apparatus  by  such  inspector. 

(151)  Sec.  37.  The  state  treasurer  shall  pay  such  fees  Fees  of 

to  any  witness  summoned  as  provided  by  the  preceding  sec-  plymSa/etc. 
tion  for  his  actual  and  necessary  travel  and  attendance  as 
shall  be  officially  certified  to  upon  the  back  of  such  sum- 
mons by  the  inspector  or  commissioner  hearing  the  case,  not 


60 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Hotel  defined. 


Fire  escapes. 


Way  of  egress 
unobstructed. 


exceeding  the  rate  allowed  for  fees  and  to  witnesses  for  travel 
and  attendance  in  any  circuit  court  of  the  state. 


SECTION  III.— HOTELS. 

An  Act  relating  to  the  conduct  of  hotels,  inns  and  public  lodging 

houses. 

[Act  188,  P.  A.  1913.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(152)  Section  1.  Every  building  or  structure  kept,  used 
or  maintained  as,  or  held  out  to  the  public  to  be  an  inn, 
hotel  or  public  lodging  house,  shall,  for  the  purpose  of  this 
act,  be  defined  as  a hotel,  and  wherever  the  word  “hotel” 
shall  occur  in  this  act  it  shall  be  construed  to  mean  every 
such  structure  as  is  described  in  this  section. 

(153)  Sec.  2.  Every  hotel  that  is  more  than  two  stories 
high  shall  be  equipped  with  an  iron  fire  escape  on  the  outside 
of  the  building  connecting  on  each  floor,  above  the  first, 
with  at  least  two  openings,  which  shall  be  well  fastened  and 
secured  with  landings  not  less  than  six  feet  in  length  and 
three  feet  in  width,  guarded  by  an  iron  railing  not  less  than 
three  feet  in  height.  Such  landings  shall  be  connected  by 
iron  stairs  not  less  than  two  feet  wide  and  with  steps  of 
not  less  than  six  inch  tread  and  not  more  than  eight  inch 
rise,  placed  at  an  angle  of  not  more  than  forty-five  degrees 
and  protected  by  a well  secured  hand  rail  on  both  sides  and 
reaching  to  within  twelve  feet  of  the  ground,  with  a drop 
ladder  eighteen  inches  wide  reaching  from  the  lower  plat- 
form to  the  ground.  Such  fire  escapes  shall  be  sufficient 
if  a perpendicular  ladder  shall  be  used  instead  of  the  stairs, 
provided  such  iron  ladder  is  placed  at  the  extreme  outside 
of  the  platform  and  at  least  three  feet  away  from  the  wall 
of  the  building,  and  provided  said  ladder  is  equipped  with 
round  iron  rounds  not  more  than  fifteen  inches  apart,  ex- 
cept that  fire-proof  buildings  may  have  inside  fire  escapes 
placed  in  a well,  shaft,  or  opening  which  shall  be  built  of 
fire-proof  material  and  shut  off  from  the  remainder  of  the 
building  by  fire-proof,  tight  doors.  The  way  of  egress  to 
such  fire  escape  shall  at  all  times  be  kept  free  and  clear 
of  all  obstruction  of  any  and  every  nature.  Storm  windows 
and  storm  doors  shall  be  considered  an  obstruction  for  the 
purpose  of  this  act,  and  such  way  of  egress  shall  at  all 
times  be  kept  unlocked.  There  shall  be  posted  and  main- 
tained in  a conspicuous  place  in  each  hall  and  each  guest 
room,  except  the  halls  and  rooms  on  the  ground  floor,  of 
such  hotel,  a printed  notice  in  characters  not  less  than  two 


LABOR  LAWS. 


61 


inches  high  calling  attention  to  and  directing  the  way  to 
such  fire  escape. 

(154)  Sec.  3.  Each  and  every  hotel  shall  be  provided  with 
at  least  one  sufficient  chemical  fire  extinguisher  for  every 
twenty-five  hundred  square  feet  or  less  of  floor  area,  which 
such  extinguisher  or  extinguisher's  shall  be  placed  in  a con- 
venient location  in  a public  hallway  outside  of  the  sleeping 
rooms,  and  shall  always  be  in  condition  for  use. 

(155)  Sec.  4.  Every  hotel  that  is  not  over  two  stories  in 
height  and  which  is  not  provided  with  such  fire  escape  as  is 
described  in  section  two  hereof,  shall  provide  in  every  bed- 
room or  sleeping  apartment  on  the  second  floor  a manila 
rope  at  least  five  eighths  of  an  inch  in  diameter  and  knotted 
every  eighteen  inches,  and  of  sufficient  strength  to  sustain 
a weight  and  strain  of  at  least  five  hundred  pounds,  and 
of  sufficient  length  to  reach  the  ground.  Such  rope  shall 
be  securely  fastened  to  the  joists  or  studdings  of  the  build- 
ing as  near  the  windows  as  practicable,  and  shall  be  kept 
coiled  in  plain  sight  at  all  times,  nor  shall  such  rope  be 
covered  by  curtains  or  other  obstruction.  Every  such  hotel 
shall  provide  and  maintain  in  a conspicuous  place  in  every 
bedroom  or  sleeping  apartment  above  the  ground  floors,  a 
printed  notice  calling  attention  to  such  rope  and  giving  di- 
rections for  its  use. 

(156)  Sec.  5.  Even*  hotel  shall  be  well  drained  and  main- 
tained according  to  established  sanitary  principles;  shall  be 
kept  clean  and  in  a sanitary  condition  and  free  from  effluvia 
arising  from  any  sewer,  drain,  privy  or  other  source  within 
the  control  of  the  owner,  manager,  agent  or  other  person  in 
charge;  shall  be  provided  with  water  closets  or  privies  prop- 
erly screened  for  the  separate  use  of  males  and  females, 
which  water  closets  or  privies  shall  be  disinfected  as  often 
as  may  be  necessary  to  keep  them  at  all  times  in  a sanitary 
condition. 

(157)  Sec.  6.  Every  hotel  shall  have  and  provide  all 
toilet  rooms,  bath  rooms  and  sleeping  rooms  with  individual 
textile  towels.  Every  hotel  shall  have  and  provide  all  beds 
with  regulation  sheets,  not  less  than  ninety  inches  in  length. 
Such  beds  shall  also  be  provided  with  sufficient  number  of 
regulation  size  blankets  or  quilts  that  are  kept  in  a sanitary 
condition. 

(158)  Sec.  7.  Every  owner,  manager,  agent  or  person 
in  charge  of  a hotel,  who  shall  fail  to  comply  with  any  of 
the  provisions  of  this  act.  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a mis- 
demeanor. and  shall  be  fined  not  less  than  twenty-five  dol- 
lars nor  more  than  fifty  dollars,  or  shall  be  imprisoned  in  the 
county  jail  for  not  less  than  thirty  days  nor  more  than  sixty 
days,  or  both,  and  every  day  that  such  a hotel  is  carried  on 
in  violation  of  this  act  shall  constitute  a separate  offense. 

(159)  Sec.  8.  The  labor  commissioner,  dairy  and  food 
commissioner,  insurance  commissioner  and  the  executive 
officer  of  the  state  board  of  health  shall  constitute  a commis- 


Fire  extin- 
guishers. 


Buildings 
two  stories 
or  les3,  how 
equipped. 


Sanitation, 
drainage,  etc. 


Rooms,  how 
furnished. 


Violation, 

penalty. 


Power  of 
commission 


62 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


sion  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  into  effect  the  provisions  of 
this  act,  and  same  shall  be  delegated  with  the  power  to  adopt 
such  rules  and  regulations  as  conditions  may  require, 
inspectors.  (160)  Sec.  9.  Such  commission  shall  delegate  and  confer 
the  title  of  hotel  inspector  or  deputy  inspectors  upon  such 
men  now  operating  under  the  supervision  of  the  several  de- 
partments constituting  this  commission,  and  in  such  number 
as  the  lawful  enforcement  of  this  act  shall  justify. 

Duties.  (161)  Sec.  10.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  inspector  and 

his  deputies  to  see  that  all  of  the  provisions  of  this  act  are 
complied  with,  and  said  inspector  or  the  deputy  for  the  dis- 
trict shall  personally  inspect  at  least  once  each  year  and  at 
such  other  times  as  in  the  best  judgment  of  the  commission 
or  the  deputy  the  occasion  demands  as  defined  by  this  act. 
Power.  (162)  Sec.  11.  Said  inspector  and  his  deputies  are  hereby 

granted  police  power  to  enter  any  hotel  at  reasonable  hours 
to  determine  whether  the  provisions  of  this  act  are  being  com- 
plied with. 

Certmeate^ed  (163)  Sec.  12.  If  the  inspector  or  deputy  shall  find  after 

w ere  pos  t . examjnaflon  0f  aily  hotel  that  this  law  has  been  fully  com- 
plied with,  he  shall  issue  a certificate  to  that  effect  to  the 
person  operating  the  same,  and  said  certificate  shall  be  kept 
posted  up  in  a conspicuous  place  in  said  inspected  building. 
Such  certificate  shall  be  prepared  in  blank  by  said  commis- 
sion. 

False certifi-  (164)  Sec.  13.  Any  inspector  who  shall  wilfully  certify 

cation, penalty  fgjg^jy  regarding  any  building  inspected  by  him,  and  who 
shall  issue  a certificate  to  any  person  operating  in  any  hotel 
when  such  person  has  not  complied  with  the  provisions  of 
this  act,  shall  on  conviction  thereof  be  fined  not  less  than 
fifty  dollars  nor  to  exceed  one  hundred  dollars,  and  may  be 
imprisoned  not  to  exceed  ninety  days  in  the  county  jail,  or 
both  at  the  discretion  of  the  court,  and  upon  conviction  shall 
be  forever  disqualified  to  hold  said  office. 

Hindrance^  (165)  Sec.  14.  Any  owner,  manager,  agent  or  person  in 

penaityfon*  charge  of  a hotel,  who  shall  obstruct  or  hinder  an  inspector 
in  the  proper  discharge  of  his  duties  under  this  act,  shall  be 
guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof,  shall 
be  fined  not  less  than  twenty-five  dollars  nor  more  than 
fifty  dollars,  or  shall  be  imprisoned  in  the  county  jail  not 
less  than  thirty  days  nor  more  than  sixty  days,  or  both. 
Prosecutions.  (166)  Sec.  15.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  inspector,  upon 

ascertaining  by  inspection  or  otherwise,  that  after  sixty  days 
from  the  time  this  act  takes  effect,  any  hotel  is  being  carried 
on  contrary  to  its  provisions,  to  make  complaint  and  cause 
the  arrest  of  the  person  so  violating  the  same;  and  it  shall 
be  the  duty  of  the  prosecuting  attorney  in  such  cases  to 
prepare  all  necessary  papers  and  conduct  such  prosecutions. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


63 


CHAPTER  III. — RELATIONS  OF  EMPLOYERS  AND 

EMPLOYES. 

An  Act  to  prescribe  the  duties  and  liabilities  of  employers  and  em- 
ployes arising  from  the  offer  and  acceptance  of  inducements  for  the 
performance  of  labor  or  service  for  hire  at  some  point  away  from 
the  home  locality. 

[Act  106,  P.  A.  1903.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(167)  Section  1.  Any  person,  company  or  corporation, 

or  any  agent  or  officer  thereof  who  shall  induce  another  per- 
son, by  promise  of  wages  or  other  valuable  consideration,  to 
agree  to  work  for  the  person,  company  or  corporation  in 
whose  behalf  the  offer  of  inducements  is  made,  at  a point 
away  from  his  or  her  home  locality,  shall  specify  in  writing 
the  terms  and  conditions  under  which  the  said  work  is  to 
be  performed,  the  rate  of  wages  and  how,  when  and  where 
said  wages  are  agreed  to  be  paid,  and  may  furnish  a copy  of 
such  statement  of  agreement  to  the  person  so  induced  by  the 
promises  therein  to  agree  to  work  for  the  person,  company 
or  corporation  offering  said  inducements:  Provided.  That  it 

shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  to  make  a tender  of  induce- 
ment to  go  away  from  the  home  locality  to  work,  to  any  child 
under  sixteen  years  of  age  unless  the  written  consent  of  the 
parents  of  such  child  has  been  first  obtained,  as  well  as  the 
consent  of  the  truant  officer  or  county  agent  of  the  board  of 
corrections  and  charities  for  the  locality  where  said  child 
belongs;  and  in  case  such  consent  is  obtained  and  the  child 
goes  abroad  under  the  influence  of  the  inducements  so  offered, 
such  child  under  sixteen  years  of  age  shall  be  safely  returned 
to  its  home  at  any  time  when  its  parents  shall  request,  in 
writing,  such  return.  Any  person  or  any  agent  or  officer 
of  any  corporation  who  shall,  in  offering  inducements  to  any 
person  to  work  for  hire  at  any  place  apart  from  his  or  her 
home  locality,  misrepresent  any  of  the  conditions  of  such  em- 
ployment as  mentioned  above,  shall  be  liable  to  pay  to  the 
person  injured  by  such  misrepresentation,  the  full  amount 
of  the  damage  sustained  and  shall  be  further  liable  to  the 
penalties  provided  in  section  three  of  this  act. 

(168)  Sec.  2.  Every  person,  who,  with  intent  to  defraud, 
shall  accept  or  receive  transportation  provided  by  or  at  the 
instance  or  expense  of  his  employer,  from  any  point  in  this 
state  to  or  in  the  direction  of  the  place  where  he  has  con- 
tacted to  perform  labor  for,  or  render  services  to  such  em- 
ployer, or  who  shall  knowingly,  and  with  intent  to  defraud, 
accept  or  receive  the  benefit  of  any  other  pecuniary  advance- 
ments made  by  or  at  the  instance  and  cost  of  his  employer, 
under  an  agreement  on  the  part  of  such  person  to  perform 
labor  or  render  sei vices  in  repayment  of  the  cost  of  such 


When  to  make 
written  con- 
tract. 


What  to 
specify. 


Proviso  as  to 
children. 


Penalty  for 
misrepresen- 
tation. 


Penalty  for 
fraudulently 
receiving 
transporta- 
tion. 


64 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


transportation  or  of  such  other  benefits,  shall  he  deemed  and 
adjudged  guilty  of  a misdemeanor  if  he  shall  neglect  or  re- 
fuse to  render  services  or  perform  labor  of  an  equal  value  to 
the  full  amount  paid  for  such  transportation  or  other  benefits, 
or  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  pay  such  employer  in  money  the 
amount  paid  therefor.  The  value  of  the  services  to  be  ren- 
dered, or  labor  to  be  performed  shall  be  determined  by  the 
price  agreed  to  be  paid  therefor  by  such  employer  under  his 
value  of  contract  with  the  employee.  The  failure  or  refusal  of  any 
detenSnedW  such  employee  to  perform  such  labor  or  to  render  such  serv- 
ices in  accordance  with  his  contract,  or  to  pay  in  money  the 
amount  paid  for  such  transportation  or  other  benefits,  shall 
be  prima  facie  evidence  of  his  intent  to  defraud. 

Penalty  for  (169)  Sec.  3.  Every  person  found  guilty  of  violating  the 
violation  °f  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  punished  by  a fine  not  exceed- 
ing twenty-five  dollars  or  by  imprisonment  of  not  less  than 
ten  nor  more  than  sixty  days. 


An  Act  to  prescribe  the  liability  of  common  carrier  railroad  compa- 
nies to  their  employes. 

[Act  104,  P.  A.  1909.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact : 

(170)  Section  1.  Every  common  carrier  railroad  com- 
pany in  this  state  shall  be  liable  to  any  of  its  employes,  or, 
in  case  of  his  death,  to  his  personal  representative  for  the 
benefit  of  his  widow  and  children,  if  any;  if  none,  then  for 
his  parents;  if  none,  then  for  his  next  of  kin,  for  all  damages 
which  may  result  from  the  negligence  of  any  such  railroad 
company  or  from  the  negligence  of  any  of  its  officers,  agents 
or  employes,  or  bv  reason  of  any  defect  or  insufficiency  due 
to  the  negligence  of  any  such  common  carrier  railroad  com- 
pany in  its  cars,  engines,  appliances,  machinery,  track,  road 
bed,  works,  boats,  wharves,  coal  docks  or  other  equipment. 

A mason’s  tender,  employed  by  a railroad  company  to  assist  in  construct- 
ing an  addition  to  its  roundhouse,  working  on  a scaffold  inside  of  the  un- 
completed wall,  was  entitled  to  recover  for  injuries  caused  by  the  negligence 
of  a fellow-servant  in  constructing  defective  scaffolding. — Ferguson  v.  L.  S. 
& M.  S.  Rv.  Co..  169/260.  And  he  was  not  within  the  exception  of  section 
7. — id.  This  act  abolishes  the  fellow-servant  rule,  but  does  not  repeal  the 
“survival  act,”  (C.  L.  1897.  § 10117).  as  to  railroad  employes. — Habitz  v. 
Wabash  R.  Co.,  170/71.  It  changes  the  common-law  rules  relative  to  con- 
tributory negligence  and  permits  a recovery,  if  the  fault  of  plaintiff  was  less 
than  that  of  defendant’s  servants. — Bruce  v.  M.  C.  R.  Co.,  172  / 441.  This 
act  is  not  an  amendment  of  any  other  statute.  It  alters  the  rules  of  the  com- 
mon law  with  respect  to  a single  class  of  employers  and  employes.  As  to 
others,  those  rules  remain  unaltered.  No  one  has  a vested  interest  in  any 
rule  of  the  common  law  and  the  abolishment  of  the  fellow-servant  rule  is 
constitutional. — Sonsmith  v.  P.  M.  It.  Co.,  173  / 57. 

(171)  Sec.  2.  In  all  actions  hereafter  brought  against 
any  such  common  carrier  railroad  company  under  or  by 
virtue  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  act  to  recover  damages 


Liability  of 

railroad 

companies. 


Contributory 
negligence 
not  to  bar  a 
recovery. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


65 


for  personal  injury  to  an  employe,  or  where  such  injuries 
have  resulted  in  his  death,  the  fact  that  the  employe  may 
have  been  guilty  of  contributory  negligence  shall  not  bar  a 
recovery : Provided,  That  the  negligence  of  such  employe  Proviso, 

was  of  a lesser  degree  than  the  negligence  of  such  company, 
its  officers,  agents  or  employes:  Provided  further,  That  no  Further 

such  employe  who  may  be  injured  or  killed  shall  be  held  to  proviso- 
have  been  guilty  of  contributory  negligence  in  any  case 
where  the  violation  by  such  common  carrier  railroad  company 
of  any  statute  enacted  for  the  safety  of  employes  contributed 
to  the  injury  of  such  employe,  and  such  employe  shall  not 
be  held  to  have  assumed  the  risk  of  his  employment  in  any 
case  where  the  violation  by  such  common  carrier  of  any  statute 
enacted  for  the  safety  of  emplojes  contributed  to  the  injury 
or  death  of  such  employe. 

Under  the  two  provisos  the  defenses  of  contributory  negligence  and  assumed 
risk  are  not  available  if  the  failure  of  the  defendant  to  comply  with  statu- 
tory provisions  for  the  safety  or  protection  of  employes  caused  the  injury, 
or  if  the  negligence  of  plaintiff  was  less  than  that  of  defendant. — Bruce  v. 

M.  C.  R.  Co.,  172/441. 

(172)  Sec.  3.  The  words  “railroad  company,”  as  used  "Railroad 
in  this  act,  shall  be  taken  to  embrace  any  company,  associa-  defined!7 
tion,  corporation,  or  person  managing,  maintaining,  oper- 
ating, or  in  possession  of  a common  carrier  railroad  in  whole 
or  in  part  within  this  state,  whether  as  owner,  contractor, 
lessee,  mortgagee,  trustee,  assignee  or  receiver. 

Street  railways,  being  common  carriers,  are  within  the  provisions  of  this 
act. — Arends  v.  Grand  Rapids  Railway  Co.,  172  / 448. 


(173)  Sec.  4.  No  contract  of  employment,  insurance,  re- 

lief benefit,  or  indemnity  for  injury  or  death  entered  into 
by  or  on  behalf  of  any  employe,  nor  the  acceptance  of  any 
such  insurance,  relief  benefit  or  indemnity  by  the  person  en- 
titled thereto,  shall  constitute  any  bar  or  defense  to  any  ac- 
tion brought  to  recover  damages  for  personal  injuries  to,  or 
death  of  such  employe:  Provided,  however,  That  upon  the 

trial  of  such  action,  the  defendant  may  set  off  therein  any 
sum  it  has  contributed  toward  any  such  insurance,  relief 
benefit  or  indemnity  that  may  have  been  paid  to  the  injured 
employe,  or,  in  case  of  his  death,  to  his  personal  representa- 
tive. 

(174)  Sec.  5.  No  action  shall  be  maintained  under  this 
act  unless  commenced  within  two  years  from  the  time  the 
cause  of  action  accrued. 

(175)  Sec.  6.  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  held  to  limit 
the  duty  of  common  carrier  railroad  companies,  or  impair 
the  rights  of  their  employes  under  existing  laws  of  the 
state. 

(176)  Sec.  7.  The  provisions  of  this  act  shall  not  apply 
to  employes  working  in  shops  or  offices. 

See  notes  to  section  1 of  this  act. 


Employment, 
etc.,  contract 
of. 


Proviso. 


Action,  when 
to  begin. 


Rights  not 
impaired. 


Not  to  apply 
to  certain 
employes. 


9 


66 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


CHAPTER  IV. — DAY’S  LABOR  AND  PAYMENT  OF 

WAGES. 


An  Act  making  ten  hours  a legal  day’s  work. 


[Act  137,  P.  A.  1885.] 


Where 
to  apply. 


Work  in 
excess  of  ten 
hours. 


When  not 
otherwise  ex- 
pressly men- 
tioned ten 
hours  to  be 
day’s  work. 


What  to  be 
considered  a 
misdemeanor. 


Penalty. 


Duty  of 

prosecuting 

attorney. 


Disposition  of 
fines. 


The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(177)  § 5453.  Section  1.  That  in  all  factories,  work- 
shops, salt  blocks,  saw  mills,  logging  or  lumber  camps,  booms 
or  drives,  mines  or  other  places  used  for  mechanical,  manu- 
facturing, or  other  purposes  within  the  state  of  Michigan, 
where  men  or  women  are  employed,  ten  hours  per  day  shall 
constitute  a legal  day’s  work,  and  any  proprietor,  stockholder, 
manager,  clerk,  foreman,  or  other  employers  of  labor  who 
shall  require  any  person  or  persons  in  their  employ  to  per- 
form more  than  ten  hours  per  day,  shall  be  compelled  to  pay 
such  employes  for  all  overtime  or  extra  hours  at  the  regular 
per  diem  rate,  unless  there  be  an  agreement  to  the  con- 
trary. 

Plaintiff  contracted  to  work  as  night  watchman  in  the  horse  barn  of  a 
street  railway  company,  with  full  knowledge  that  it  was  the  absolute  custom 
and  invariable  rule  that  the  employes  should  work  as  many  hours  as  the 
convenience  and  business  of  the  company  demanded  for  the  pay  agreed  on  as 
one  day’s  pay.  Ilis  accounts  were  settled  semi-monthly  upon  the  basis  of 
compensation  agreed  upon.  Held,  that  he  could  not  recover  for  time  worked 
over  ten  hours  per  day. — Bartlett  v.  Street  Ry.  Co.,  82  / 658.  This  statute 
was  not  intended  to  apply  to  work  which  of  necessity  is  fluctuating  and  ir- 
regular in  amount  like  the  taking,  finishing  and  retouching  of  photographs, 
or  to  service  or  employment  under  a hiring  by  the  week,  month  or  year. — 
Schurr  v.  Savigny,  85  / 147. 

(178)  § 5454.  Sec.  2.  That  in  all  contracts,  engage- 
ments, or  agreements  to  labor  in  any  mechanical,  manufactur- 
ing, or  other  labor  calling,  where  such  contracts  or  agree- 
ments are  silent,  or  no  express  conditions  specified,  ten  hours 
shall  constitute  a day’s  work,  and  the  contract  or  agreement 
shall  be  so  construed. 

(179)  § 5455.  Sec.  3.  Any  individual,  firm,  agent  of 
any  corporation,  or  other  employers  of  labor  who  shall  take 
any  unlawful  advantage  of  any  person  or  persons  in  their 
employ,  or  seeking  employment,  because  of  their  poverty  or 
misfortune,  to  invalidate  any  of  the  provisions  of  the  preced- 
ing section,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and, 
upon  conviction  thereof,  shall  be  fined  not  less  than  five 
dollars,  nor  more  than  fifty  dollars  for  each  offense,  and  it 
shall  be  the  duty  of  the  prosecuting  attorney  of  the  county 
in  which  such  offense  was  committed,  upon  receiving  com- 
plaint, to  prosecute  all  such  cases  in  the  name  of  the  people 
of  the  state  of  Michigan,  before  any  justice  of  the  peace  or 
other  competent  court  of  jurisdiction. 

(180)  § 5456.  Sec.  4.  All  fines  collected  for  violation 
of  this  act  shall  be  turned  over  to  the  school  board,  or  board 
of  education  of  the  city  or  township  wherein  such  fine  may 


LABOR  LAWS. 


67 


be  collected,  and  the  same  shall  by  them  be  disbursed  for 
and  in  benefit  of  the  public  schools. 

(181)  § 5457.  Sec.  5.  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  con-  Not  to  apply 

strued  to  apply  to  domestic  or  farm  laborers,  or  other  laborers  laborers’  etc'' 
who  agree  to  work  more  than  ten  hours  per  day. 


An  Act  to  regulate  the  length  of  time  which  shall  be  a day’s  labor 
by  certain  employes  on  railroads  in  this  state,  and  to  provide  for 
pro  rata  compensation  for  extra  services  in  addition  to  their 
daily  compensation. 

[Act  177,  P.  A.  1893.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(182)  § 5458.  Section  1.  That  no  person,  corporation,  unlawful  for 
joint  stock  company  or  association  of  individuals  owning  or  Jompany°to 
operating  a line  of  railroad,  in  whole  or  in  part,  within  this  overwork  any 
state,  shall  permit  or  require  any  conductor,  engineer,  fire-  °yes' 
man,  brakeman  or  any  trainman  who  has  worked  in  any 
capacity  for  twenty-four  hours  to  again  go  on  duty  or  perform 

any  kind  of  work  until  he  has  had  at  least  eight  hours  rest. 

(183)  § 5459.  Sec.  2.  Ten  hours  labor  performed  within  what  to 
twelve  consecutive  hours  shall  constitute  a day’s  labor  in  day^iabor3, 
the  operation  of  all  steam,  surface  and  elevated  railroads  now 

owned  and  operated  or  hereafter  owned  and  operated  within 
this  state : Provided,  That  this  act  shall  not  apply  to  regular  Proviso, 
schedule  trains  when  completed  within  a less  number  of 
hours : Provided  further,  That  the  provisions  of  this  act  Further 

shall  not  apply  to  extra  hours  of  labor  performed  by  any  proviso- 
conductor,  engineer,  fireman,  brakeman  or  trainman  in  cases 
of  unavoidable  accident  or  delay  caused  by  such  accident. 

(184)  § 5460.  Sec.  3.  Every  hour  in  excess  of  ten  hours  when  more 
labor  performed  in  any  one  day  by  any  conductor,  engineer,  hours*ework 
fireman,  brakeman  or  any  trainman  of  any  railroad  company,  is  done- 
corporation,  joint  stock  company  or  association  of  individuals 

or  person  owning  or  operating  a railroad  within  this  state, 
who  works  under  the  direction  of  a superior  or  at  the  request 
of  such  person,  company,  corporation,  joint  stock  company  or 
association  of  individuals  and  who  shall  be  required  or  per- 
mitted to  work  shall  be  deemed  one-tenth  of  a day’s  labor  and 
such  conductor,  engineer,  fireman,  brakeman  or  trainman 
shall  receive  pro  rata  compensation  for  said  extra  service  in  Compensation 
addition  to  his  daily  compensation.  for 

(185)  § 5461.  Sec.  4.  Any  person,  agent  or  employe  of  Penalty  for 
such  person,  railroad  company,  corporation,  joint  stock  com-  vlolatlon  of- 
pany  or  association  of  individuals  violating  the  provisions 

of  this  act,  shall  be  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and  on  convic- 
tion shall  be  punishable  by  a fine  of  not  less  than  fifty  and 
not  to  exceed  one  hundred  dollars  in  the  discretion  of  the 
court. 


68 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Bond  required 
for  payment  of 
subcon- 
tractors. 


Subcon- 
tractors to 
give  written 
notice. 


When 
entitled  to 
benefit  of 
security,  etc. 


Bond, 
to  whom 
executed ; 
sureties, 
by  whom 
approved,  etc 


An  Act  to  insure  the  payment  of  subcontractors  and  wages  earned 

and  material  used  in  constructing,  repairing  or  ornamenting  pub- 
lic buildings  and  public  works. 

[Act  187,  P.  A.  1905.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(186)  Section  1.  When  public  buildings  or  other  public 
works  are  about  to  be  built,  repaired  or  ornamented  under 
contract  at  the  expense  of  the  state,  or  of  any  county,  city, 
village,  township  or  school  district  thereof,  it  shall  be  the  duty 
of  the  board  of  officers  or  agents,  contracting  on  behalf  of 
the  state,  county,  city,  village,  township  or  school  district, 
to  require  sufficient  security  by  bond  for  the  payment  by 
the  contractor  of  all  subcontractors  and  for  the  payment  for 
all  labor  performed  and  materials  furnished  in  the  erection, 
repairing  or  ornamenting  of  such  building  or  works. 

Kuonnan  v.  Fidelity  & Guaranty  Co.,  159/127. 

Sureties  cannot  avoid  liability  by  showing  a failure  of  the  municipal 
authorities  to  approve  the  bond. — People  v.  Carroll,  151  / 233. 

(187)  Sec.  2.  In  the  case  of  a subcontractor,  he  shall 
give  notice  in  writing  before  payment  is  made  for  the  work 
or  materials  furnished  by  him  to  the  said  board  of  officers 
or  agents,  that  he  is  a subcontractor  for  the  doing  of  some 
part  of  such  work  which  he  shall  specify  in  his  notice  and 
that  he  relies  upon  the  security  of  the  bond  by  this  act  re- 
quired to  lie  given  by  the  principal  contractor,  and  that  in 
the  case  of  the  giving  of  such  notice  to  the  said  board  of 
officers  or  agents  said  subcontractor  shall  also  notify  the 
principal  contractor  that  he  has  done  so,  and  whenever  this 
shall  have  been  done,  the  said  subcontractor  shall  be  entitled, 
subject  to  the  rights  of  the  persons  with  whom  he  has  con- 
tracted for  labor  and  materials,  to  the  benefit  of  the  security 
given  by  the  principal  contractor,  and  to  be  subrogated  to 
the  liens  of  the  persons  who  have  performed  labor  or  furnished 
materials  for  such  building,  repairs  or  ornamentation,  whom 
he  shall  have  actually  paid,  but  the  subcontractor  and  the 
persons  who  shall  have  performed  labor  or  furnished  ma- 
terials to  him  shall  not  in  the  aggregate  be  entitled  to  receive 
larger  sums  than  may  be  required  from  the  principal  con- 
tractor under  his  contract  with  the  subcontractor,  nor  shall 
this  act  be  construed  to  change  in  any  way  the  contract 
which  may  have  been  made  between  the  principal  contractor 
and  the  subcontractor,  except  when  such  contract  shall  at- 
tempt to  relieve  the  principal  contractor  as  against  the  de- 
mands of  those  performing  labor  or  furnishing  nlaterials 
to  the  subcontractor. 

(188)  Sec.  3.  Such  bond  shall  be  executed  by  such  con- 
tractor to  the  people  of  the  state  of  Michigan  in  such  amount 
and  with  such  sureties  as  shall  be  approved  by  the  board  of 

. officers  or  agents  acting  on  behalf  of  the  state,  county,  city, 


LABOR  LAWS. 


69 


village,  township,  or  school  district  as  aforesaid,  and  shall 
be  conditioned  for  the  payment  by  such  contractor  to  any 
subcontractor  or  by  any  such  contractor  or  subcontractor 
as  the  same  may  become  due  and  payable  of  all  indebtedness 
which  may  arise  from  said  contractor  to  a subcontractor  or 
party  performing  labor  or  furnishing  materials,  or  any  sub- 
contractor to  any  person,  firm  or  corporation  on  account  of 
any  labor  performed  or  materials  furnished  in  the  erection, 
repairing  or  ornamentation  of  such  building,  improvement  or 
works : Provided,  however,  That  the  principal  contractor  Proviso, 

shall  not  be  required  to  make  any  payment  to  a subcontractor 
of  sums  due  from  the  subcontractor  to  parties  performing 
labor  or  furnishing  materials,  except  upon  the  receipt  or  the 
written  orders  of  such  parties  to  pay  the  sums  due  to  them 
to  subcontractors.  Such  bond  shall  be  deposited  with  and  where 
held  by  such  board  of  officers  or  agents  for  the  use  of  any  ep0S1  e ' 
party  interested  therein. 

(189)  Sec.  4.  Such  bond  may  be  prosecuted  and  a re-  Recovery 
covery  had  by  any  person,  firm  or  corporation  to  whom  any  bond, 
money  shall  be  due  and  payable  on  account  of  having  per- 
formed any  labor  or  furnished  any  materials  in  the  erection, 
repairing  or  ornamentation  of  any  such  building  or  works, 
in  the  name  of  the  people  of  this  state  for  the  use  and  benefit 
of  such  person,  firm  or  corporation  : Provided,  however,  That  Proviso, 
in  the  case  of  a suit  for  the  benefit  of  a subcontractor,  he  shall 
be  required  to  allege  and  prove  that  he  has  paid  to  all  parties 
entitled  thereto  the  full  sums  due  to  them  for  labor  or  ma- 
terials contracted  for  by  him : And  Provided  further,  That 
in  no  case  brought  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  the  provso 
people  of  this  state  be  liable  for  costs. 


An  Act  regulating  the  time  of  payment  of  wages  to  employes  of  all 
manufacturing,  mercantile,  street  railway,  telegraph,  telephone, 
railroad,  express,  mining,  electric  light,  gas  and  water  companies 
or  corporations,  doing  business  in  this  state,  and  employes  of 
every  contractor,  person  or  co-partnership  in  this  state,  engaged  in 
any  manufacturing  business,  in  any  of  the  building  trades,  in 
operating  quarries,  in  and  upon  public  works,  in  the  construction 
or  repair  of  railroads,  street  railways,  roads,  bridges  or  sewers; 
and  providing  a penalty  for  a violation  thereof. 

[Act  59,  P.  A.  1913.] 


The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(190)  Section  1.  Every  manufacturing,  mercantile,  street  wages,  semi- 
railway, telegraph,  telephone,  railroad,  express,  mining,  elec-  Sent  o1?  pay~ 
trie  light,  gas  and  water  company  or  corporation  doing  busi- 
ness in  this  state  and  every  contractor,  person  or  co-partner- 
ship in  this  state,  engaged  in  any  manufacturing  business,  in 
any  of  the  building  trades,  in  operating  quarries,  in  and  upon 


70 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Proviso. 


Proviso, 
where  not 
applicable. 


Further 

proviso, 

disagreement. 


Special  con- 
tract, etc.,  not 
to  exempt 
company,  etc. 


public  works,  in  the  construction  or  repair  of  railroads,  street 
railways,  roads,  bridges  or  sewers,  shall  on  or  before  the 
first  day  of  each  calendar  month  pay  to  each  employe  engaged 
in  its,  his  or  their  business,  the  wages  earned  by  him  during 
the  first  half  of  the  preceding  calendar  month  ending  with 
the  fifteenth  day  thereof,  and  on  or  before  the  fifteenth  day 
of  each  calendar  month  pay  to  each  employe  the  wages  earned 
by  him  during  the  last  half  of  the  preceding  calendar  month. 
Any  employe  leaving  his  or  her  employment  between  the 
dates  of  any  established  pay  day  hereunder,  shall  be  paid  the 
wages  earned  and  due  at  the  time  of  leaving  on  the  next 
following  regular  pay  day,  and  any  employe  discharged  from 
his  or  her  employment,  or  absent  from  his  or  her  place  of 
employment  on  such  regular  pay  day,  shall  be  paid  the  wages 
earned  and  due  such  employe  forthwith  after  demand,  as 
soon  as  the  amount  due  can  with  the  utmost  diligence  be 
ascertained : Provided,  That  the  mailing  of  a check  for  such 
wages  upon  or  before  the  regular  pay  days  herein  established 
shall  be  deemed  to  be  a compliance  with  the  provisions  of 
this  act:  Provided,  That,  unless  upon  such  demand,  none 

of  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  apply  to  employes  work- 
ing under  contract  where  the  amount  due  cannot  be  ascer- 
tained until  the  termination  of  the  contract,  nor  to  men  em- 
ployed in  the  lumbering  business  while  at  work  in  the  woods. 
But  in  all  cases  of  employes  working  under  contract,  the  em- 
ployer shall  pay  to  such  employe  semi-monthly  the  wages 
earned  by  such  employe  as  nearly  as  the  same  can  be  esti- 
mated, and  final  and  complete  payment  shall  be  made  at  the 
termination  of  the  contract:  Provided  further,  That  in  the 

case  of  a disagreement  between  employe  and  employer  re- 
garding the  amount  of  wages  due  an  employe,  the  employer 
shall  be  deemed  to  have  complied  with  the  provisions  of  this 
act  if  payment  of  the  wages  claimed  to  be  correct  by  the 
employer  is  paid  to  the  employe  on  the  regular  pay  day  on 
which  such  wages  are  due,  and  in  the  case  the  employe  proves 
his  claim  for  more  wages  due  him  than  has  been  paid  by  the 
employer  the  employer  shall  pay  the  additional  amount  due 
the  employe  on  the  next  regular  pay  day  after  the  employe’s 
claim  has  been  proved. 

(191)  Sec.  2.  No  company,  corporation,  contractor,  per- 
son or  co-partnership  specified  in  section  one  shall  by  any 
special  agreement,  contract  or  understanding,  verbal  or  writ- 
ten, made  with  any  such  employe  or  intended  employe,  ex- 
empt itself,  himself  or  themselves  from  the  provisions  of  sec- 
tion one;  and  any  such  agreement,  contract  or  understand- 
ing so  made  in  violation  of  section  one  shall  be  null  and 
void.  All  assignments  of  future  wages  payable  as  provided 
herein  except  for  advances  actually  made  shall  not  be  valid 
if  made  to  the  company,  corporation,  contractor,  person  or  co- 
partnership from  whom  such  wages  are  to  become  due,  or  to 
any  person  on  behalf  of  any  such  company,  corporation,  con- 
tractor, person  or  co-partnership,  or  if  made  or  procured  to 


LABOR  LAWS. 


71 


be  made  to  another  company,  corporation,  contractor,  per- 
son or  co-partnership  for  the  purpose  of  relieving  the  em- 
ployer from  the  obligation  to  pay  as  in  section  one  provided. 

(192)  Sec.  3.  Any  employer  mentioned  in  section  one  of 
this  act,  who,  unless  prevented  by  act  of  God,  proceedings  in 
bankruptcy  or  orders  or  process  of  any  court  of  competent 
jurisdiction,  or  circumstances  over  which  such  employer  has 
no  control,  shall  fail  to  make  payment  of  the  wages  due  to 
any  such  employe,  as  provided  in  section  one  of  this  act, 
shall,  as  liquidated  damages  for  such  failure,  pay  to  such 
employe  for  each  day  that  the  amount  due  him  remains  un- 
paid, ten  per  cent  of  the  amount  due  him  in  addition  there- 
to, and  said  damages  may  be  recovered  in  any  court  having 
jurisdiction  of  the  suit  to  recover  the  amount  due  to  such  em- 
ploye. 

(193)  Sec.  4.  This  act  shall  take  effect  and  be  in  force 
from  and  after  September  first,  nineteen  hundred  thirteen. 


An  Act  to  create  a commission  of  inquiry  to  make  the  necessary  in- 
vestigation and  to  prepare  and  submit  a report  to  the  next  legis- 
lature, or  to  any  special  session  of  the  present  legislature,  setting 
forth  a comprehensive  plan  and  recommending  legislative  action, 
providing  for  minimum  wages  for  female  employes;  and  to  appro- 
priate the  necessary  moneys  for  the  expense  thereof. 

[Act  290,  P.  A.  1913.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(194)  Section  1.  There  shall  be  a commission  of  inquiry 
to  consist  of  three  members  to  be  appointed  by  the  governor 
from  among  the  citizens  of  this  state,  to  investigate  condi- 
tions and  problems  involved  in  the  question  of  wages  paid  to 
female  employes  with  special  reference  to  whether  such  wages 
paid  are  adequate  for  the  necessary  cost  of  living  and  to  main- 
tain the  worker  in  health,  and  whether  the  conditions  of  labor 
are  prejudicial  to  the  health  or  morals  of  the  workers  in  the 
several  occupations,  trades  and  industries  in  this  state  em- 
ploying women. 

(195)  Sec.  2.  The  members  of  said  commission  shall  serve 
without  pay  and  shall  be  allowed  their  actual  and  necessary 
expenses  incurred  in  the  performance  of  their  duties  while 
traveling  within  this  state. 

(196)  Sec.  3.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  said  commission  to 
fully  investigate  matters  mentioned  in  section  one,  and  for 
the  purpose  of  the  investigation,  said  commission  is  hereby 
authorized  to  hold  sessions  in  various  parts  of  the  state  if 
necessary,  to  summon  witnesses  and  require  the  production  of 
books  and  papers  relating  to  said  subject,  to  administer  oaths 
and  to  employ  such  clerical  and  other  assistance  as  may  be 
necessary  to  accomplish  the  purposes  of  this  act. 


Failure  to 

comply, 

penalty. 


Commission  of 
inquiry. 


Expenses  to 
be  paid. 


Sessions, 
where  held, 
etc. 


72 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Report  to 
legislature. 


To  organize 
and  elect 
officers. 


To  purchase 
books,  sta- 
tionery, etc. 


Penalty  of 
molestation. 


(197)  Sec.  4.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  said  commission  to 
prepare  and  submit  to  the  next  legislature,  or  to  any  special 
session  of  the  present  legislature,  a full  report  of  their  find- 
ings together  with  such  proposed  legislation  as  will  in  their 
opinion  remedy  such  conditions  as  they  may  find. 

(198)  Sec.  5.  Said  commission  shall  as  soon  as  prac- 
ticable after  its  appointment,  meet  at  the  capitol  and  or- 
ganize by  electing  one  of  its  members  as  chairman  and  shall 
have  use  of  suitable  quarters  to  be  provided  by  the  board  of 
state  auditors. 

(199)  Sec.  6.  Said  commission  shall  have  power  to  pur- 
chase books,  stationery  and  other  materials  and  the  expenses 
incurred  in  the  performance  of  their  duties,  including  the  cost 
of  the  publication  of  such  a number  of  copies  of  their  report 
as  in  their  judgment  shall  be  advisable,  shall  be  audited  and 
allowed  by  the  board  of  state  auditors  upon  vouchers  and 
bills  properly  sworn  to  and  duly  certified  by  the  chairman 
and  shall  be  paid  from  the  general  fund  of  the  state. 

(200)  Sec.  7.  It  is  hereby  declared  that  this  act  is  im- 
mediately necessary  for  the  preservation  of  the  public  health 
and  safety. 


CHAPTER  V.— PROTECTION  OF  THE  RIGHTS, 
HEALTH,  SAFETY  AND  LIVES  OF  LABORERS. 

An  Act  to  protect  mechanics  and  other  laborers  in  the  quiet  and 
peaceable  pursuit  of  their  avocations. 

[Act  163,  S.  L.  1867.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(201)  § 11343.  Section  1.  That  if  any  person  or  per- 

sons shall,  by  threats,  intimidations,  or  otherwise,  and  with- 
out authority  of  law,  interfere  with,  or  in  any  way  molest,  or 
attempt  to  interfere  with,  or  in  any  way  molest  or  disturb, 
without  such  authority,  any  mechanic  or  other  laborer,  in  the 
quiet  and  peaceable  pursuit  of  his  lawful  avocation,  such 
person  or  persons  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor, 
and  on  conviction  by  a court  of  competent  jurisdiction,  shall 
be  severally  punished  by  fine  of  not  less  than  ten  dollars, 
nor  more  than  one  hundred  dollars,  or  by  imprisonment  in 
the  county  jail  where  the  offense  shall  have  been  committed, 
not  less  than  one  month  nor  more  than  one  year,  or  by  both 
fine  and  imprisonment,  in  the  discretion  of  the  court;  but 
if  such  punishment  be  by  fine,  the  offender  shall  be  im- 
prisoned in  such  jail  until  the  same  be  paid,  not  exceeding 
ninety  days. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


73 


An  Act  to  protect  toilers  against  unjust  demands  of  employers  of 
labor;  to  give  redress  to  employes  discharged  in  certain  cases,  and 
to  punish  employers,  their  agents,  clerks  and  servants  for  any  vio- 
lation of  this  act. 

[Act  192,  P.  A.  1893.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(202)  § 11400.  Section  1.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for 
any  employer  of  labor,  by  himself,  his  agent,  clerk  or  servant 
to  require  any  employe,  or  person  seeking  employment,  as 
a condition  of  such  employment,  or  continuance  therein,  to 
make  and  enter  into  any  contract,  oral  or  written,  whereby 
such  employe  or  applicant  for  employment  shall  agree  to 
contribute  directly  or  indirectly  to  any  fund  for  charitable, 
social  or  beneficial  purpose  or  purposes. 

(203)  § 11401.  Sec.  2.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any 
such  employer,  by  himself,  his  agent,  clerk  or  servant,  to 
deduct  from  the  wages  of  any  employe,  directly  or  indirectly, 
any  part  thereof  without  the  full  and  free  consent  of  such 
employe,  obtained  without  intimidation  or  fear  of  discharge 
for  refusal  to  permit  such  deduction. 

(204)  § 11402.  Sec.  3.  If  the  employer  be  a firm  or 
corporation,  each  and  every  member  of  said  firm,  and  each 
and  every  managing  officer  of  the  corporation,  shall  be  liable 
to  punishment  under  this  act;  and  any  clerk,  servant  or 
agent  of  any  such  employer  who  shall  do  or  attempt  to  do 
any  act  forbidden  by  this  act,  shall  be  equally  liable  with 
his  employer  or  employers  as  principal,  for  any  such  violation 
of  this  act. 

(205)  § 11403.  Sec.  4.  Any  person  who  shall  violate 
any  provision  of  the  first  three  sections  of  this  act  shall  be 
deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and  on  conviction  thereof 
shall  be  punished  by  a fine  of  not  less  than  twenty-five  dollars 
and  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars,  or  by  imprisonment 
in  the  county  jail  for  a period  of  not  less  than  ten  nor  more 
than  ninety  days  for  each  offense. 


An  Act  to  protect  persons  commissioned  or  enlisted  in  the  organized 
militia  of  Michigan  from  injury  in  person  or  property  on  account 
of  such  membership,  and  to  provide  for  a penalty  for  violation  of 
this  act. 


[Act  194,  P.  A.  1909.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(206)  Section  1.  No  person  shall  either  by  himself  or 
another  deprive  a member  of  the  organized  militia  of  this 
state  of  employment  or  prevent,  obstruct  or  annoy  any  such 


Certain 

contracts 

unlawful. 


Unlawful  to 
deduct  from 
wages  in  cer- 
tain cases. 


Who  liable  to 
punishment. 


Penalty  for 
violation. 


Protection 
of  commis- 
sioned or 
enlisted  men. 


74 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Discrimina- 

tion. 


Insult,  abuse, 
etc. 


Penalty. 


Corrupt 
influencing 
of  agents, 
servants,  etc., 
unlawful. 


member  or  his  employer  in  respect  of  such  employment  be- 
cause such  member  is  commissioned  or  enlisted  in  the  or- 
ganized militia  of  this  state  or  because  such  person  performs 
military  duty  under  orders  from  competent  authority.  No 
person  shall  dissuade  any  other  person  from  enlisting  in  the 
organized  militia  of  this  state  by  threats  of  injury,  in  case 
he  shall  enlist,  in  respect  of  his  employment,  trade  or  busi- 
ness. 

(207)  Sec.  2.  No  association  or  corporation  constituted 
or  organized  for  the  purpose  of  promoting  the  success  of  any 
trade,  employment  or  business  of  the  members  thereof,  nor 
any  association  whose  membership  is  confined  to  persons  of 
a particular  race,  shall,  by  any  constitution,  rule,  by-law, 
regulation,  vote  or  resolution,  discriminate  against  any  mem- 
ber of  the  organized  militia  of  this  state  in  respect  to  the 
eligibility  of  the  officer  or  soldier  to  membership  in  such  asso- 
ciation or  corporation,  or  in  respect  to  his  right  to  retain  his 
membership  in  such  association  or  corporation,  and  no  per- 
son shall  aid  in  enforcing  any  such  provision  against  any 
officer  or  soldier  of  the  organized  militia  of  this  state  with  in- 
tent to  discriminate  against  such  member  on  account  of  his 
membership. 

(208)  Sec.  3.  No  person  shall  unlawfully  molest,  insult 
or  abuse  any  member  of  the  organized  militia  of  this  state 
while  in  the  performance  of  military  duty,  or  unlawfully 
molest,  insult  or  abuse  any  such  member  because  of  his  mem- 
bership or  on  account  of  the  performance  of  military  duty 
while  a member. 

(209)  Sec.  4.  Any  person  who  violates  any  of  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor, 
and  shall  be  punished  by  a fine  of  not  more  than  one  hundred 
dollars  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  ninety  days,  or  by 
both  such  fine  and  imprisonment  in  the  discretion  of  the 
court. 


An  Act  to  prohibit  the  corrupt  influencing  of  agents,  employes,  or 

servants. 

[Act  210,  P.  A.  1905.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact : 

(210)  Section  1.  Whoever  corruptly  gives,  offers  or 
promises  to  an  agent,  employe  or  servant  any  gift  or  gratuity 
whatever,  with  intent  to  influence  his  action  in  relation  to 
his  principal’s,  employer’s  or  master’s  business;  or  an  agent, 
employe  or  servant,  who  corruptly  requests  or  accepts  a gift 
or  gratuity  or  a promise  to  make  a gift  or  to  do  an  act  bene- 
ficial to  himself,  under  an  agreement  or  with  an  understand- 
ing that  he  shall  act  in  any  particular  manner  in  relation  to 
his  principal’s,  employer’s  or  master’s  business;  or  an  agent, 


LABOR  LAWS. 


75 


employe  or  servant,  who,  being  authorized  to  procure  ma- 
terials, supplies  or  other  articles  either  by  purchase  or  con- 
tract for  his  principal,  employer  or  master,  or  to  employ 
service  or  labor  for  his  principal,  employer  or  master,  re- 
ceives directly  or  indirectly,  for  himself  or  for  another,  a 
commission,  discount  or  bonus  from  the  person  who  makes 
such  sale  or  contract,  or  furnishes  such  materials,  supplies 
or  other  articles,  or  from  a person  who  renders  such  service 
or  labor;  and  any  person  who  gives  or  offers  such  an  agent, 
employe  or  servant  such  commission,  discount  or  bonus,  shall 
be  deemed  guilty  of  a felony,  and  on  conviction  thereof  shall 
be  punished  by  a fine  of  not  more  than  five  hundred  dol- 
lars, or  by  imprisonment  in  the  state  prison  for  a period  of 
not  more  than  one  year,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprison- 
ment in  the  discretion  of  the  court. 


An  Act  to  compel  the  maintenance  of  water-closet  accommodations 
for  workmen  on  buildings  during  course  of  erection. 


[Act  205,  P.  A.  1899.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(211)  Section  1.  That  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  all  archi- 
tects to  insert  a clause  in  the  specifications  for  all  buildings 
providing  for  suitable  temporary  water-closets  for  the  use 
of  workmen  employed  on  such  buildings  while  in  the  course 
of  erection,  unless  closets  are  already  maintained  on  such 
premises;  and  it  shall  also  be  the  duty  of  the  contractor  or 
person  erecting  such  building  to  erect  such  closet  within  the 
first  week  after  commencing  work  thereon. 

(212)  Sec.  2.  Any  person  violating  any  of  the  provisions 
of  this  act  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and  upon 
conviction  thereof  shall  be  punished  by  a fine  of  not  less 
than  five  dollars  or  more  than  twenty-five  dollars  or  imprison- 
ment in  the  county  jail  for  a term  not  exceeding  thirty  days, 
or  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment  in  the  discretion  of  the 
court. 


An  Act  to  provide  for  the  better  protection  of  lives  of  passengers 
and  employes  on  railroad  trains. 

[Act  118,  P.  A.  1887.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(213)  § 5508.  Section  1.  That  on  and  after  the  first 

day  of  November,  eighteen  hundred  and  eighty-nine,  every 
railroad  company  owning  or  operating  any  railroad  wholly 


Penalty  for 
violation. 


Architects  to 
insert  clause 
relative  to 
water-closets. 


Penalty. 


Companies  to 
make  provi- 
sions against 
the  burning  of 
cars,  etc. 


76 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Methods  of 
heating. 


Proviso. 


Power  and 
duty  of  rail- 
road com- 
mission in 
relation  to. 


How  pro- 
visions of  this 
act  may  be 
enforced. 


Unlawful  to 
use  cars  with- 
out automatic 
couplers. 


Proviso  as  to 
certain  cars. 


or  partly  within  this  state,  shall  make  some  effective  pro- 
vision against  the  burning  of  cars  in  which  passengers  are 
carried,  or  of  cars  which  form  part  of  passenger  trains,  in 
some  one  or  more  of  the  following,  or  other  equally  effec- 
tive, methods : By  generating  the  heat  for  warming  the  cars 
outside  and  independent  of  said  cars,  or  by  the  use  of  heaters 
in  the  cars,  so  constructed  that  in  case  of  accident,  it  will  be 
practically  impossible  for  the  fire  to  escape  from  the  stove 
or  heater  so  as  to  set  fire  to  the  cars,  or  provided  with  some 
automatic  or  quickly  and  easily  operated  provision  for  ex- 
tinguishing fire,  and  when  the  heat  is  generated  outside  of 
the  cars,  heaters  constructed  as  provided  for  in  this  section 
may  be  retained  within  for  use  in  case  of  emergencies:  Pro- 
vided, That  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply 
to  caboose  cars  on  freight  trains. 

(214)  § 5509.  Sec.  2.  No  device  shall  be  adopted  for 
general  use  until  approved  by  the  commissioner  of  railroads, 
and  he  shall  have  the  power,  and  it  is  hereby  made  his  duty 
to  order  any  stoves  or  heaters  removed,  which,  in  his  judgment, 
are  unsafe  in  case  of  accident.  And  he  is  hereby  empowered  to 
use  such  reasonable  means  to  provide  for  carrying  out  the 
spirit  of  this  law  to  promote  the  safety  of  passengers  and 
employes  in  railway  cars,  as  the  condition  of  the  road  and 
experience  in  the  use  of  the  various  methods  of  heating  have 
demonstrated  to  be  practicable  and  necessary. 

(215)  § 5510.  Sec.  3.  The  provisions  of  this  act  may 
be  enforced  by  any  circuit  court  of  this  state  in  any  county 
through  which  the  railroad  of  any  company  refusing  to  com- 
ply with  such  provisions  may  run,  upon  the  application  of 
the  commissioner  of  railroads,  under  such  penalty  as  the  said 
court  may  determine,  of  not  less  than  one  hundred  dollars 
for  each  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  act. 


An  Act  to  promote  the  safety  of  employes  and  travelers  upon  rail- 
roads, by  compelling  common  carriers  in  this  state  to  equip  their 
cars  with  automatic  couplers  and  to  provide  a penalty  for  viola- 
tions hereof. 


[Act  234,  P.  A.  1907.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(216)  Section  1.  It  shall  hereafter  be  unlawful  for  any 
common  carrier  owning  or  operating  any  portion  of  a rail- 
road wholly  or  partly  in  this  state  to  haul  or  permit  to  be 
hauled  or  used  on  its  line  within  this  state  any  car  used  in 
moving  traffic  not  equipped  with  couplers  coupling  automat- 
ically by  impact,  and  which  can  be  uncoupled  without  the 
necessity  of  men  going  between  the  ends  of  the  cars:  Pro- 

vided, That  nothing  in  this  act  contained  shall  apply  to 


LABOR  LAWS. 


77 


trains  composed  of  four-wheeled  cars  or  to  trains  composed 
of  eight-wheeled  standard  logging  cars  where  the  height  of 
such  car  from  top  of  rail  to  center  of  coupling  does  not 
exceed  twenty-five  inches,  or  to  locomotives  used  in  hauling 
such  trains  when  such  cars  or  locomotives  are  exclusively 
used  for  the  transportation  of  logs. 

Held  that  the  provisions  of  C.  L.  1897,  §§  551,1-5512,  on  this  subject,  did 
not  require  the  placing  of  such  couplers  on  the  tenders  of  locomotives. — 

Blanchard  v.  Detroit  & Mackinac  By.  Co.,  . 139  / 694.  Coupling  devices  on 
freight  cars  held  sufficient  compliance  with  law. — Wight  v.  M.  C.  R.  Co., 

161/216. 

(217)  Sec.  2.  Any  such  common  carrier  hauling  or  per-  Penaityfor 
mitting  to  be  hauled  or  used  on  its  line  any  car  in  violation  710  lon‘ 
of  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  liable  to  a penalty  of 
not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars  for  each  and  every  such 
violation,  to  be  recovered  in  an  action  of  assumpsit  brought 
in  the  name  of  the  people  of  this  state,  and  it  shall  be  the 
duty  of  the  prosecuting  attorney  of  the  proper  county  to 
bring  any  such  action  at  the  request  of  the  commissioner  of 
railroads  (railroad  commission). 

Sec.  3 repeals  Act  No.  147  of  1885,  §§  5511-12,  C.  L.  1897. 

Nichols  v.  C.  & N.  W.  R.  Co.,  125/394;  De  Cair  v.  M.  & G.  R.  R.  Co., 

133  / 578 ; Van  Leuvan  v.  Ann  Arbor  R.  Co.,  167  / 355. 


An  Act  to  provide  for  the  safety  of  brakemen  and  other  employes  on 

railroads. 

[Act  190,  P.  A.  1881.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(218)  § 5513.  Section  1.  That  wherever  in  the  state  Railroads  to 
of  Michigan  there  shall  be  over,  above,  or  across  any  of  the  guards, 
tracks  of  any  railroad  a bridge,  crossing,  viaduct,  or  other  ob- 
struction at  a height  of  less  than  seven  feet  above  the  roof  of 

the  freight  cars  used  on  or  hauled  over  said  road ; and  when- 
ever [wherever]  there  shall  be  upon  any  railroad  in  the  state 
of  Michigan  any  bridge  or  other  structure  that  shall  have 
over  or  above  any  track  of  said  road  a transverse  beam,  girder, 
rod,  or  other  obstruction  at  a height  less  than  that  above 
mentioned,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  officers  of  such  rail- 
road to  erect  and  keep  in  repair  at  or  near  such  bridge, 
crossing,  viaduct,  or  other  obstruction,  safety  guards,  made 
and  placed  as  provided  for  in  section  two  of  this  act. 

(219)  § 5514.  Sec.  2.  The  safety  guards  mentioned  in  what  safety 
section  one  of  this  act  shall  consist  of  a transverse  rod,  beam,  f^of! to  con' 
or  timber  placed  across  the  track  or  tracks  of  said  railroad  at 

such  a height  and  at  such  distance  from  the  bridge,  viaduct 
or  other  obstruction,  as  the  commissioner  of  railroads  (rail- 
road commission)  shall  direct;  and  from  said  rod  or  beam 


78 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Proviso. 


Penalty  for 
neglect. 


Employes 
operating  cars 
to  be  pro- 
tected from 
weather  from 
November 
to  April. 


What  en- 
closure to  be 
made  of. 


shall  be  suspended  straps,  ropes  or  cords  of  such  size  and  of 
such  length  as  the  said  commissioner  (commission)  shall  also 
direct.  The  said  ropes  or  cords  shall  be  attached  to  said 
transverse  rod  or  beam  at  a distance  not  greater  than  nine 
inches  from  each  other,  for  the  space  of  eight  feet  directly 
over  the  track.  Said  guards  shall  be  placed  upon  each  side 
of  such  bridge,  viaduct,  or  other  obstruction : Provided,  That 
if  two  such  bridges  or  other  obstructions  shall  be  at  a less 
distance  apart  than  one  hundred  feet,  then  no  guard  shall  be 
required  between  them. 

(220)  § 5515.  Sec.  3.  Any  railroad  company,  lessee  or 

other  person  or  persons  operating  any  railroad  that  shall  re- 
fuse or  neglect  to  erect  the  guards  required  by  this  act  for 
the  space  of  sixty  days  after  notice  from  the  commissioner  of 
railroads  (railroad  commission)  requiring  the  erection  of 
such  guards,  shall  be  subject  to  a fine  of  not  less  than  fifty  or 
more  than  one  hundred  dollars,  to  be  collected  at  the  suit  of 
the  people  of  this  state  by  the  prosecuting  attorney  of  each 
county  wherein  such  bridge  or  obstruction  may  be  situated, 
and  for  every  twenty  days  delay  thereafter  in  erecting  such 
guards  such  company  or  person  shall  be  liable  to  the  same 
fine,  to  be  collected  as  above  provided. 


An  Act  to  require  street  railway  companies  operating  electric  cars, 
cable  or  other  cars  propelled  by  steam,  cable  or  electricity,  to  pro- 
tect certain  of  their  employes  from  the  inclemency  of  the  weather 
during  certain  months  of  the  year. 

[Act  9,  P.  A.  1895.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(221)  § 5522.  Section  1.  That  from  and  after  the 

first  day  of  January  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand 
eight  hundred  and  ninety-six,  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any 
person,  partnership  or  corporation,  owning  or  operating  a 
street  railway  in  this  state,  or  for  any  officer  or  agent  thereof, 
superintendent  or  having  charge  or  control  of  the  manage- 
ment of  such  line  of  railway,  or  the  cars  thereof,  operating 
electric,  cable  or  other  cars  propelled  either  by  steam,  cable 
or  electricity,  which  require  the  constant  services,  care  or 
attention  of  any  person  or  persons  upon  the  platforms  of  such 
car,  to  require  or  permit  such  services,  attention  or  care  of 
any  of  its  employes  or  any  other  person  or  persons  between 
the  first  day  of  November  and  the  first  day  of  April  there- 
after of  each  year  unless  such  person,  partnership  or  corpo- 
ration, its  said  officers  or  superintending  or  managing  agents, 
have  first  provided  the  platforms  of  said  car  or  cars  with  a 
proper  and  sufficient  enclosure,  constructed  of  wood,  iron  and 
glass,  or  similar,  suitable  material,  sufficient  to  protect  such 


LABOR  LAWS. 


79 


employes  from  exposure  to  the  winds  and  inclemencies  of  the 
weather:  Provided,  That  such  enclosure  shall  be  so  con- 

structed as  not  to  obstruct  the  vision  of  the  person  operating 
such  car,  or  to  endanger  or  interfere  with  its  safe  manage- 
ment by  the  operator. 

(222)  § 5523.  Sec.  2.  From  and  after  January  first,  in 
the  year  of  our  Lord,  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  ninety- 
six,  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  such  person,  partnership  or 
corporation  so  owning  or  operating  street  railways,  using 
steam,  electric  or  cable  cars,  or  any  superintending  or  man- 
aging officer  or  agent  thereof,  to  cause  or  permit  to  be  used 
upon  such  line  of  railway,  between  said  November  first  and 
April  first  of  each  and  every  year  thereafter,  any  car  or  cars 
upon  which  the  services  of  any  employe,  such  as  is  specified 
in  section  one  of  this  act,  is  required,  unless  said  car  or  cars 
shall  be  provided  with  the  enclosure  required  by  section  one 
of  this  act. 

(223)  § 5524.  Sec.  3.  Any  person,  partnership  or  cor- 
poration, owning,  operating,  superintending  or  managing  any 
such  line  of  street  railway,  or  managing  or  superintending 
officer  or  agent  thereof,  who  shall  be  found  guilty  of  a viola- 
tion of  the  provisions  of  section  one  or  two  of  this  act,  shall 
be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and  Upon  conviction 
thereof  shall  be  punished  by  a fine  of  not  less  than  fifty  dol- 
lars nor  more  than  one  hundred  dollars,  and  in  default  of 
payment  of  the  same,  by  imprisonment  in  the  common  jail  of 
the  county  in  which  such  conviction  is  had  until  such  fine 
shall  be  paid,  but  for  a period  not  exceeding  the  term  of  three 
months.  Each  day  that  any  of  said  person  or  persons,  part- 
nership, or  corporation,  cause  or  permit  any  of  their  said  em- 
ployes to  operate  such  cars  in  violation  of  the  provisions  of 
sections  one  and  two  of  this  act,  or  cause  or  permit  cars  to  be 
used  or  operated  in  violation  of  said  section  two  of  this  act, 
shall  be  deemed  a separate  offense : Provided,  That  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act  shall  not  apply  to  cars  used  and  known  as 
trailing  cars. 

(224)  § 5525.  Sec.  4.  It  is  hereby  made  the  duty  of 
the  prosecuting  attorney  of  any  county  in  which  any  such 
street  railway  is  situated  and  operated,  upon  any  information 
given  him  by  any  credible  person,  or  upon  knowledge  that 
he  may  possess  that  any  person,  partnership  or  corporation 
has  violated  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  act,  to  promptly 
prosecute  such  person,  members  of  such  partnership  or  cor- 
poration for  such  violation. 


Proviso. 


Unlawful  to 
use  cars  not 
properly  con- 
structed. 


Violation  of 
act  a misde- 
meanor. 


Penalty. 


Proviso  as  to 
trailing  cars. 


Prosecuting 
attorney  to 
prosecute. 


80 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Machine 
drills,  how 
operated,  etc. 


Penalty  for 
violation. 


Penalties, 
collection  and 
disposition  of. 


Safeguard  on 
corn  huskers. 


An  Aot  to  regulate  the  operation  of  power  or  machine  drills  in  the 
iron  and  copper  mines  in  this  state,  to  safeguard  persons  operating 
the  same,  and  to  provide  for  the  enforcement  of  the  provisions 
of  this  act. 


[Act  220,  P.  A.  1913.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(225)  Section  1.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  person  or 
persons,  firm  or  corporation  operating  any  iron  or  copper 
mine  within  the  state  of  Michigan  to  so  arrange  and  regulate 
its  system  of  work  underground,  that  no  employe  shall  be 
permitted  or  required  to  operate  any  power  or  machine  drill 
at  a distance  of  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  in  the 
same  drift,  stope,  opening  or  working  from  where  another 
person  or  persons  are  regularly  and  continuously  employed. 

(226)  Sec.  2.  Any  person  or  persons,  firm  or  corpora- 
tion, requiring  or  allowing  any  miner  to  operate  any  power 
or  machine  drill  in  violation  of  the  provisions  of  section  one 
of  this  act,  shall  be  liable  to  a penalty  of  twenty-five  dollars 
for  each  and  every  day  any  miner  shall  be  so  required  or 
allowed  to  operate  said  power  or  machine  drill;  said  penalty 
to  be  recovered  in  an  action  of  debt  or  assumpsit  in  the 
name  of  the  people  of  the  state  of  Michigan. 

(227)  Sec.  3.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  prosecuting  at- 
torney of  each  of  the  counties  of  this  state  and  also  of  the 
attorney  general,  in  case  suit  is  not  brought  by  the  prose- 
cuting attorney,  to  sue  for,  and  collect  all  such  penalties;  all 
money  collected  on  account  of  such  penalties  shall  be  paid 
to  the  state  treasurer. 


An  Act  requiring  corn  huskers  to  be  protected  by  an  automatic 
feeder  or  other  safety  device,  and  making  the  sale  or  use  thereof, 
unless  so  protected,  a misdemeanor. 

[Act  124,  P.  A.  1907.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(228)  Section  1.  Hereafter  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any 
person,  partnership,  association  or  corporation,  or  for  any 
officer  or  agent  thereof,  to  sell  or  offer  for  sale,  or  to  use  with- 
in the  state  of  Michigan,  the  machine  commonly  known  as  a 
corn  liusker,  unless  the  same  is  safeguarded  by  an  automatic 
feeder  or  other  safety  device,  that  shall  compel  the  person, 
or  persons,  feeding  said  machine,  to  stand  at  a reasonably 
safe  distance  from  the  snapping  rollers,  and  designed  effectu- 
ally to  protect  the  person  or  persons  operating  the  same  from 
bodily  injury  while  engaged  in  such  operation. 

Garfield  v.  Lapham,  173  / 217. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


81 


(229)  Sec.  2.  Any  person,  partnership,  association  or  Penalty  for 
corporation,  or  officer  or  agent  thereof,  who  shall  be  found  V10latl0n- 
guilty  of  a violation  of  the  provisions  of  section  one  of  this 
act,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor  and  upon  con- 
viction thereof,  shall  be  punished  by  a fine  not  exceeding  one 
hundred  dollars,  or  imprisonment  not  exceeding  ninety  days, 
or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment,  in  the  discretion  of 
the  court. 


An  Act  to  prevent  accidents  by  line  shafting  used  on  fair  grounds 
or  other  public  places  where  machinery  is  running  on  exhibi- 
tion. 

[Act  156,  P.  A.  1885.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(230)  § 5550.  Section  1.  That  all  shafting  put  up  for  certain 

the  running  of  machinery  on  exhibition  in  this  state,  where  protected.0  be 
the  public  are  invited  to  assemble,  shall  be  so  put  up  as  to 
prevent  any  person  or  persons  coming  in  contact  with  the 
same. 

(231)  § 5551.  Sec.  2.  An}'  person  or  persons  using  shaft-  Penalty  for 
ing  as  named  in  section  one  of  this  act,  who  shall  refuse  or  pSance”1 
neglect  to  comply  with  the  same  before  setting  said  shafting 

in  motion  for  exhibition,  shall  be  guilty  of  a misdemeanor, 
and  on  conviction  thereof  shall  pay  a fine  not  exceeding  one 
hundred  dollars  and  costs  of  prosecution,  or  imprisonment 
in  the  county  jail  not  exceeding  ninety  days,  or  both  such 
fine  and  imprisonment,  in  the  discretion  of  the  court;  and 
any  company,  corporation  or  individual  shall  also  be  liable 
for  all  damages  which  shall  be  sustained  by  any  person  by 
reason  of  such  refusal  or  neglect. 


An  Act  to  provide  for  the  reporting  of  occupational  diseases  by 

physicians. 

[Act  119,  P.  A.  1911.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(232)  Section  1.  Every  physician  attending  or  called  up-  physicians, 
on  to  treat  a patient  whom  he  believes  to  be  suffering  from  duty  of- 
poisoning  from  lead,  phosphorus,  arsenic  or  mercury,  or  their 
compounds,  or  from  anthrax,  or  from  compressed  air  illness, 
contracted  as  a result  of  the  nature  of  the  patient’s  employ- 
ment, shall  send  to  the  state  board  of  health,  who  shall 
transmit  to  the  commissioner  of  labor  a notice  stating  the 
11 


82 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Failure  to 
report. 


Prosecutions. 


License 

required. 

Fee. 

Expiration. 

Revocation. 


Fees,  disposi- 
tion of. 


name,  postoffice  address  and  place  of  employment  of  the 
patient,  the  length  of  time  of  such  employment,  and  the  dis- 
ease from  which  in  the  opinion  of  the  physician,  the  patient 
is  suffering. 

(233)  Sec.  2.  Any  physician  who  shall  fail  to  make  any 
report  required  by  the  preceding  section,  or  who  shall  wil- 
fully make  any  false  statement  in  such  report,  shall  be 
deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor  and  on  conviction  thereof 
shall  be  punished  by  a fine  of  not  more  than  fifty  dollars. 

(234)  Sec.  3.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  commissioner  of 
labor  and  of  the  prosecuting  attorney  of  the  county  where 
any  one  violating  the  provisions  of  this  act  may  reside,  to 
prosecute  all  violations  of  the  provisions  of  this  act  which 
shall  come  to  the  knowledge  of  them  or  either  of  them. 


CHAPTER  VI.— PRIVATE  EMPLOYMENT  AGENCIES. 

An  Act  to  provide  for  the  licensing,  bonding  and  regulation  of  pri- 
vate employment  agencies,  the  limiting  of  the  amount  of  the  fee 
charged  by  such  agencies,  the  refunding  of  such  fees  in  certain 
cases,  the  imposing  of  obligations  on  persons,  firms  or  corporations 
which  have  induced  workmen  to  travel  in  the  hope  of  securing 
employment,  charging  the  commissioner  of  labor  with  the  enforce- 
ment of  this  act  and  empowering  him  to  make  rules  and  regula- 
tions, and  fixing  penalties  for  the  violation  hereof. 

[Act  301,  P.  A.  1913.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(235)  Section  1.  No  person,  firm  or  corporation  in  this 
state  shall  open,  operate  or  maintain  a private  employment 
agency  where  a fee  is  charged  to  persons  seeking  employment, 
without  first  obtaining  a license  for  the  same  from  the  com- 
missioner of  labor,  and  the  fee  for  such  license  shall  be 
twenty-five  dollars  per  annum  except  in  cities  over  two  hun- 
dred thousand  population,  where  it  shall  be  one  hundred  dol- 
lars per  annum.  Every  license  shall  be  void  after  the  thirty- 
first  day  of  December  of  the  year  in  which  it  was  issued. 
The  form  of  the  license  shall  be  fixed  by  the  commissioner  of 
labor  and  it  shall  be  non-transferable.  The  license  may  be 
revoked  by  the  commissioner  of  labor  whenever  in  his  judg- 
ment, after  full  hearing,  the  licensed  agency  shall  have  violated 
any  of  the  provisions  of  this  act.  The  commissioner  of  labor 
is  hereby  charged  with  the  enforcement  of  the  terms  of  this 
act  and  empowered  to  make  such  rules  or  regulations  as  are 
consistent  with  it  and  aid  in  its  enforcement  and  he  shall 
direct  copies  or  excerpts  of  this  act  to  be  kept  conspicuously 
posted  in  every  licensed  agency.  The  commissioner  of  labor 
shall  turn  into  the  state  treasury  all  fees  collected  under  this 
act. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


83 


(236)  Sec.  2.  The  commissioner  of  labor,  before  granting  Surety  bond 
a license,  shall  require  each  applicant  to  furnish  a surety  bond  reqmred' 
in  the  penal  sum  of  one  thousand  dollars,  conditioned  that 

the  obligor  will  not  violate  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

The  commissioner  of  labor  is  authorized  to  cause  an  action 
to  be  brought  on  said  bond  in  the  name  of  the  people  of  the 
state  of  Michigan  for  the  violation  of  any  of  its  conditions. 

If  any  person  shall  be  aggrieved  because  of  the  violation  by 
such  licensed  agency  of  any  provision  of  this  act,  such  person 
may  maintain  an  action,  in  his  own  name,  upon  the  bond  of 
said  employment  agency  in  any  court  having  jurisdiction  of 
the  amount  claimed. 

(237)  Sec.  3.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  licensed  agency  Registers  to 
to  keep  a register  in  which  shall  be  truthfully  entered  the  be  kept- 
date  of  application,  age,  sex,  nativity,  trade  or  occupation, 

name  and  address  of  every  person  who  applies  for  employ- 
ment at  such  agency,  the  amount  of  the  fee  charged  and  the 
wages  to  be  paid.  Such  licensed  agency  shall  also  keep  a 
register  in  which  shall  be  truthfully  entered  the  name  and 
address  of  every  person  who  applies  for  help  at  such  agency, 
the  place  of  proposed  employment,  the  nature  of  the  work  to 
be  done  and  the  wages  offered. 

(238)  Sec.  4.  Every  licensed  agency  shall  issue  a receipt  Receipts, 
to  each  person  seeking  employment  who  has  paid  a fee,  which 
receipt  shall  contain  the  name  and  address  of  the  agency 
issuing  it,  together  with  all  the  information  regarding  the 
particular  transaction  hereinbefore  required  to  be  entered 

in  both  registers  of  the  agency.  Such  agency  shall  also  issue 
a receipt  to  each  person  seeking  employment  who  has  paid  a 
fee  for  registering  in  such  agency. 

(239)  Sec.  5.  The  entire  fee  or  fees  for  the  procuring  Fee, limit  of . 
of  one  situation  or  job  and  for  all  expenses,  incidental 
thereto,  to  be  received  by  any  employment  agency,  from  any 
applicant  for  employment  at  any  time,  whether  for  registra- 
tion or  other  purposes,  shall  not  exceed  ten  per  cent  of  the 

first  month’s  wages.  Such  ten  per  cent  shall  be  determined  by 
the  monthly  rate  offered  by  the  applicant  for  help,  regardless 
of  the  time  during  which  the  applicant  for  employment  re- 
mains at  the  employment  procured  him.  Where  a registra-  Repayment, 
tion  fee  is  charged,  if  the  applicant,  through  no  fault  of  his 
own,  does  not  secure  through  the  employment  agency  to 
which  the  fee  has  been  paid,  within  one  month,  the  employ- 
ment applied  for,  said  agency  shall  repay  to  said  applicant, 
upon  demand,  one-half  the  full  amount  of  the  registration  fee 
paid.  No  registration  fee  shall  exceed  the  sum  of  one  dollar. 

(240)  Sec.  6.  No  employment  agent  or  agency  shall  send  Jbufdpro’ 
an  applicant  for  employment  to  an  employer  who  has  not  1 1 e 
applied  to  such  agent  or  agency  for  help  or  labor.  Nor  shall 

any  licensed  agency  fraudulently  promise  or  deceive,  whether 
through  a false  notice  or  advertisement  or  other  means,  any 
applicant  for  help  or  employment  with  regard  to  the  service 
to  be  rendered  by  such  licensed  agency  and  every  such  agency 


84 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Idem. 


Penalty. 


Children  of 
certain  ages 
required  to 
attend  school. 


Proviso. 


Exceptions. 


shall  be  liable  civilly  to  any  person  who  is  led  to  expend 
money  uselessly  for  transportation  or  other  purposes  through 
the  misrepresentations  or  false  promises  of  such  agency. 

(241)  Sec.  7.  No  employment  agency  or  person  connected 
therewith  shall  direct  any  person  applying  for  employment 
to  any  house  of  prostitution  or  immoral  resort.  No  licensed 
agency  shall  be  conducted  in,  or  in  connection  with,  any 
place  where  intoxicating  liquors  are  sold. 

(242)  Sec.  8.  Any  person  who  violates  or  omits  to  com- 
ply with  any  provision  of  this  act,  or  who  interferes  in  any 
manner  with  the  commissioner  of  labor  or  any  of  his  deputies 
in  its  enforcement  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor 
and  on  conviction  shall  be  punished  by  a fine  of  not  less  than 
twenty-five  dollars  nor  more  than  two  hundred  dollars  or 
by  imprisonment  for  not  less  than  ten  nor  more  than  ninety 
days  or  b}r  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment  in  the  discretion 
of  the  court. 


CHAPTER  VII.— COMPULSORY  EDUCATION. 

An  Act  to  provide  for  the  compulsory  education  of  children,  for 
penalties  for  failure  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and 
to  repeal  all  acts  or  parts  of  acts  conflicting  with  the  provisions 
of  the  same. 


[Act  200,  P.  A.  1905.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(243)  Section  1.  Every  parent,  guardian  or  other  per- 
son in  the  state  of  Michigan,  having  control  and  charge  of 
any  child  between  the  ages  of  seven  and  sixteen  years,  shall 
be  required  to.  send  such  child  to  the  public  schools  during 
the  entire  school  year,  and  such  attendance  shall  be  con- 
tinuous and  consecutive  for  the  school  year  fixed  by  the  dis- 
trict in  which  such  parent,  guardian  or  other  person  in 
parental  relation  may  reside:  Provided,  That  in  the  follow- 
ing cases  children  shall  not  be  required  to  attend  the  public 
schools : 

(a)  Any  child  who  is  being  taught  in  a private  or  paro- 
chial school  such  branches  as  are  usually  taught  in  the  pub- 
lic schools  to  children  of  corresponding  age,  or  who,  upon 
the  completion  of  the  work  in  such  schools,  shall  present 
satisfactory  evidence  to  the  county  commissioner  of  schools, 
and  in  appropriate  cases,  to  the  superintendent  of  schools, 
that  he  has  completed  sufficient  work  to  entitle  him  to  an 
eighth  grade  diploma; 

(b)  Any  child  who  has  received  an  eighth  grade  diploma 
from  the  public  schools; 

(c)  Any  child  who  is  physically  unable  to  attend  school. 
If  the  truant  officer  is  notified  of  ithe  non-attendance  of  any 


LABOR  LAWS. 


85 


child  at  school,  and  he  shall  find  the  one  in  parental  control 
claiming  that  such  child  is  physically  unable  to  attend  school, 
the  truant  officer  may  secure  a written  statement  of  a com- 
petent physician,  certifying  that  such  child  is  physically 
unable  to  attend  school; 

(d)  Children  over  fourteen  years  of  age  whose  services 
are  essential  to  the  support  of  their  parents  may  be  excused 
by  the  county  commissioner  of  schools  or  city  superintendent 
of  schools  from  attendance  at  school,  on  the  recommendation 
of  the  board  of  education  of  the  district  in  which  such  chil- 
dren reside,  and  said  board  shall  certify  to  the  officers  herein 
mentioned  the  facts  in  all  such  cases ; 

(e)  Children  under  nine  years  of  age,  whose  parents  do 
not  reside  within  two  and  one-half  miles,  by  the  nearest 
traveled  road,  of  some  public  school : Provided,  That  if  trans-  Proviso, 
portation  is  furnished  for  pupils  in  said  district,  this  ex- 
emption shall  not  apply; 

(f)  Any  child  twelve  to  fourteen  years  of  age  while  in  at- 
tendance at  confirmation  classes  conducted  for  a period  of 

not  to  exceed  five  months  in  either  of  said  years : Provided,  Proviso, 

however,  That  any  child  claiming  exemption  from  attending  pSmi£ment 
school  under  subdivisions  (a)  or  (b)  hereof,  shall  secure 
such  permit  as  may  be  required  under  the  statutes  of  Mich- 
igan covering  the  employment  of  minors,  and  shall  be  regu- 
larly employed  at  some  lawful  work  if  physically  able  to  do 
so. 

Am.  1907,  Act  74;  1913,  Act  47. 

The  provision  of  the  original  act,  requiring  the  compulsory  education  of 
children  “between  and  including  the  ages  of  seven  and  fifteen  years,”  did  not 
require  the  sending  to  school  of  a child  between  the  ages  of  fifteen  and 
sixteen. — Jackson  v.  Mason,  145  / 338.  The  board  of  supervisors  may  re- 
imburse a deputy  sheriff  for  attorney’s  fees  paid  to  defend  himself  against 
an  action  of  malicious  prosecution  for  arrest  on  a warrant  fair  on  its  face, 
issued  under  this  act,  where  the  officer  acted  in  good  faith  and  was  held  not 
liable. — Messmore  v.  Kracht,  172  / 120. 

(244)  Sec.  2.  The  county  commissioner  of  schools  in  each  £°^yfficer 
county  shall  select  a person  of  good  moral  character  to  act  bmfdfetc cer’ 
as  truant  officer  for  the  county.  The  person  so  selected  shall 
file  with  the  county  clerk  his  acceptance  and  oath  of  office 
and  a bond  in  the  sum  of  one  thousand  dollars,  with  two 
sufficient  sureties  to  be  approved  by  the  county  clerk.  The  powers, 
person  so  selected  shall  be  known  as  the  county  truant  officer, 
and  he  shall  have  all  the  powers  of  a deputy  sheriff,  and  he 
shall  perform  the  duties  of  truant  officer  in  all  school  dis- 
tricts of  the  county  when  directed  to  do  so  by  the  county 
commissioner  of  schools,  except  as  hereinafter  provided : Pro-  Proviso, 
vided,  That  in  cities  having  a duly  organized  police  force  it  Clties' 
shall  be  the  duty  of  the  police  authorities,  at  the  request  of 
the  board  of  education,  to  detail  one  or  more  members  of 
such  police  force  to  perform  the  duties  of  the  truant  officer 
in  such  city,  but  this  provision  shall  not  be  construed  as 
prohibiting  such  board  of  education  from  appointing  any  cit- 
izen not  a police  officer  as  truant  officer:  Provided  further,  Proviso, 

That  in  graded  school  districts  the  board  of  education  shall  listricts.cho° 


86 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Proviso,  U.  P. 


Proviso. 


Bonds. 


County 
truant  officer, 
compensation. 


How  paid. 


Proviso. 


School 

director,  duty 
of. 


Teacher,  duty 
of. 


have  authority  to  appoint  one  or  more  truant  officers  and 
fix  the  compensation  of  the  same,  said  compensation  to  be 
paid  by  the  district : And  Provided  further,  That  in  all  town- 
ships of  the  upper  peninsula  organized  as  township  unit 
districts,  the  board  of  education  of  such  township  shall  have 
authority  to  appoint  one  or  more  truant  officers  for  said 
township  and  fix  the  compensation  for  such  sendee,  said  com- 
pensation to  be  paid  from  the  proper  funds  of  such  school 
district.  For  all  townships  of  the  upper  peninsula  not  or- 
ganized as  township  unit  districts  the  county  truant  officer 
appointed  as  herein  prescribed  shall  act:  Provided,  That  if 
in  any  graded  district  or  township  the  board  of  education  does 
not  appoint  a truant  officer,  the  county  truant  officer  shall  act 
in  such  district  or  township.  The  truant'officers  herein  pro- 
vided for  in  cities,  graded  school  districts  and  township  unit 
districts  shall  give  bonds  to  the  board  of  education  in  the 
sum  of  five  hundred  dollars,  said  bonds  to  be  approved  by 
the  board  of  education  and  filed  with  said  board,  and  such 
officers  shall  have,  within  their  jurisdiction  and  while  in  the 
performance  of  the  duties  of  truant  officer,  the  powers  of  the 
deputy  sheriff.  The  compensation  of  the  county  truant  officer 
shall  be  three  dollars  per  day  for  every  day  actually  engaged 
in  the  discharge  of  his  duties,  and  actual  expenses,  and  all 
bills  for  such  sendee  shall  be  certified  by  the  county  commis- 
sioner of  schools.  In  cities,  when  the  board  of  education  ap- 
points a truant  officer  other  than  a police  officer,  said  board 
shall  fix  the  compensation  for  such  truant  officer  and  pay 
such  officer  from  the  incidental  fund.  The  compensation  and 
actual  expenses  of  the  county  tmant  officer  shall  be  allowed 
and  paid  in  the  same  manner  as  the  compensation  of  other 
county  officers  is  allowed  and  paid  by  the  county;  and  when 
the  police  authorities  detail  one  or  more  members  of  the 
force  as  truant  officers,  they  shall  receive  such  compensation 
and  actual  expenses  for  such  service  as  the  board  of  aldermen 
or  police  commission  may  determine,  and  be  paid  from  the 
same  fund  as  the  police  authorities  are  usually  paid : Pro- 

vided, That  this  act  shall  not  be  so  construed  as  to  affect  any 
existing  appointment. 

Am.  1007,  Act  74;  1911,  Act  255. 

(245)  Sec.  3.  (a)  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  school  di- 
rector of  all  school  districts,  except  in  city,  graded  and  town- 
ship districts,  to  provide  the  teacher,  at  the  commencement 
of  the  school,  with  a copy  of  the  last  school  census,  together 
with  the  names  and  addresses  of  the  persons  in  parental  rela- 
tion, also  address  of  the  county  commissioner  of  schools.  The 
teacher  shall,  at  the  opening  of  school  and  at  such  other  times 
as  may  be  necessary,  compare  said  census  list  with  the  en- 
rollment of  the  school  and  report  to  the  county  commissioner 
of  schools  the  names  of  the  parents  or  other  persons  in 
parental  relation  whose  children  of  the  ages  hereinbefore  men- 
tioned are  not  in  regular  attendance  at  school,  also  the 


LABOR  LAWS. 


87 


names  of  parents  or  other  persons  in  parental  relation  who 
have  children  of  school  age  not  included  in  such  census  and 
who  do  not  attend  school; 

(b)  In  all  city,  graded  and  township  districts,  the  secre- 
tary of  the  board  of  education  shall,  at  the  commencement  of 
school,  furnish  a copy  of  the  last  school  census  to  the  super- 
intendent of  schools  in  such  city,  together  with  the  name  and 
address  of  the  truant  officer  under  whose  jurisdiction  they 
act,  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  said  superintendent  at  the 
opening  of  school  to  compare  said  census  list  with  the  en- 
rollment of  the  school  or  schools,  and  from  time  to  time  as 
it  may  be  necessary  report  to  the  proper  truant  officer  the 
names  and  addresses  of  any  parents  or  other  persons  in 
parental  relation  whose  children  of  the  ages  hereinbefore 
mentioned  are  not  in  regular  attendance  at  the  public  schools, 
also  names  of  parents  or  others  in  parental  relation  whose 
children  are  not  in  the  school  and  whose  names  are  not  in- 
cluded in  such  census; 

(c)  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  truant  officer  of  the  city 
or  district,  whenever  notified  by  the  teacher,  superintendent, 
or  other  person  or  persons  of  violations  of  this  act,  and  the 
county  truant  officer,  when  notified  by  the  commissioner  of 
schools,  to  investigate  all  such  cases  of  truancy  or  non-attend- 
ance at  school,  and  if  the  children  complained  of  are  not 
exempt  from  the  provisions  of  this  act  under  the  conditions 
named  in  section  one,  then  he  shall  immediately  proceed  as  is 
provided  in  section  four  of.  this  act:  Provided,  That  it  shall 
be  the  duty  of  the  county  truant  officer  when  requested  to  do 
so  by  the  county  commissioner  of  schools  to  inspect  the  out- 
houses in  primary  districts  and  order  repairs  on  the  same, 
and  in  case  the  district  board,  after  proper  notification  by  the 
truant  officer,  fails  to  have  such  outhouses  put  in  proper  and 
sanitary  condition  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  said  truant 
officer  to  have  such  work  done  at  the  expense  of  the  district; 

(d)  In  case  any  parent  or  other  person  in  parental  rela- 
tion shall  fail  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of  this  act,  he 
shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor,  and  shall  on  convic- 
tion thereof  be  fined  not  less  than  five  dollars  nor  more  than 
fifty  dollars,  or  imprisoned  in  the  county  or  city  jail  for  not 
less  than  two  nor  more  than  ninety  days,  or  both  such  fine 
and  imprisonment  in  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

Am.  Id. 

(246)  Sec.  4.  (a)  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  county  com- 
missioner of  schools  to  furnish  the  truant  officer  of  the  county, 
at  the  opening  of  the  schools,  with  a list  of  the  teachers  and 
superintendents  employed  in  his  county  in  school  districts 
other  than  in  such  city  graded  and  township  districts  as 
aie  described  in  section  two  of  this  act; 

(b)  In  case  any  parent  or  other  person  in  parental  rela- 
tion shall  fail  to  send  the  child  or  children  under  his  or  her 
control  to  the  public  school,  the  truant  officer,  upon  having 


Secretary  of 
board  of 
education, 
duty  of. 


Truant  officer 
duty  of. 


Proviso. 


Penalty  for 
non- 

compliance. 


Commissioner 
of  schools, 
duty  of. 


Notice  to 
parent. 


88 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Notice,  what 
to  state. 


Notice  to 
teacher  or 
superin- 
tendent. 


Truant 
officers, 
duty  of. 


Complaint. 


Warrant. 


Conviction. 


Proviso, 

recorder’s 

court. 


Assistance 

rendered 

officer. 


notice  from  proper  authority  of  such  fact,  shall  immediately 
and  within  twenty-four  hours  thereafter  give  formal  written 
notice  in  person  or  by  registered  mail,  to  the  parent  or  other 
person  in  parental  relation,  that  the  child  or  children  under 
his  or  her  control  shall  present  himself  or  themselves  at  the 
public  school,  except  as  hereinbefore  provided,  on  the  day  fol- 
lowing the  receipt  of  such  notice,  with  the  necessary  text- 
books for  instruction  in  the  proper  school  or  schools  of  the 
district  or  city.  Said  notice  shall  inform  the  parent  or  other 
person  in  parental  relation  of  the  date  that  attendance  must 
begin  and  that  such  attendance  at  school  must  be  continuous 
and  consecutive  during  the  remainder  of  the  school  year  as 
taught  in  the  district.  The  truant  officer  shall,  at  the  same 
time  the  said  formal  notice  is  given  to  the  parent  or  per- 
son in  parental  relation,  notify  the  teacher  or  superintend- 
ent or  commissioner  of  the  fact  of  notice,  and  it  shall  be 
the  duty  of  the  teacher  or  superintendent  or  commissioner  to 
notify  the  truant  officer  of  failure  on  the  part  of  the  parent 
or  other  person  in  parental  relation  to  comply  with  said 
notice ; 

(c)  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  all  truant  officers,  after  having 
given  the  formal  notice  hereinbefore  described,  to  determine 
whether  the  parent  or  other  person  in  parental  relation  has 
complied  with  the  notice,  and  in  case  of  failure  to  so  comply 
he  shall  immediately  and  within  three  days  after  having 
knowledge  or  being  notified  thereof,  make  a complaint  against 
said  parent  or  other  person  in  parental  relation  having  the 
legal  charge  and  control  of  such  child  or  children,  before 
any  justice  of  the  peace  in  the  city,  village  or  township 
where  such  party  resides,  or  in  an  adjoining  township  or  city 
in  such  county,  for  such  refusal  or  neglect  to  send  such  child 
or  children  to  school;  and  said  justice  of  the  peace  shall  issue 
a warrant  upon  said  complaint  and  shall  proceed  to  hear 
and  determine  the  same  in  the  same  manner  as  is  provided 
by  statute  for  other  cases  under  his  jurisdiction,  and  in  case 
of  conviction  of  any  parent  or  other  person  in  parental  rela- 
tion for  violation  of  this  act,  said  parent  or  other  person  in 
parental  relation  shall  be  punished  according  to  the  pro- 
visions of  section  three  of  this  act:  Provided,  That  in  cities 
having  a recorder’s  court  and  justices  of  the  peace,  the  truant 
officer  shall  make  the  aforesaid  complaint  before  the  magis- 
trate of  said  recorder’s  court  or  before  a justice  of  the  peace, 
and  said  magistrate  or  justice  shall  issue  a warrant  and  pro- 
ceed to  hear  and  determine  the  case  in  the  same  manner  as 
is  provided  in  the  statute  for  other  cases  under  his  jurisdic- 
tion ; 

(d)  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  all  school  officers,  superintend 
ents,  teachers  or  other  persons  to  render  such  assistance  and 
furnish  such  information  as  they  may  have  at  their  command 
to  aid  such  truant  officer  in  the  performance  of  his  official 
duty. 


Am.  1907,  Act  74;  1909,  Act  63. 


LABOR  LAWS. 


89 


(247)  Sec.  5.  In  any  graded  or  city  district  in  this  state, 
the  school  board  or  officers  having  in  charge  the  schools  of 
such  districts  may  establish  one  or  more  ungraded  schools 
for  the  instruction  of  certain  children  as  defined  and  set 
forth  in  the  following  section.  They  may,  through  the  truant 
officer  and  superintendent  of  schools,  require  such  children 
to  attend  said  ungraded  schools,  or  any  department  of  their 
graded  schools,  as  said  board  of  education  may  direct. 

(248)  Sec.  6.  The  following  classes  of  persons  between 
and  including  the  ages  of  seven  and  sixteen  years  residing  in 
graded  school  districts  or  cities  as  described  in  section  five 
of  this  act  shall  be  deemed  juvenile  disorderly  persons  and 
shall,  in  the  judgment  of  the  proper  school  authorities,  be  as- 
signed to  the  ungraded  school  or  schools  as  provided  in 
section  five  of  this  act : Class  one,  habitual  truants  from  any 
school  in  which  they  are  enrolled  as  pupils;  class  two,  chil- 
dren, who,  while  attending  any  school,  are  incorrigibly  turbu- 
lent, disobedient  or  insubordinate,  or  are  vicious  and  immoral 
in  conduct;  class  three,  children  who  are  not  attending  any 
school  and  who  habitually  frequent  streets  and  other  public 
places,  having  no  lawful  business,  employment  or  occupation. 

Sec.  7 repeals  Act  95  of  1895,  being  C.  L.  1897,  §§  4847-4852. 

A charge  that  respondent  was  a disorderly  juvenile  offender,  in  that  she 
neglected  and  refused  to  go  to  school  and  was  a truant  and  is  an  unmanage- 
able child,  is  insufficient  to  sustain  a conviction  (C.  L.  1897,  § 11765). — People 
v.  Turja,  157/530. 


An  Act  to  provide  for  the  compulsory  education  of  deaf  children. 

[Act  48,  P.  A.  1907.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact: 

(249)  Section  1.  Every  parent,  guardian  or  other  per- 
son in  the  state  of  Michigan  having  control  or  charge  of  any 
child  or  children  between  the  ages  of  seven  and  eighteen 
years,  and  who  by  reason  of  deafness  or  imperfect  hearing 
cannot  be  taught  successfully  in  the  public  schools,  shall  be 
required  to  send  such  child  or  children  to  a day  school  for 
the  deaf,  the  Michigan  school  for  the  deaf,  located  at  Flint, 
or  to  such  other  school  for  the  deaf  as  the  said  parent,  guar- 
dian, or  other  person  in  parental  control,  prefers : Provided, 
That  should  the  parent,  guardian  or  other  person  in  parental 
control  of  said  child  or  children  fail  to  meet  the  foregoing 
provision,  then  such  child  or  children  shall  be  sent  to  the 
Michigan  school  for  the  deaf,  located  at  Flint. 

(250)  Sec.  2.  In  cases  where  such  parent,  guardian  or 
Other  person,  on  account  of  their  poverty,  are  unable  to 
furnish  such  child  or  children  with  transportation  to  and 
from 'such  school,  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Michigan  school 
for  the  deaf  shall  furnish  such  transportation  each  year,  and 


School  boards, 
may  establish 
ungraded 
schools. 


May  require 
attendance. 


Juvenile 
disorderly 
persons, 
who  deemed. 


When  children 
to  be  sent  to  a 
school  for  the 
deaf,  j _ 


Proviso. ' TZ1 


Transporta- 
tion given  poor 
children. 


90 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN. 


Sums,  how 
paid  and 
where  charged. 


Certain  act  to 
apply. 


the  said  board  of  trustees  may  include  therewith  transporta- 
tion for  such  parent,  guardian  or  other  person  to  said  school 
and  return,  where  the  child  is  under  twelve  years  of  age,  and 
for  that  purpose  may  issue  a certificate  directed  to  the 
auditor  general  that  said  amount  is  necessary  for  the  benefit 
of  such  individuals,  Avho  shall  draw  his  warrant  upon  the 
state  treasurer  therefor;  and  anyj  such  sums  are  hereby 
appropriated  and  shall  be  paid  out  of  any  moneys  in  the  gen- 
eral fund,  not  otherwise  appropriated,  and  the  auditor  gen- 
eral shall  charge  all  such  moneys,  so  drawn,  to  the  county  of 
which  such  parent,  guardian  or  other  person  is  a resident, 
or  to  which  he  or  she  belongs,  to  be  collected  and  returned 
to  the  general  fund  the  same  as  any  state  taxes  are  required 
to  be  by  law. 

(251)  Sec.  3.  Act  number  two  hundred  of  the  public 
acts  of  nineteen  hundred  five,  entitled  “An  act  to  provide 
for  the  compulsory  education  of  children,  for  penalties  for 
failure  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  to 
repeal  all  acts  or  parts  of  acts  conflicting  with  the  provisions 
of  the  same,”  shall  apply  in  the  execution  of  this  act,  and  the 
officers  mentioned  in  said  act  shall  be  required  to  report  all 
cases  of  deaf  children  residing  in  their  jurisdiction  to  the 
superintendent  of  the  Michigan  school  for  the  deaf,  and  they 
shall  enforce  this  act  in  the  same  manner  as  the  said  act 
number  two  hundred  of  nineteen  hundred  five  is  enforced. 
The  same  penalties  prescribed  for  violation  of  said  act  are 
hereby  prescribed  for  violation  of  this  act. 


Penalties. 


INDEX. 


INDEX 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 


A. 

ABANDONED  MINES: 

map  of,  to  be  made 

precautions,  when  approaching 

protection  of 

ABANDONMENT: 

of  mine,  duty  of  owners  previous  to 

ABSORBENT  COTTON: 

to  be  kept  on  hand  in  foundries 

ACCIDENTS: 

collection  of  information  as  to 

report  of,  by  mine  owners 

liability  for,  in  mines,  in  certain  cases 

annual  report  of,  by  county  mine  inspector 

report  of,  to  commissioner 

AFFIDAVIT: 

when  required  for  employment  permit 

of  parent,  required  for  age  certificate 

of  service  of  order  on  superintendent,  etc.,  by  factory  inspector 

AGE: 

issue  of  certificates  of 

AGENT: 

when  order  for  improvements  may  be  served  on 

AGENTS,  SPECIAL: 

(See  Special  agents.) 

ALARM: 

low  water,  when  required  on  boiler 

device  for,  to  be  approved  by  chief  factory  inspector 

ALCOHOLIC  LIQUORS: 

certain  persons  not  to  be  employed  where  manufactured,  etc 

AMUSEMENT: 

place  of,  employment  of  child  in 

ANIMAL  OIL: 

only  pure,  to  be  used  for  illuminating  in  coal  mines 

ANNUAL  INSPECTION: 

of  workshops,  etc 

report  of,  to  governor 

ANNUAL  REPORT: 

of  commissioner,  printing  of,  authorized 

to  be  made  to  governor 

to  include  results  of  coal  mine  inspection 

of  coal  mine  owners  to  inspector 

of  county  mine  inspector,  contents,  filing,  etc 

APARTMENT  HOUSES: 

factory  inspectors  may  order  fire  escapes  on 

APARTMENTS: 

regulation  of,  when  used  for  manufacture  of  clothing,  etc 

APPOINTMENT: 

of  commissioner  of  labor  and  deputy 

of  factory  inspectors  and  assistants 

of  assistants  in  free  employment  bureau 

of  inspector  of  coal  mines 

APPROPRIATION: 

annual,  for  department 

ASSESSORS: 

when  to  obtain  information  for  department 

ASSISTANTS: 

appointment  of,  by  commissioner 

to  De  under  control  of  commissioner 

ATTENDANCE  OF  WITNESSES: 

may  be  compelled 

AUDITOR  GENERAL: 

to  audit  and  draw  warrant  for  expenses  of  annual  inspection 

to  draw  warrant  for  expenses  of  employment  bureaus 

to  levy  annual  tax  for  department 

to  draw  warrants  for  salary  and  expenses  of  mine  inspector 

vouchers  for  expenses  of  inspector  of  steam  vessels  to  be  presented  to 


63 

64 

109 

51 

26 

2 

89 

110 
114 
147 

10 

11 

19 

11 

23 


33,  34 
33 

11 

10 

50,  67 

20 

20 

4 

20,  137 
38 
89 
114 

13 

22 

1 

1 

2 

36 
38,  56 

37 


36 

36 

3, 148 

20 

36 

37 
56 

140 


94 


INDEX. 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 

AUTOMATIC  COUPLERS: 

for  safety  of  railroad  employes 

AUTOMATIC  DOORS: 

to  be  provided  for  elevator  openings 

AUTOMATIC  FEEDERS: 

for  dbrn  huskers 

AUTOMATIC  GATES: 

at  top  of  shafts  in  coal  mines 


216-217 

12 

228-229 

43 


B. 

BANDAGES: 

to  be  kept  on  hand  in  foundries 

mine  owners  to  keep  in  readiness 

BAPTISM: 

record  of,  required  for  employment  permit 

required  for  age  certificate 

BARKEEPER: 

girl  or  woman  not  to  be  permitted  to  act  as 

BARROOM: 

girl  or  woman  not  to  serve  liquor,  etc.,  in 

BASEMENT: 

when  emery  wheels,  etc.,  not  to  be  operated  in 

BATTLE  CREEK: 

establishment  of  free  employment  bureau  in 

BAY  CITY: 

establishment  of  free  employment  bureau  in 

BELTING: 

safe-guards  for,  to  be  provided 

BELTS: 

shifters  for  throwing  on  or  off,  to  be  provided : 

BENZINE,  BENZOLE: 

carrying  of,  on  steam  passenger  vessels 

BILLIARD  ROOM: 

employment  of  child  in 

BINDING: 

for  department,  how  done 

BIRTH  RECORD: 

required  for  employment  permit 

required  for  age  certificate 

BLANKETS: 

mine  owners  to  keep  in  readiness 

BLANKS: 

for  department,  how  furnished 

for  special  information  to  be  furnished 

BLASTING: 

in  coal  mines,  regulation  of 

BLASTING  POWDER: 

how  to  be  taken  in  and  out  of  coal  mines 

BLASTS: 

in  coal  mines,  rules  for  preparing 

BLOWERS: 

emery  belts  or  wheels  to  be  provided  with 

duty  to  provide 

rate  of  speed  of 

BOARD  OF  HEALTH: 

when  statement  of  officer  of,  required  for  employment  permit. . 

statement  of  physician  of,  required  for  age  certificate 

duty  of,  with  respect  to  contagious  diseases  in  manufacturing  apartments 
BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITORS: 

allowance  of  mine  inspector’s  expense  bills  by 

to  provide  quarters  for  commission  of  inquiry  into  wages  of  females 

to  audit  accounts  for  supplies  for  commission 

BOARD  OF  SUPERVISORS: 

to  appoint  temporary  inspector  of  mines 

to  fix  compensation  of  inspectors  of  mines 

to  audit  expense  of  safeguarding  abandoned  mines 

to  assess  expense  against  premises 

BOILER  HOUSES: 

for  coal  mines,  location  of 

BOILER  ROOMS: 

location  and  construction  of,  at  coal  mines 

BOILERS: 

low  water  alarms  for 

inspection  of 

BOND: 

to  be  given  by  applicant  for  license  for  private  employment  agency 

action  on,  for  violation : 

BOOMS  OR  DRIVES: 

legal  day’s  work  on 

BOWLING  ALLEY: 

employment  of  child  in 

BRAKEMEN: 

limit  of  work  of 

extra  hours  labor  by 

payment  for  extra  labor  by 

provisions  for  safety  of 


26 

90 

10 

11 

25 

25 

31 

35 

35 

15 

15 

132 

11 

4 

10 

11 

90 

4 

5 

94 

88 

49 

27 

30 

30 

10 

11 

22 

56 

198 

199 

103 

108 

109 

109 

46 

71 

33,34 

33 

236 

236 

177 

10 

182 

183 

184 

218-220 


INDEX. 


95 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 


BRATTICES: 

in  coal  mines,  regulation  of 42,  66 

BREAKTHROUGHS : 

in  coal  mines,  regulation  of 42,  66 

BREWED  LIQUORS: 

(See  “intoxicating  liquors.”) 

BREWERY: 

certain  persons  not  to  be  employed  in 11 

BUFFERS: 

operation  of , in  basement 31 

BUFFS: 

cotton  wheels  used  as,  to  be  provided  with  blowers 27 

BURLESQUE  SHOW: 

employment  of  child  in 11 

BURNING  FLUIDS: 

carrying  of,  on  passenger  steamers 132 


C. 

CABLES: 

of  elevators,  to  be  inspected  annually 

CAGES: 

in  coal  mines,  only  competent  engineers  to  operate . . 

how  constructed 

restriction  of  riding  on 

for  hoisting  and  lowering  men,  regulation,  etc 

CAMPHENE: 

carrying  of,  on  passenger  vessels 

CANNING  ESTABLISHMENTS: 

hours  of  labor  in 

CANVASSERS,  SPECIAL: 

(See  special  canvassers.) 

CAPITOL  BUILDING: 

doors  of,  to  open  outward 

CERTIFICATES: 

of  age,  how  signed 

contents  of 

conditions  of  issue  of 

of  inspection  of  steam  vessels 

of  inspection  of  hotel 

CHECK  WEIGHMAN : 

employes  of  coal  mine  may  name 

how  sworn  and  paid 

CHEMICAL  FIRE  EXTINGUISHERS: 

hotels  to  be  provided  with 

CHIEF  FACTORY  INSPECTOR: 

commissioner  to  be 

authority  of,  to  seize  certain  infected  articles 

when  to  report  to  state  board  of  health 

may  order  low  water  alarm  on  boilers 

to  approve  device  for 

CHILD: 

employment  of,  in  manufacturing  establishment 

in  delivery  of  messages,  etc 

in  theater,  etc 

in  mercantile  institution,  etc 

conditions  of 

CHILDREN  perm*tting  un^aw^u^  employment  of 

how  may  be  employed  in  theatrical  companies 

act  to  provide  for  compulsory  education  of 

deaf,  compulsory  education  of 

CITY  OFFICERS: 

to  furnish  information  to  department 

CLOTHING  ESTABLISHMENT: 

hours  of  employment  in 

COAL  MINES: 

inspection  of 

inspector  of,  appointment  of 

duty  of 

authority  of  inspector  to  enter 

only  competent  engineers  to  operate  cages  in 

stock  of  timber  to  be  kept  on  hand  in 

mode  of  ventilation  of 

regulation  of  doors  in 

closing  of  entry  breakthroughs  in 

certain,  to  be  examined  every  morning 

dangerous  accumulations  of  gas  in,  how  determined. . 

inspection  and  regulation  of  shafts  in 

regulation  of  hoisting  shafts  in 

examination  of  cages,  catches,  etc.,  in 

lights  at  top  and  bottom  of  shafts  in 

escapement  shafts  in 

escapement  outlet  from,  to  other  mines 

location  of  boiler  houses  for 

hoisting  engines,  equipments  of 

how  hoisting  cables  secured  to  drums 


12 

39 

44 

44 

85 

132 

9 


13 

11 

11 

11 

118 

163 

40,  62 

40,  62 

154 

18 

22 

22 

33,34 

33 

9 

9 

10,  11 
10 
10 
54 

11 

243-248 

249-251 

5 

9 

38 

38,  56 
38 

39,  58 
39,  86 
41,91 

41,  65 

42,  66 
42,  66 
42,  66 

42 

43 

44 

44 
45,  80 

45 

46 
46 

46 

47 


96 


INDEX. 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 


COAL  MINES— Continued. 

hoisting  signals  in 

testing  of  weights,  measures  and  scales  in 

foreman  or  assistant  to  visit  each  working  place  twice  weekly . 

safety  hooks  to  be  used  on  buckets  in 

precautions  for  handling  powder  in 

rules  for  preparing  blasts  in 

illuminating  oil  to  be  used  in 

inspection  of  oils  used  in . 

penalty  for  use  of  illegal  oil  in 

duty  of  owners,  when  abandoning 

operation  of , near  abandoned  ones 

use  of  parts  of,  as  water  closet 

use  of  dynamite,  etc.,  in 

protection  of  health  and  safety  of  employes  in 

definition  of  terms  used  in 

inspector  not  to  be  interested  in 

police  powers  of  inspector  of 

when  may  be  closed  by  inspector 

repairing  and  re-opening  of 

when  inspector  may  enter  and  inspect 

free  access  to  be  allowed  to 

result  of  inspection  of,  how  posted 

copies  of  inspection  of,  to  be  furnished  to  mine  office 

weighmen  in,  to  be  sworn 

check  weighman,  how  named  and  paid 

maps  or  plans  of,  by  whom  and  how  made,  copies,  etc 

extensions  of,  to  be  entered  on  maps 

when  inspector  may  order  survey  of  workings  of 

precautions,  when  approaching  abandoned  workings  of 

regulation  of  wiring  for  electricity  in 

use  of  gasoline  engines,  etc.,  in,  regulated 

limit  or  supply  of  gasoline  in 

when  and  where  hand  fire  extinguishers  required  in 

location  and  construction  of  boiler  and  engine  rooms  at 

erection  of  inflammable  buildings  at 

where  explosives  not  to  be  stored  at 

when  and  where  washhouses  to  be  constructed  at 

escape  shafts  or  ways  in,  construction,  ventilation,  etc 

ways  around  hoisting  shafts  in 

location,  construction  and  regulation  of  stables  in 

places  of  refuge,  signals,  lights,  etc 

means  of  communication  in  shafts  of 

safety  in  hoisting  men  in 

how  explosives  to  be  taken  in  or  out  of 

annual  report  of  owners  of,  to  inspector 

report  of  accidents  in 

stretchers,  blankets  and  bandages  to  be  kept  ready 

duties  of  mine  foreman  or  pit  boss  of 

precautions  to  be  taken  in 

regulation  of  blasting  in 

employes  of,  not  to  ride  on  loaded  cars 

no  one  to  go  about,  under  influence  of  intoxicants 

no  one  to  nave  intoxicants  in  or  about 

roof  of,  to  be  securely  propped 

props  or  caps  in,  not  to  be  wasted 

disposition  of  unsuitable  material  in 

fraudulent  practices  in,  prohibited 

penalty  for  violation  of  regulations  as  to 

COAL  OIL: 

carrying  of,  on  passenger  vessels 

CODE  OF  SIGNALS: 

for  hoisting  coal  and  men  in  mines 

how  to  be  displayed 

to  be  placed  before  engineers 

COMMISSION: 

for  inspection  and  regulation  of  hotels # 

of  inquiry  into  question  of  wages  for  females . 

appointment  of 

members  of,  to  serve  without  pay 

payment  of  expenses  of 

duties  and  powers  of 

report  of,  to  legislature 

organization  and  place  of  meeting  of 

purchase  of  supplies  for 

COMMISSIONER  OF  INSURANCE: 

(see  insurance  commissioner.) 

COMMISSIONER  OF  LABOR: 

appointment,  title,  term  and  deputy  of 

to  keep  office  in  Lansing 

may  appoint  factory  inspectors  and  assistants 

appointment  of  special  agents  by 

authority  of,  to  make  inspections 

publication  of  statistics  by 

compensation  and  expenses  of 

printing  of  annual  report  of 


47 

48,60,  61 

48 

48 

49 

49 

50,  67,  68 

50 

50 

51 
51 

52, 100 
53 

55-101 

55 

56 

57 
57 

57 

58 

58 

59 
59 
62 
62 
63 
63 

63 

64 

69 

70 
70 

70 

71 

72 

72 

73 
74-79 

81 

82 

83 

84 

85 
88 
89 

89 

90 

92 

93 

94 

95 

96 

96 

97 

98 

98 

99 
101 

132 

47 
47 
86,  87 

159 

194-200 

194 

195 

195 

196 

197 

198 

199 


1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

4 

4 


INDEX. 


97 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 

COMMISSIONER  OF  LABOR— Continued. 

collection  of  information  under  direction  of 5 

supervisors  and  assessors  to  return  certain  information  to 6 

authority  of,  to  enter  factories,  etc 7 

penalty  for  refusal  or  false  testimony  before 8 

to  furnish  copies  of  law  to  be  posted 9 

age  certificates  to  be  issued  under  direction  of 11 

to  be  chief  factory  inspector 18 

deputy  factory  inspectors  to  report  to 18, 19 

to  make  annual  inspection  of  factories,  etc 20 

to  have  direction  and  control  of  inspectors 20 

when  to  present  report  to  governor 20 

prosecutions  upon  complaint  of 21 

may  order  hair-picking  machines  provided 32 

to  organize  and  control  free  employment  bureaus 35 

to  secure  co-operation  of  employers 35 

may  advertise  in  newspapers,  etc 35 

may  appoint  assistants  for  employment  bureaus 36 

assistants  to  be  under  control  of 36 

appointment  by,  of  inspector  of  coal  mines 38 

results  of  mine  inspection  to  be  reported  to 38 

annual  report  of,  to  include  coal  mine  inspection 38 

to  commission  coal  mine  inspector 39 

appointment  of  inspector  of  coal  mines  by 56 

to  approve  expense  bills  of  inspector  of  mines 56 

maps  of  mines  to  remain  in  custody  of 63 

to  be  furnished  copy  of  annual  report  of  county  mine  inspectors 114 

charged  with  administration  of  steam  vessel  act 115 

to  employ  inspector  of  steam  vessels 115 

to  have  supervision  of  inspector. 115 

when  and  how  to  inspect  steam  vessels 116 

to  fix  number  of  passengers  to  be  carried 116 

to  test  boilers  of  steam  vessels 117 

to  give  certificate  of  inspection  of  vessel 118 

to  give  reasons  for  refusing  certificate 118 

to  require  provisions  against  fire 120 

may  make  special  rules  for  navigating  steam  vessels 122 

when  may  prescribe  extra  boats  for  passenger  vessels 125 

to  see  that  vessels  are  provided  with  life  preservers,  etc 126 

authority  of,  as  to  safety  valves  of  steam  vessels 127 

when  may  examine  and  license  masters,  etc.,  of  steam  passenger  vessels 128 

when  may  revoke  license  of  master,  etc 128 

may  prescribe  place  for  name  of  steam  vessel 130 

may  prescribe  how  to  receive  and  discharge  passengers 131 

to  approve  regulations  for  receiving  and  discharging  passengers 131 

to  approve  protection  of  petroleum  carried  as  fuel  on  steam  vessels 132 

annual  report  of,  to  governor,  contents,  etc 137 

may  make  temporary  provision  for  unlicensed  officer  of  passenger  vessel 138 

to  fix  inspection  fee  for  steam  vessel 139 

to  account  for  fees 139 

to  procure  instruments,  etc.,  for  inspectors  of  steam  vessels 144 

report  of  accidents  to 147 

may  review  refusal  or  revocation  of  license  by  inspector  of  steam  vessels 150 

certification  to  witness  fees  by 151 

member  of  commission  to  enforce  act  relative  to  hotels 159 

notice  to,  of  occupational  disease  reported 232 

to  prosecute  for  failure  to  report  occupational  disease 234 

powers  and  duties  of,'  as  to  private  employment  agencies 235-242 

to  issue  license  for 235 

to  fix  form  of  license 235 

when  may  revoke  license 235 

to  turn  license  fees  into  treasury 235 


to  require  bond  of  applicant  for  license  for  employment  agency 236 

when  may  bring  action  on  bond 236 

penalty  for  interference  with,  in  certain  cases 242 

COMMON  CARRIER  RAILROAD  COMPANIES: 

liability  of,  to  employes 170-176 

for  damages  resulting  from  negligence 170 

contributory  negligence  of  employe  of,  when  not  bar  to  recovery 171 

when  employe  of,  not  deemed  guilty  of  contributory  negligence  or  to  have  assumed  risk  . . 171 

certain  contracts  not  to  bar  recovery  of  damages  against 173 

limitation  of  actions  against 174 

duty  of,  not  limited  by  act 175 

employes  of,  in  shops  or  offices,  not  included  in  act 176 

COMPENSATION: 

of  commissioner  and  deputy 4 

of  factory  inspectors,  assistants 4 

how  audited  and  paid 4 

of  assistants,  etc.,  limit  of 4 

of  assistants  for  employment  bureaus,  how  paid 36 

of  coal  mine  inspector 38 

of  county  inspectors  of  mines,  how  fixed 108 

of  inspector  of  steam  vessels,  how  paid 140 

COMPULSORY  EDUCATION: 

of  children,  act  to  provide  for 243-248 

of  deaf  children,  act  to  provide  for 249-251 

13 


98 


INDEX. 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 


CONCERT  HALL: 

employment  of  child  in 

CONDUCTORS: 

limit  of  work  of 

extra  hours’  labor  of 

payment  for  extra  labor  by 

CONSTABLE: 

when  to  inspect  factory  or  workshop 

CONTAGIOUS  DISEASES: 

in  manufacturing  apartments,  report  of 

seizure  and  examination  of  infected  articles 

CONTRIBUTORY  NEGLIGENCE: 

of  employe,  when  not  bar  to  recovery 

when  employe  not  held  to  be  guilty  of 

CORN  HUSKERS: 

safety  devices  for 

CORRUPT  INFLUENCING: 

of  employes,  etc.,  prohibited 

CORUNDUM: 

wheels  or  belts  coated  with,  to  be  provided  with  blowers 
COTTON  WHEELS: 

used  as  buffs,  to  be  provided  with  blowers 

COUNTY  COMMISSIONER  OF  SCHOOLS: 

when  may  issue  permit  to  employ  child  under  16 

COUNTY  INSPECTORS  OF  MINES: 

election,  powers  and  duties  of 

COUNTY  OFFICERS: 

to  furnish  information  to  department 

CURTAINS: 

use  of,  in  coal  mines 


10 

182 

183 

184 

31 

22 

22 


171 

171 


228-229 

210 


27 


27 

10 

102-114 

5 

66 


DAIRY  AND  FOOD  COMMISSIONER: 

member  of  commission  to  enforce  hotel  act 159 

DANCE  HALL: 

employment  of  child  in 11 

DANCING: 

girl  or  woman  not  to  furnish  music  for,  in  saloon 25 

DAY’S  LABOR: 

by  employes  of  railroads 182-185 

limit  of  continuous  work  of  certain  employes 182 

ten  hours  to  constitute 188 

payment  for  labor  in  excess  of 183, 184 

DAY’S  WORK: 

for  certain  males  and  females 9 

(See  “legal  day’s  work.”) 

DEAF  CHILDREN: 

act  for  compulsory  education  of 249-251 

DEFINITIONS: 

of  terms  used  in  mine 55 

of  “hotel” 152 

of  “railroad  company” 172 

DEPARTMENT  OF  LABOR: 

organization,  powers  and  duties 1-54 

appointment  and  term  of  commissioner  and  deputy 1 

deputy  factory  inspectors  and  assistants  for 1 

general  duties  of 2 

special  agents  of 2 

inspections  by 2 

authority  of,  to  visit  places 2 

not  to  publish  individual  statistics 2 

to  publish  statistics  in  aggregates,  etc 2 

may  subpoena  and  examine  witnesses 3 

limit  of  salaries  and  expenses  of 4 

printing  of  annual  report  of 4 

printing,  binding,  etc.,  how  done  for 4 

collection  of  information  by 5 

supervisors  and  assessors  to  return  information  to 6 

annual  appropriation  for i 37 

DEPUTY  COMMISSIONER  OF  LABOR: 

appointment  and  term  of 1 

authority  of,  to  enter  factories,  etc 7 

to  be  factory  inspector 18 

may  make  annual  inspection  of  factories,  etc 20 

may  order  hair-picking  machines  provided 32 

when  inspector  of  steam  vessels  deemed  to  be 141 

DEPUTY  FACTORY  INSPECTORS: 

appointment  of 1 

authority  of,  to  enter  factories,  etc 7 

to  inspect  elevator  gearings  annually 12 

to  be  factory  inspectors 18 

two  to  be  women 18 

to  report  to  commissioner 18,19 

authorized  to  administer  oaths 19 


INDEX. 


99 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 

DEPUTY  FACTORY  INSPECTORS— Continued. 

may  make  annual  inspection  of  factories,  etc 20 

report  to,  of  contagious  diseases  in  manufacturing  apartments 22 

authority  of,  to  seize  certain  infected 22 

may  order  hair-picking  machines  provided 32 

(See  also  “factory  inspectors.”) 

DEPUTY  INSPECTORS: 

(See  “hotel  inspectors.”) 

DEPUTY  INSPECTORS  OF  MINES: 

appointment  and  duties  of 107 

compensation  of,  how  fixed 108 

not  to  divulge  name  of  partjr  notifying,  to  inspect  mine 113 

(See  also  “inspectors  of  mines.”) 

DETROIT: 

free  employment  bureau  to  be  established  in 35 

DISTILLERY: 

certain  persons  not  to  be  employed  in 11 

DOORS: 

of  certain  buildings,  to  open  outward 13 

outside,  of  manufacturing  establishments,  to  swing  out  and  be  unlocked 14 

set  on  mine  entries,  regulation  of 42 

in  coal  mines,  regulation  of 66 

DRAINAGE: 

sanitary,  of  hotels 156 

DRESSING  ROOMS: 

certain  institutions  to  be  provided  with 17 

factory  inspectors  may  order  installment  of 23 

DRESSMAKING  ESTABLISHMENT: 

hours  of  employment  in 9 

DUST: 

when  devices  to  be  provided  for  carrying  off 16,  27,  32 

DWELLING  HOUSE: 

no  room  in,  to  be  used  for  manufacture  of  clothing,  etc 22 

DYNAMITE: 

use  of,  in  coal  mines  regulated 53 


E. 

EARTH  CLOSETS: 

to  be  provided  for  employes 17 

ECONOMIC  QUESTIONS: 

collection  of  statistics  relating  to 39 

ELECTRIC  LAUNCHES: 

inspection  of 117 

must  comply  with  act 138 

penalty  for  navigating,  without  complying 138 

ELECTRIC  WIRING: 

regulation  of,  in  coal  mines 69 

ELEVATOR  OPENINGS: 

automatic  doors  or  gates  for 12 

ELEVATORS: 

employment  of  child  in 10 

cables,  gearing,  etc.,  of,  to  be  inspected  annually 12 

condemnation  of,  if  unsafe 12 

factory  inspectors  empowered  to  order  repair  of 23 

EMERY  WHEELS  OR  BELTS: 

fans  or  blowers  to  be  provided  for 16.  27 

solid,  use  of,  in  wood-working  establishments 27 

to  be  fitted  with  hood  or  hopper 28 

to  be  provided  with  suction  pipes 29 

when  not  to  be  operated  in  basement 31 

no  female  to  be  employed  to  operate 31 

EMPLOYERS: 

refusal  of,  to  allow  inspectors  to  enter,  etc 7 

to  keep  certain  section  of  law  posted 9 

when  may  employ  child  under  16 10, 11 

liability  of 10 

of  female  help,  to  provide  seats 24 

EMPLOYERS  AND  EMPLOYES: 

duties  and  liabilities  of,  in  certain  cases 167-169 

written  contracts  between,  when  required 167 

consent  to  employment  of  child 167 

penalty  for  misrepresentations 167 

penalty  for  fraudulently  receiving  transportation  to  place  of  labor 168 

penalty  for  violation  of  act 169 

payment  of  wages  in  case  of  disagreement  between 190 

special  contract  between,  not  to  affect  payment  of  wages 191 

penalty  for  failure  to  pay  wages  according  to  law. 192 

protection  of  toilers  against  unjust  demands 202-205 

obstruction  or  annoyance  of,  because  of  membership  in  militia 206-209 

corrupt  influencing  of  agents,  employes,  etc 210 

water  closets  for  workmen  on  buildings 211-212 

EMPLOYES: 

collection  of  information  as  to 2 

in  coal  mines,  provisions  for  health  and  safety  of 55-101 

of  coal  mines,  may  name  check  weighman 62 


100 


INDEX. 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 

EMPLOYES— Continued. 

in  coal  mine,  not  to  ride  on  loaded  cars 

use  of  part  of  mine  excavations  by,  as  water  closet 

liability  of  common  carriers  to 

liability  to,  for  negligence,  etc 

when  contributory  negligence  of,  not  bar  to  recovery 

when  not  deemed  guilty  of  contributory  negligence 

when  not  deemed  to  have  assumed  risk  of  employment 

certain  contracts  by,  not  to  bar  recovery  of  damages 

limitation  of  actions  by,  against  common  carrier  companies 

rights  of,  not  impaired  by  common  carrier  act 

in  shops  or  offices  not  included 

on  railroads,  day’s  labor  of 

act  providing  for  semi-monthly  payment  of  wages  to 

payment  of  wages  of,  when  leaving 

corrupt  influencing  of,  prohibited 

on  railroad  trains,  protection  of 

on  railroads,  automatic  couplers  for  safety  of 

provisions  for  safety  of  brakemen  on  railroads 

of  street  railway  companies,  protection  of,  from  weather 

EMPLOYMENT  AGENCIES: 

(See  “private  employment  agencies.”) 

EMPLOYMENT  BUREAUS,  FREE: 

(See  “free  employment  bureaus.”) 

ENGINE  ROOMS: 

location  and  construction  of,  at  coal  mines 

ENGINEERS: 

only  competent,  to  operate  cages  in  mines 

duties  of 

of  steam  passenger  vessel,  license  of 

penalty  for  acting  as,  without  license 

revocation  of  license  of 

duty  of,  as  to  steam  pressure 

penalty  for  violation  Dy 

temporary  action  as,  without  license 

penalty  for  alteration  of  license  by 

flashing  light  into  eyes  of,  prohibited 

on  railroads,  limit  of  work  of 

extra  hours’  labor,  in  emergency 

payment  for  extra  labor  by 

ENTRANCES: 

to  foundries,  how  constructed 

ESCAPEMENT  OUTLET: 

by  underground  communication  between  coal  mines 

ESCAPEMENT  SHAFTS: 

to  be  provided  in  coal  mines 

construction  and  equipment  of 

weekly  examination  of 

removal  of  obstructions  from 

EXHAUST  FANS: 

when  to  be  provided  for  emery  wheels 

when  required  in  foundries 

EXPENSES: 

of  commissioner  and  deputy 

how  audited  and  paid 

limit  of 

of  annual  inspection,  how  paid 

of  inspector  of  mines,  how  paid 

of  inspector  of  coal  mines,  now  paid 

of  protecting  abandoned  mines,  how  paid 

of  inspector  of  steam  vessels,  how  paid 

of  commission  of  inquiry  into  wages  of  females 

EXPLOSIVES: 

use  of,  in  coal  mines,  regulated 

where  not  to  be  stored  at  coal  mines 

how  to  be  carried  in  and  out  of  coal  mine 

carrying  of,  on  steam  passenger  vessels 


95 

100 

170-176 

170 

171 

171 

171 

173 

174 

175 

176 
182-185 
190-193 

190 

210 

213-215 

216-217 

218-220 

221-224 


39,  86 
86 
128 
128 
128 
133 
133. 134 
138 
142 
145 
182 

183 

184 


26 


46 


45 

45, 74-70 
45 
45 

16 

26 


4 

4 

4 

20 

38 

56 

109 

140 

195 


53 

73 

88 

132 


F. 

FACTORIES: 

authority  of  commissioner  to  enter 

who  not  to  be  employed  in 

employment  of  child  in 

owner  of,  to  provide  belt  shifters  and  safe-guards 

inspection  of 

blowers  for  emery  wheels  in 

certain  to  be  provided  with  hair-picking  machines 

legal  day’s  work  in 

FACTORY  INSPECTORS: 

appointment  of 

compensation  and  expenses  of 

authority  of,  to  enter  factories 

register  of  child  employes  and  permits  to  be  produced  on  demand  of 

to  inspect  elevator  gearings  annually 

power  of,  to  condemn  unsafe  schoolhouses 


7 

9 

10 
15 
20,  31 
28,  29,  30 
32 


1 

4 

7.  18 
10 
12 
13 


INDEX- 


101 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 

FACTORY  INSPECTORS— Continued. 

authority  of,  to  order  fire  escapes 13 

to  give  notice  of  required  fire  escapes 13 

may  require  stairways  in  manufacturing  establishments 14 

may  require  safe  guarding  of  gearing,  etc 15 

may  require  exhaust  fans  to  carry  off  dust 16 

chief,  commissioner  to  be 18 

two  to  be  women 18 

power  of,  to  visit  and  inspect  factories,  etc 18 

to  report  to  commissioner 18, 19 

to  enforce  provisions  of  law 18 

to  serve  copy  of  order  on  superintendent,  etc 19 

authorized  to  administer  oaths 19 

prosecutions  upon  complaint  of 21 

approval  by,  of  complaints  by  citizens 21 

granting  by,  of  permit  to  manufacture  clothing,  etc.,  in  apartment 22 

when  may  revoke  permit 22 

register  of  apartment  work  to  be  produced  for  inspection  by 22 

authority  of,  to  order  improvements 23 

to  enforce  regulations  for  foundries 26 

may  require  clothes-drying  facilities  in  foundries 26 

when  to  inspect  factory  or  workshop 31 

to  prescribe  conditions  of  use  of  emery  wheels,  etc.,  in  basements 31 

may  order  hair-picking  machines 32 

chief,  may  require  low  water  alarm  on  boiler 33, 34 

to  approve  device 33 

FALSE  STATEMENT: 

for  employment  permit 10 

FALSE  TESTIMONY: 

before  commissioner,  penalty  for 8 

FANS  OR  BLOWERS: 

emery  wheels,  or  belts  to  be  provided  with 27 

duty  to  provide 30 

rate  of  speed  of 30 

FEES: 

of  witnesses  subpoenaed 3, 151 

not  to  be  charged  for  permit  to  employ  child 10 

for  license  of  officer  of  steam  vessel 139 

for  inspection  of  steam  vessel 139 

commissioner  to  account  for 139 

penalty  for  receiving  illegal 143 

for  license  of  private  employment  agency,  disposition  of,  etc 235 

chargeable  by  licensed  employment  agency,  regulation  of 239 

FEMALES: 

not  to  be  kept  unnecessarily  standing 11 

certain,  not  to  be  allowed  to  clean  machinery  in  motion 11 

not  to  be  employed  in  certain  places 11 

hours  of  employment  of,  in  factories,  etc 12 

where  employed,  stairs  to  be  screened 14 

sanitary  arrangements  of  places  where  employed 17 

heating  and  ventilation  of  rooms  for,  in  hotels 17 

suitable  seats  to  be  provided  for 24 

not  to  be  employed  to  operate  emery  wheels,  etc 31 

penalty  for  permitting  unlawful  employment  of 54 

commission  of  inquiry  into  question  of  wages  of 194-200 

FERMENTED  LIQUORS: 

(See  “intoxicating  liquors.”) 

FERRY  BOATS: 

how  equipped  with  row  boats 125 

FIRE  ESCAPES: 

authority  of  factory  inspectors  to  order 13 

how  to  be  constructed 13 

how  hotels  to  be  equipped  with 153 

FIRE  EXTINGUISHERS: 

when  and  where  required  in  coal  mines 70 

chemical,  hotels  to  be  provided  with 154 

FIREMEN: 

on  railroads,  limit  of  work  of 182 

extra  hours  of  labor  by 183,184 

FIRE  PLACES: 

open,  use  of,  in  foundries 26 

FIRE  PUMP: 

certain  vessels  to  be  provided  with 124 

FLINT: 

establishment  of  free  employment  bureau  in 35 

FOUNDRIES: 

regulations  for  construction  and  operation  of 26 

what  deemed  to  be 26 

FREE  EMPLOYMENT  BUREAUS: 

where  to  be  established 35 

how  designated 35 

organization  and  control  of 35 

no  fee  to  be  charged  by 35 

advertisement  for 35 

appointment  of  assistants  for 36 

payment  of  expenses  of 36 

FRUIT  CANNING  ESTABLISHMENTS: 

hours  of  labor  in 9 


102 


INDEX. 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 

G. 

GANGWAYS: 

on  passenger  vessels,  regulation  of 121 

GAS: 

dangerous  accumulation  of,  in  coal  mines,  how  determined 42 

GASOLINE  ENGINES: 

regulations  for  use  of,  in  coal  mines 70 

GASOLINE  LAUNCHES: 

inspection  of 117 

must  comply  with  act 138 

penalty  for  navigating,  without  complying 138 

GAUGE  COCKS: 

on  steam  boilers,  inspection  of 117 

GEARING: 

of  elevators,  to  inspect  annually 12 

to  be  provided  with  safeguards 15 

GIRL: 

not  to  be  permitted  to  act  as  barkeeper,  etc 25 

GOVERNOR: 

authorized  to  appoint  commissioner  of  labor 1 

department  of  labor  to  present  statistics  to,  etc 2 

commissioner  to  make  yearly  report  to 20 

approval  by,  ot  appointment  of  inspector  of  coal  mines 56 

to  fill  vacancies  in  office  of  county  inspector  of  mines 105 

annual  report  of  commissioner  to,  contents,  etc 137 

GRAND  RAPIDS: 

establishment  of  free  employment  bureau  in 35 

GRINDING  MACHINES: 

when  need  not  be  provided  with  blowers 27 

GRINDSTONES: 

when  to  be  provided  with  exhaust  fans 16 


H. 

HAIR-PICKING  MACHINES: 

certain  factories  to  be  provided  with 32 

HALLS: 

factory  inspectors  may  order  fire  escapes  in 13 

HAMMER  TEST: 

for  boilers,  may  be  made 117 

HAND  FIRE  EXTINGUISHERS: 

when  and  where  required  in  coal  mines 70 

HAND  RAILS: 

to  be  provided  on  stairways  in  manufacturing  establishments 14 

HAY: 

loose,  carrying  of,  on  passenger  steamboats 132 

HEALTH  OFFICERS: 

duty  of,  with  respect  to  contagious  diseases  in  manufacturing  apartments 22 

HOISTING  APPARATUS: 

in  escape  shafts  of  coal  mines,  how  constructed,  etc 77 

HOISTING  CABLES: 

how  secured  to  drums 47 

HOISTING  CAGES: 

for  men,  regulation  and  safety  of 85 

HOISTING  DEVICES: 

in  mines,  only  competent  engineers  to  operate 39 

HOISTING  ENGINES: 

equipment  of 46 

HOISTING  SHAFTS: 

to  be  enclosed  and  secured 12 

how  to  be  equipped 44 

traveling  ways  around 81 

HOOD  OR  HOPPER: 

emery  wheel  to  be  provided  with 28 

HOT  WATER: 

for  washing  purposes  in  foundries : 26 

HOTEL  INSPECTORS: 

who  to  be 160 

duties  of 161 

power  of,  to  enter  hotels 162 

when  to  issue  certificate  of  inspection 163 

penalty  for  false  certification  by 164 

penalty  for  hindrance  of 165 

to  make  complaint  for  violation  of  act 166 

HOTELS: 

general  authority  to  inspect 2 

authority  of  commissioner  to  enter 

employment  of  child  in 10 

protection  of  elevator  openings  in 12 

factory  inspectors  may  order  fire  escapes  on 13 

how  to  be  provided  with  wash  rooms,  closets,  etc.,  for  employes 17 

heating  and  ventilation  of  sleeping  rooms  for  female  help 17 

annual  inspection  of 20 

act  relating  to  conduct  of 152-166 

definition  of 152 

how  to  be  equipped  with  fire  escapes 153 

to  be  provided  with  chemical  fire  extinguishers 154 


INDEX. 


103 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 

HOTELS— Continued. 

when  bedrooms  of,  to  be  provided  with  ropes 

sanitary  regulations  for 

towels,  sheets,  blankets,  etc 

penalty  for  failure  to  comply  with  regulations  for 

commission  to  enforce  act  relative  to 

inspectors  of 

inspection  of 

power  of  inspector  to  enter 

certificate  of  inspection  of 

false  certification  of  inspection  of 

prosecution  for  carrying  on,  in  violation  of  law 

HOURS  OF  LABOR: 

collection  of  information  as  to 

HYDROSTATIC  TEST: 

for  boilers,  how  applied 


155 

156 

157 

158 

159 

160 
161-163 

162 

163 

164 
166 

2,7,39 

117 


I. 

ILLUMINATING  OIL: 

use  of,  in  coal  mines 50,  67 

INCLEMENCY  OF  WEATHER: 

protection  of  street  railway  employes  from 221-224 

INDUSTRIAL  QUESTIONS: 

collection  of  statistics  relating  to 39^ 

INFECTIOUS  DISEASES: 

in  manufacturing  apartments,  report  of 22' 

seizure  and  examination  of  infected  articles 22? 

INFLAMMABLE  BUILDINGS: 

erection  of,  at  coal  mines 72' 

INN: 

deemed  hotel 152 

INSPECTION: 

general  powers  of 2 

of  stationary  steam  boilers 33 

of  coal  mines,  act  to  provide  for 38,  55-101 

of  illuminating  oils  for  mines 50 

daily,  of  appliances  in  coal  mine  shafts 84 

of  working  places  by  mine  foreman 92 

of  mines,  manner  of 109 

of  steam  vessels,  how  and  by  whom  conducted ] 16 

of  hotels 161-163 

INSPECTORS  OF  COAL  MINES: 

appointment  of 38,  56 

duty  of 38 

compensation  and  expenses  of 38,  56 

power  of,  to  enter  coal  mines,  etc 39,  58 

to  inspect  shafts,  etc 43 

duty  of,  to  examine  record  of  daily  cage  examinations 44 

empowered  to  test  scales  in  mines 48,  60 

to  have  access  to  appliances  for  weighing  of  coal 48 

power  of,  to  inspect  illuminating  oils  of  coal  mines 50 

when  map  of  underground  workings  of  mine  to  be  filed  with 51 

to  be  notified  of  operations  near  abandoned  mine 51 

not  to  be  interested  in  mines  or  miners’  organization 56 

police  powers  of 57 

when  may  stop  operation  of  coal  mine 57 

allowance  by,  of  time  for  repairs 57 

when  may  allow  mine  to  re-open 57 

when  may  enter  and  inspect  mines 58 

to  be  allowed  free  access 58 

to  post  and  furnish  results  of  inspection 59 

to  inspect  mines  four  times  annually 59 

duty  of,  to  test  weights,  etc 60,  61 

to  be  furnished  copies  of  maps  of  mines 63 

when  may  order  survey  of  mine  workings 63 

consent  of,  required  for  use  of  curtains  in 66 

to  approve  method  of  inspection  of  coal  mine  shafts 84 

annual  report  of  mine  owners  to 89 

monthly  report  of  mine  foreman  to,  and  action  thereon 92 

INSPECTOR  OF  OIL: 

to  visit  coal  mines  four  times  yearly 50 

to  test  oils  used  for  illuminating  purposes 50 

INSPECTOR  OF  STEAM  VESSELS: 

employment  and  qualifications  of 115 

may  prescribe  buckets,  etc.,  to  be  carried  by  vessels 126 

authority  of,  as  to  safety  valves 127 

to  prescribe  regulations  for  receiving  and  discharging  passengers 131 

commissioner  to  fix  inspection  fees  for  use  of 139 

compensation  and  expenses  of 140 

when  deemed  deputy  commissioner 141 

penalty  for  receiving  illegal  fees,  etc 143 

instruments,  etc.,  for,  how  procured 144 

penalty  for  certifying  falsely 146 

to  investigate  violations  of  act 148 

power  of,  to  subpoena  witnesses,  etc 148 

review  of  refusal  or  revocation  of  license  by 150 

certification  to  witness  fees  by 15 1 


104 


INDEX. 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 


INSPECTOR  OF  WEIGHTS: 

coal  mine  inspector  to  be 

duty  of 

INSPECTORS,  FACTORY: 

(See  factory  inspectors.) 

INSPECTORS  OF  HOTELS: 

(See  "hotel  inspectors.”) 

INSPECTORS  OF  MINES: 

election  of,  in  certain  counties 

qualifications  of 

temporary  appointment  of,  by  supervisors 

terms  of  office  of 

vacancies  in  office  of 

bonds  of,  approval  and  filing  of 

appointment  of  deputies  by 

compensation  of,  how  fixed 

general  duties  of 

how  often  to  inspect  mines 

when  may  order  miners  to  quit  work 

may  order  safeguards 

how  to  protect  idle  or  abandoned  mines 

liability  for  allowing  work  in  places  condemned  by 

to  be  furnished  with  maps,  plans,  etc.,  of  mines 

to  be  furnished  with  persons  and  appliances 

salaries  and  mileage  of,  how  paid 

to  make  inspection  of  mine  on  notice 

not  to  reveal  name  of  party  giving  notice  to  inspect  mine 

to  file  annual  report  with  county  clerk 

to  furnish  commissioner  of  labor  with  copy  of  report 

contents  of  report  of 

INSURANCE  COMMISSIONER: 

member  of  commission  to  enforce  hotel  act 

INTOXICANTS: 

no  person  to  go  about  mine  under  influence  of 

no  one  to  have,  in  or  about  mines 

INTOXICATING  LIQUORS: 

child  not  to  be  employed  where  sold 

girl  or  woman  not  to  furnish  music  where  sold 

employment  agency  not  to  be  conducted  where  sold 


60 

60,  61 


102 

102 

103 

104 
10.5 
106 

107 

108 
109 
109 
109 
109 

109 

110 
111 
111 
112 
113 

113 

114 
114 
114 

159 

96 

96 

10 

25 

241 


J. 

JACKSON: 

establishment  of  free  employment  bureau  in 

JUDGE  OF  PROBATE: 

when  may  issue  permit  to  employ  child  under  16. 


KALAMAZOO: 

establishment  of  free  employment  bureau  in 


K. 


35 

10 

35 


L. 

LABOR  AND  MATERIALS: 

act  to  secure  payment  for,  on  public  buildings,  etc 186-189 

LABOR  DEPART M E N T : 

(See  department  of  labor.) 

LABORERS: 

protection  of  rights  of 201 

LANDINGS: 

at  top  of  shafts  in  coal  mines,  regulation  of 43 

LAUNCHES: 

inspection  of 117 

penalty  for  navigating  without  complying  with  law 138 

LAUNDRY: 

hours  of  labor  in 9 

employment  of  child  in 10 

LEGAL  DAY’S  WORK: 

violation  of  act  as  to 179 

disposition  of  fines  recovered 180 

not  to  apply  to  domestic  or  farm  laborers 181 

what  constitutes,  in  factories,  etc 177-181 

construction  of  contracts 178 

LIABILITY: 

of  employer  in  employment  of  child  under  16 10 

of  mine  owners  for  accidents  in  certain  cases 110 

LICENSE: 

of  masters,  pilots  and  engineers  of  steam  passenger  vessels 128 

to  be  framed  and  posted  conspicuously 128 

penalty  for  acting  without 128 

revocation  of,  by  commissioner 128 

temporary  navigation  of  vessel  without 138 

of  officers  of  steam  vessels,  fee  for 139 

penalty  for  change  of,  by  master,  etc 142 

right  to  be  heard  before  revocation  of 149 

refusal  to  issue,  examination  of,  by  commissioner 150 

for  private  employment  agency 235 

fee  for,  form  of,  expiration  and  revocation  of 235 


INDEX. 


105 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 


LIFE  PRESERVERS: 

required  to  be  carried  by  steam  vessels 

LIGHTS: 

at  top  and  bottom  of  shafts 

arrangement  of,  at  coal  mine  shafts 

on  cars  moved  by  machinery,  in  coal  mines 

to  be  displayed  by  Steamboats,  etc 

LIME  WATER: 

to  be  kept  on  hand  in  foundries 

LINE  SHAFTING: 

prevention  of  accidents  from 

LIQUOR: 

girl  or  woman  not  to  be  permitted  to  serve,  in  saloon . 

(See  “intoxicating  liquors.”) 

LOGGING  CAMPS: 

legal  day’s  work  in 

LOOSE  HAY: 

carrying  of,  on  passenger  vessels 

LOOSE  PULLEYS: 

machinery*  to  be  provided  with,  if  possible 

LOW  WATER  ALARM: 

when  may  be  required  for  boiler 

approval  of,  by  chief  factory  inspector 

LUBRICATING  OIL: 

storage  and  use  of,  in  coal  mines 

LUMBER  CAMPS: 

legal  day’s  work  in 


126 

45 

80 

83 

123 

26 

230-231 

25 

177 

132 

15 

33,34 

33 

68 

177 


M. 

MACHINE  DRILLS: 

regulation  of  operation  of 225-227 

MACHINERY: 

in  motion,  certain  persons  not  to  clean 11 

MALES: 

hours  of  employment  of,  in  factories,  etc 9 

certain,  not  to  clean  machinery  in  motion 11 

not  to  be  employed  in  certain  places 11 

MALT  LIQUORS: 

certain  persons  not  to  be  employed  where  manufactured,  etc 11 

(See  “ intoxicating  liquors.”) 

MANUFACTORIES: 

seats  in,  to  be  provided  for  females 24 

MANUFACTURING  ESTABLISHMENTS: 

general  authority  to  inspect 2 

individual  statistics  of,  not  to  be  published 2 

employment  of  child  in 9,10 

owner  of,  to  protect  hoisting  shafts,  elevators,  etc 12 

factory  inspectors  may  order  fire  escapes  on 13 

what  stairways  to  be  provided  in 14 

how  to  be  provided  with  wash  rooms,  closets,  etc 17 

annual  inspection  of 20 

MAP  WORK: 

for  department,  how  furnished 4 

MAPS: 

of  underground  workings  of  mine,  when  to  be  made 51 

of  coal  mine,  how  and  by  whom  made,  copies,  etc 63 

open  to  examination  in  office  of  commissioner ' 63 

extensions  to  be  entered  on • 63 

of  mines,  etc.,  to  be  furnished  county  inspector Ill 

MASTER: 

of  steam  passenger  vessel,  license  of 128 

penalty  for  acting  as,  without  license . 128 

revocation  of  license  of 128 

duty  of,  as  to  steam  pressure 133 

penalty  for  violation  Dy 133,  134 

steamboat  owner  responsible  for  good  conduct  of 135 

to  keep  in  conspicuous  place  parts  of  act  regulating  steam  vessels.  136 

temporary  action  of,  without  license 138 

penalty  for  change  of  license  by 142 

flashing  light  into  eyes  of,  prohibited 145 

MATTRESS  ESTABLISHMENTS: 

to  be  provided  with  hair-picking  machines - 32 

MEASURES: 

used  at  coal  mines,  how  tested 60,  61 

MECHANICS: 

protection  of  rights  of 201 

MERCANTILE  ESTABLISHMENT: 

hours  of  employment  in 9 

MERCANTILE  INSTITUTION: 

employment  of  child  in 10 

MERCHANDISE: 

employment  of  child  in  delivery  of 9 

MESSAGES: 

employment  of  child  in  delivery  of 9 


106 


INDEX. 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 


MESSENGER  SERVICE: 

employment  of  child  in 

MILEAGE: 

how  allowed  and  paid  to  county  mine  inspectors 

MILITIA: 

obstruction  or  annoyance  on  account  of  membership  in 

MILL: 

hours  of  employment  in 

MILLINERY  ESTABLISHMENT: 

hours  of  employment  in 

MINE  FOREMAN: 

duties  of 

orders  of,  relative  to  propping  roof,  to  be  obeyed 

MINES: 

employment  of  child  in 

election  and  duties  of  inspectors  of,  in  counties 

how  often  to  be  inspected 

manner  of  inspection  of 

dangerous  conditions  in 

when  safeguards  may  be  ordered  in 

protection  of  idle  or  abandoned 

liability  for  accidents  in,  when  not  safeguarded 

maps,  plans,  etc.,  of,  to  be  furnished  to  inspector 

penalty  for  refusal  to  comply  with  provisions  for  inspection  of . 

inspection  of,  upon  notice 

legal  day’s  work  in 

MINORS: 


permit  for  employment  of,  how  obtained . . . 
MOVING  PICTURE  SHOW: 

employment  of  child  in 

MUSIC: 

girl  or  woman  not  to  furnish,  in  saloon  .... 
MUSIC  HALL: 

employment  of  child  in 

MUSKEGON: 

establishment  of  free  employment  bureau  in 


9, 10 

112 

206-209 

9 

9 

92 

97 


9,  10 
109 
109 
109 
109 
109 

109 

110 
111 
111 
113 
177 


243 


11 

25 

11 

35 


NAPHTHA: 

carrying  of,  on  passenger  vessels 

NAPHTHA  LAUNCHES: 

inspection  of 

must  comply  with  act 

•penalty  for  navigating,  without  complying 
NINE  HOURS: 


N. 


average  of,  day’s  work  for  certain  persons 

NITROGLYCERINE: 

carrying  of,  on  passenger  vessels 

NON-RESIDENT: 

order  for  improvements  to  be  served  on  agent  or  tenant  of 
NOTICE: 

to  be  given  of  fire  escapes  ordered 

of  dangerous  condition  of  mine 

to  protect  idle  or  abandoned  mines 

of  necessity  of  services  of  mine  inspector 

of  occupational  disease  to  be  given  commissioner 


132 

117 

138 

138 


132 


23 


13 

109 

109 

113 

232 


O. 

OATHS: 

factory  inspectors  and  special  canvassers  authorized  to  administer 19 

OCCUPATIONAL  DISEASES: 

report  of,  by  physicians 232-234 

OFFICE: 

commissioner  of  labor  to  keep,  in  Lansing 1 

OFFICE  BUILDINGS: 

factory  inspectors  may  order  fire  escapes  on 13 

OFFICES: 

employment  of  child  in 10 

seats  in,  to  be  provided  for  females 24 

OIL: 

to  be  used  in  coal  mines 67 

to  be  used  in  lamps  of  passenger  vessel 129 

OPEN  FIRE  PLACES: 

use  of,  in  foundries 26 

ORDER: 

service  of  copy  of,  on  superintendent,  etc.,  of  factory,  etc 19 

for  installment  of  improvements,  how  served 23 


P. 

PARENTS: 

when  affidavit  of,  required  for  employment  permit 10 

affidavit  of,  may  be  required  for  age  certificate 11 


INDEX. 


107 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 

PASSAGE  WAYS: 

in  foundries,  construction  and  regulation  of 26 

around  bottom  of  shafts  in  coal  mines 43 

PASSPORT: 

required  for  employment  permit 10 

required  for  issue  of  age  certificate 11 

PENAL  INSTITUTIONS: 

officers  of,  to  furnish  information  to  department 5 

PENALTY: 

for  failure  of  witness  to  appear  and  testify 3 

for  refusal  to  give  information  to  commissioner,  etc 7 

for  refusal  or  false  testimony  before  commissioner 8 

for  false  statements,  etc.,  to  procure  employment  permit . 10 

for  failure  to  erect  fire  escape  ordered 13 

for  using  illegal  oil  for  illuminating  purposes  in  mines 50 

for  violating  regulations  as  to  use  of  explosives  in  mines 53 

for  interference  with  factory  inspector 54 

for  permitting  child  or  female  to  be  illegally  employed 54 

for  violation  of  provisions  of  act  creating  labor  department 54 

for  sale  or  use  of  oil  unsuitable  for  use  in  coal  mines 67 

for  violating  act  for  inspection  and  regulation  of  coal  mines 101 

for  refusal  to  comply  with  provisions  for  inspection  of  mines Ill 

for  divulging  name  of  party  giving  notice  to  inspect  mine 113 

for  loading  safety  valve,  etc.,  of  steam  vessel 127 

for  acting  as  master,  pilot  or  engineer  without  license 128 

for  violation  of  regulation  of  steam  pressure  on  passenger  boats 133 

for  violation  of  act  regulating  steam  vessels 134 

incurred  by  master  of  steam  vessel,  when  payable  by  owner 135 

for  change  or  erasure  in  license,  by  master,  etc 142 

for  receipt  of  illegal  fees  by  inspector  of  steam  vessels 143 

for  flashing  light  into  eyes  of  officers  of  steam  vessel 145 

for  false  certificate  by  inspector  of  steam  vessels 14fi 

for  failure  to  comply  with  regulations  for  hotels 158 

for  false  certification  of  hotel  inspection 164 

for  obstructing,  etc.,  hotel  inspector 165 

for  misrepresentations  as  to  work  apart  from  home  locality 167 

for  fraudulently  receiving  transportation  to  place  of  work  away  from  home  locality 168 

for  violation  of  act  relative  to  contracts  for  work  away  from  home  locality 169 

for  violation  of  act  making  ten  hours  legal  day’s  work 179 

for  violation  of  act  as  to  day’s  labor  on  railroads 185 

for  failure  to  pay  wages  according  to  law 192 

for  unlawful  interference  with  laborers 201 

for  violation  of  act  to  protect  toilers  against  unjust  demands 205 

for  annoyance  or  obstruction  of  employes  in  militia 209 

for  corrupt  influencing  of  employes,  etc 210 

for  failure  to  provide  water  closets  for  workmen  on  buildings 212 

for  refusal  to  comply  with  act  to  protect  employes  on  railroad  trains 215 

for  failure  to  provide  automatic  couplers  on  cars 217 

for  failure  to  provide  safety  guards  for  brakemen 220 

for  failure  of  street  railway  companies  to  protect  employes  from  weather 223 

for  violation  of  act  regulating  operation  of  power  drills 226 

for  failure  to  provide  safety  device  for  corn  husker 229 

for  failure  to  protect  line  shafting 231 

for  failure  to  report  occupational  disease 233 

for  violation  of  act  to  license  employment  agencies : 242 

for  violation  of  compulsory  education  acts 245,  251 

PERISHABLE  GOODS: 

hours  of  labor  in  preserving 9 

PERMIT: 

for  employment  of  child  under  16 ., 10,  243 

conditions  of  issue  of 10 

for  vacation  work 10 

how  to  be  signed 10 

what  to  state 10 

when  to  be  produced  for  inspection 10 

when  to  be  returned  to  child 10 

no  fee  to  be  charged  for 10 

for  manufacture  of  clothing,  etc.,  in  apartment,  conditions  of  granting 22 

when  may  be  revoked 22 

to  be  posted  in  conspicuous  place 22 

when  to  be  produced 22 

PETROLEUM: 

carrying  of,  on  passenger  vessels 132 

use  of,  as  fuel  on  steam  vessels 132 

PHYSICIAN: 

statement  of,  required  for  employment  permit 10 

required  for  age  certificate 11 

duty  of,  relative  to  contagious  diseases  in  manufacturing  apartments 22 

to  report  occupational  diseases 232-234 

PILOT: 

of  steam  passenger  vessel,  license  of 128 

penalty  for  acting  as,  without  license 128 

revocation  of  license  of 128 

penalty  for  violation  of  act  by 134 

temporary  action  of,  without  license. 138 

penalty  for  alteration  of  license  by 142 

/ flashing  of  light  into  eyes  of,  prohibited 145 


108 


INDEX. 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 


PIT  BOSS: 

duties  of 

PITS: 

around  furnaces,  iron  gratings  for 

PLANING  MILLS: 

use  of  solid  emery  wheels  in 

PLAYHOUSE: 

employment  of  child  in 

POOL  ROOM: 

employment  of  child  in 

POWDER: 

precautions  for  handling  in  coal  mines 

POWER  DRILLS: 

regulation  of  operation  of 

PRINTING,  BINDING,  ETC.: 

for  department,  how  done 

for  inspectors  of  steam  vessels,  how  procured 

PRISONS: 

officers  of,  to  furnish  information  to  department 

PRIVATE  EMPLOYMENT  AGENCIES: 

act  to  license  and  regulate , . 

no  person  to  operate  without  license 

fee  for  and  form  of  license  for 

expiration  and  revocation  of  license  for. 

enforcement  of  act  to  regulate 

disposition  of  fees  from 

bond  to  be  given  by  applicant  for  license  for 

action  against,  on  bond 

duty  of,  to  keep  register 

to  issue  receipts  for  fees  paid,  etc 

limit  of  fee  receivable  by 

repayment  of  part  of  fee  by 

certain  practices  of.  prohibited 

not  to  send  applicants  to  houses  of  prostitution,  etc 

not  to  be  conducted  within  place  for  sale  of  liquors 

PRIVIES  f°r  violat*ng  2104  t0  *icense  an(l  regulate 

for  employes,  provisions  for 

in  hotels,  regulation  of 

PROPS  AND  CAPS: 

timber  to  be  kept  for,  in  coal  mines 

miners  to  avoid  waste  of 

disposition  of  unsuitable 

PROSECUTING  ATTORNEY: 

when  to  prosecute  violations  of  law 

when  to  inspect  factory  or  workshop 

violations  of  steam  vessel  act  to  be  certified  to 

to  prosecute  for  violations  of  hotel  act 

to  prosecute  offenses  against  legal  day’s  work  act 

to  prosecute  for  failure  to  protect  street  railway  employes  from  weather 

to  prosecute  violation  of  act  regulating  operation  of  power  drills 

to  prosecute  for  failure  to  report  occupational  disease 

PROSECUTION: 

for  violation  of  law  as  to  emery  wheels,  etc 

PUBLIC  BUILDINGS: 

factory  inspectors  may  order  fire  escapes  on 

PUBLIC  LODGING  HOUSE: 

deemed  hotel 

PULLEYS: 

shifters  to  throw  belts  on  and  off  of 

loose,  to  be  provided  whenever  possible 


92 

26 

27 


11 

11 

47 

225-227 

4 
144 

5 

235-242 

235 

235 

235 

235 

235 

236 

236 

237 

238 

239 

239 

240 

241 

241 

242 

17 

156 


91 

98 

98 

21 

31 

116 

166 

179 

224 

227 

234 

31 

13  ' 

152 

15 

15 


RAILROAD  COMPANY: 

definition  of,  in  common  carrier  employe  act 
RAILROADS: 

day’s  work  of  employes  on 

RECORD  OF  BAPTISM: 

required  for  employment  permit 

age  certificate 

RECORD  OF  BIRTH: 

required  for  employment  permit 

age  certificate 

REFORMATORY  INSTITUTIONS: 


officers  of,  to  furnish  information  to  department 

REFUGE: 

places  of,  required  in  coal  mines 

REGISTER: 

of  employes  under  16,  how  to  be  kept 

when  to  be  produced  for  inspection 

of  names  of  persons  to  whom  work  is  given  to  be  made  in  apartments. 

when  to  be  produced 

to  be  kept  by  licensed  employment  agency 


deduction  of  cost  of  improvements  from 


172 

182-185 

10 

11 

10 

11 


83 

10 

10 

22 

22 

237 

23 


INDEX. 


109 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 


REPORT: 

monthly,  of  child  permitted  to  be  employed 10 

of  deputy  factory  inspectors  to  commissioner 18, 19 

copy  of,  to  be  served  on  superintendent,  etc 19 

of  inspection  of  coal  mines 38 

annual,  by  mine  owners  to  inspector 89 

of  commission  of  inquiry  into  wages  of  females 197 

of  occupational  diseases,  how  made 232 

penalty  for  failure  to  make 233 

REPORT,  ANNUAL: 

(See  annual  report.) 

RISK  OF  EMPLOYMENT: 

where  employe  not  deemed  .to  have  assumed 171 

ROPES: 

when  hotel  bedrooms  to  be  provided  with 155- 

ROW  BOATS: 

how  passenger  boats  to  be  equipped  with 125- 

RULES: 

for  preparing  blasts  in  coal  mines 49 

for  navigating  steam  vessels 125 


SAFE-GUARDS: 

to  be  provided  for  gearing,  belting,  etc 

for  protection  of  brakemen  on  railroads 

SAFETY  APPLIANCES: 

required  in  coal  mine  shafts 

SAFETY  CATCHES: 

cages  in  coal  mines  to  be  equipped  with 

SAFETY  DEVICE: 

for  com  huskers 

SAFETY  HOOKS: 

to  be  used  on  buckets  in  sinking  shafts  in  coal  mines 

SAFETY  VALVES: 

inspection  of 

penalty  for  loading  or  obstructing 

control  of,  by  commissioner 

SAGINAW: 

establishment  of  free  employment  bureau  in 

SALAMANDERS: 

use  of,  in  foundries 

SALARIES: 

of  inspector  of  coal  mines 

of  county  mine  inspectors  and  assistants,  how  paid 

SALOON: 

girl  or  woman  not  to  serve  liquor,  etc.,  in 

SALT  BLOCKS: 

legal  day’s  work  in 

SANITARY  CONDITIONS: 

collection  of  information  as  to 

as  to  use  of  part  of  mine  as  water  closet 

observation  of,  as  to  use  of  part  of  mine  as  water  closet 
SANITARY  QUESTIONS: 

collection  of  statistics  relating  to 

SANITARY  REGULATIONS: 

for  hotels 

SAVINGS: 

collection  of  information  as  to 

SAW-MILLS: 

provision  as  to  use  of  solid  emery  wheels  in 

legal  day’s  work  in 

SCALES: 

inspection  of,  in  coal  mines 

SCHOOL  HOUSE: 

condemnation  of  unsafe,  by  factory  inspectors 

factory  inspectors  may  order  fire  escapes  on 

doors  of,  to  open  outward 

SCHOOL  REPORT: 

when  required  for  employment  permit 

how  to  be  signed 

contents  of 

. when  may  be  waived 

SEAMSTRESS: 

not  within  provisions  of  law  as  to  work  done  in  apartments 
SEARCH  LIGHTS: 

not  known  as  navigating  lights 

SEATS: 

to  be  provided  for  female  help 

SHAFTING: 

line,  prevention  of  accidents  from 

SHAFTS: 

in  coal  mines,  regulation  and  safeguarding  of ...  

subject  to  inspection 

lights  at  top  and  bottom,  to  be  provided 

escapement,  in  coal  mines 

of  coal  mines,  lights  at 

means  of  communication  and  signaling  in 

safety  appliances  required  in 


15 

218—220 

84 

44 

228—220 

48 

117 

127 

127 

35 

26 

56 

112 

25 

177 

2.7 

52 

100 

39 

156 

2 

27 

177 

39 

13 

13 

13 

10 

10 

10 

10 

22 

145 


230-231 

43 

43 

45 

45 

80 

84 

84 


110 


INDEX. 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 

SHERIFF: 

when  to  inspect  factory  or  workshop 

SHIFTERS: 

owners  of  factories,  etc.,  to  provide 

SHOPS: 

hours  of  employment  in 

seats  in,  to  be  provided  for  females 

SHOWS: 

employment  of  child  in 

SIGNALING: 

means  of,  where  required  in  coal  mines 

SIGNALS,  CODE  OF: 

(See  “code  of  signals.”) 

SOLID  EMERY  WHEELS: 

use  of,  in  wood-working  establishments 

SPECIAL  AGENTS: 

appointment  and  authority  of 

SPECIAL  CANVASSERS: 

collection  of  information  by 

authorized  to  administer  oaths 

SPIRITUOUS  LIQUORS: 

(See  "intoxicating  liquors.”) 

STABLES: 

in  coal  mines,  location,  construction  and  regulation  of 

STAIRS: 

in  escape  shafts  of  coal  mines,  construction,  etc 

STAIRWAYS: 

what  to  be  provided  in  manufacturing  establishments 

around  furnaces,  how  to  be  constructed 

in  escapement  shafts  in  coal  mines 

permanent,  on  passenger  vessels 

STATE  BOARD  OF  HEALTH: 

chief  factory  inspector  to  report  certain  infected  articles  to.-. 

to  determine  purity  of  oils  for  use  in  coal  mines 

executive  officer  of,  to  be  member  of  hotel  commission 

report  of  occupational  diseases  to 

to  send  notice  to  commissioner  of  labor 

STATE  DEPARTMENTS: 

may  take  transcripts  of  individual  statistics 

STATE  INSTITUTIONS: 

doors  of,  to  open  outward 

STATE  OFFICERS: 

to  furnish  information  to  department 

STATE  TREASURER: 

how  to  pay  expenses  of  annual  inspection 

when  to  pay  expenses  of  free  employment  bureaus 

commissioner  to  account  for  fees  to 

to  pay  certain  witness  fees 

STATEMENT: 

of  physician  required  for  employment  permit 

of  officer  issuing  employment  permit 

of  physician,  required  for  age  certificate 

of  officer  issuing  age  certificate 

STATIONARY  STEAM  BOILERS: 

when  low  water  alarm  to  be  placed  on 

inspection  of 

STATIONERY: 

for  inspectors  of  steam  vessels,  how  procured 

STATISTICS: 

collection  of,  by  department  of  labor 

presentation  of,  to  governor 

publication  of 

STEAM  BOILERS: 

stationary,  low  water  alarms  on 

inspection  of 

STEAM  FIRE  PUMP: 

certain  vessels  to  be  provided  with 

STEAM  VESSELS: 

act  regulating 

commissioner  of  labor  charged  with  administration 

appointment  and  qualifications  of  inspector  of 

commissioner  to  have  supervision  of  inspector  of 

annual  inspection  of,  how  conducted 

how  number  of  passengers  of,  fixed 

how  boilers  of,  to  be  tested 

certificates  of  inspection  of 

number  of  passengers  may  be  carried  by 

shielding  of  woodwork  about  boilers,  etc.,  of 

safe-guards  against  fire  on 

permanent  stairways  on 

rules  for  navigating 

commissioner  may  make  special  rules  for 

to  keep  rules  hung  in  conspicuous  place 

display  of  lights  by 

certain,  to  be  provided  with  steam  fire  pump 

how  to  be  equipped  with  row  boats 

when  commissioner  may  require  extra  row  boats  for 


31 

15 

9 

24 

11 

83.  84 


27 

2 

5 

19 


82 

76 

14 

26 

45 

121 


22 

67 

159 

232 

232 


2 

13 

5 

20 

36 

139 

151 

10 

10 

11 

11 


33,  34 
33 


144 

2 

2 

2 


33,34 

33 

124 

115-151 

115 

115 

115 

116 
116 

117 

118 

119 

120 
120 
121 
122 
122 
122 

123 

124 

125 
125 


INDEX. 


Ill 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 


STEAM  VESSELS— Continued. 

to  be  provided  with  life  preservers 126 

penalty  for  loading  or  obstructing  safety  valve  of 127 

license  of  masters,  etc.,  of 128 

oil  to  be  used  in  lamps  of 129 

where  to  have  name  painted 130 

how  to  receive  and  discharge  passengers 131 

carrying  of  explosives  and  inflammables  on 132 

carrying  of  petroleum  on 132 

use  of  petroleum  as  fuel  on 132 

regulation  of  steam  pressure  on 133 

owner  of,  responsible  for  good  conduct  of  master 135 

master  of,  to  keep  conspicuous  parts  of  act  regulating 136 

annual  report  of,  by  commissioner 137 

to  comply  with  terms  and  provisions  of  act 138 

penalty  for  navigating  without  complying 138 

temporary  navigation  of,  with  unlicensed  officer 138 

fee  for  inspection  of 139 

certain  boats  exempt 139 

STOREHOUSE: 

owner  of,  to  provide  shifters  and  safeguards 15 

STORES: 

general  authority  to  inspect 2 

authority  of  commissioner  to  enter 7 

hours  of  employment  in 9 

employment  of  child  in 10 

protection  of  elevator  openings  in 12 

factory  inspectors  may  order  fire  escapes  on 13 

how  to  be  provided  with  wash  rooms,  closets,  etc.,  for  employes 17 

annual  inspection  of 20 

work  rooms  in,  to  be  properly  heated,  lighted  and  ventilated 22 

seats  in,  to  be  provided  for  females 24 

STRETCHERS: 

mine  owner  to  keep  in  readiness 90 

SUCTION  PIPES: 

emery  wheels  to  be  provided  with 29,  30 

SUPERINTENDENT: 

service  of  copy  of  order  on,  by  factory  inspector 19 

SUPERINTENDENT  OF  SCHOOLS: 

to  issue  permit  for  employment  of  child  under  16 10 

SUPERVISORS: 

when  to  obtain  information  for  department 6 

(See  also  “board  of  supervisors.”) 

SUPPLIES: 

for  department,  how  furnished 4 

SURVEYS: 

of  coal  mines,  how  made  and  preserved 63 

SWEET  OIL: 

to  be  kept  on  hand  in  foundries 26 


T. 

TELEGRAPH  SERVICE: 

employment  of  child  in 

TEN  HOURS: 

maximum  of  day’s  work  for  certain  persons 

TENANT: 

when  order  for  improvements  may  be  served  on 

when  may  deduct  cost  of  improvements  from  rent 

TENEMENT  HOUSE: 

no  room  in,  to  be  used  for  manufacture  of  clothing,  etc . . . 
TERM  OF  OFFICE: 

of  commissioner  of  labor  and  deputy 

of  inspector  of  mines 

THEATERS: 

employment  of  child  in 

factory  inspectors  may  order  fire  escapes  on 

THEATRICAL  COMPANIES: 

traveling,  employment  of  children  in 

TIMBER: 

for  props  and  cap  pieces  in  coal  mines,  to  be  kept  on  hand 
TOILERS: 

protection  of,  against  unjust  demands 

TOWNSHIP  OFFICERS: 

to  furnish  information  to  department 

TRAINMEN: 

on  railroad,  limit  of  work  of 

extra  hours’  labor  in  emergency 

payment  for  extra  labor  by 

TRAVELING  THEATRICAL  COMPANIES: 

employment  of  children  in 

TRAVERSE  CITY: 

establishment  of  free  employment  bureau  in 


10 

9 

23 

23 

22 

1 

104 

10 

13 

11 

41,91 

202-205 

5 

182 

183 

184 

11 


35 


U. 


UPHOLSTERING  ESTABLISHMENTS: 
to  be  provided  with  hair-picking  machines 


32 


112 


INDEX. 


References  are  to  compiler’s  sections. 

v. 

VACANCY: 

in  office  of  commissioner  of  labor,  how  filled 

inspector  of  mines 

VACATION  PERMIT: 

for  employment  of  child 

certain  requirements  may  be  waived  in 

VARIETY  SHOW: 

employment  of  child  in 

VASELINE: 

to  be  kept  on  hand  in  foundries 

VEGETABLE  CANNING  ESTABLISHMENTS: 

hours  of  labor  in 

VEGETABLE  OIL: 

only  pure,  to  be  used  for  illuminating  in  coal  mines 

VENTILATION: 

of  coal  mines,  mode  of 

of  escape  ways  from  coal  mines 

VILLAGE  OFFICERS: 

to  furnish  information  to  department 


1 

105 

10 

10 

11 

26 


50,67 

41,  65 
79 


5 


W. 

WAGES: 

collection  of  information  as  to 

earned  on  public  buildings,  etc.,  act  to  secure  payment  of 

bond  to  secure  payment  of 

act  providing  for  semi-monthly  payment  of 

payment  of,  when  leaving  work 

disagreement  as  to  amount  of 

special  contract  not  to  affect  payment  of 

penalty  for  failure  to  pay  as  provided  by  law 

when  act  as  to  payment  of,  to  take  effect 

for  females,  commission  of  inquiry  into 

certain  deductions  from,  prohibited 

WAREHOUSE: 

hours  of  employment  in 

owner  of,  to  provide  shifters  and  safe-guards 

WARRANT: 

when  to  issue  for  violation  of  law  as  to  emery  wheels .... 
WASH  HOUSES: 

when  and  where  to  be  constructed  at  coal  mines 

WASH  ROOMS: 

certain  institutions  to  be  provided  with 

factory  inspectors  authorized  to  order  installment  of 

WATER  CLOSETS: 

certain  establishments  to  be  provided  with 

factory  inspectors  may  order  installment  of 

use  of  parts  of  mine  as,  regulated 

use  of  part  of  mine  excavations  as 

in  hotels,  regulation  of 

for  workmen  on  buildings 

WEATHER: 

protection  of  street  railway  employes  from 

WEIGHMEN: 

of  coal,  to  be  sworn 

check,  how  may  be  named 

WEIGHTS: 

used  at  coal  mines,  testing  of 

WELL-HOLES: 

to  be  closed  and  secured 

WIRING: 

for  electricity  in  coal  mines,  regulation  of 

WITNESSES: 

department  may  subpoena  and  examine 

fees  of 

penalty  for  neglect  of,  to  attend,  etc 

may  not  be  compelled  to  go  out  of  county 

refusal  or  false  testimony  of,  penalty  for 

power  of  inspector  of  steam  vessels  to  subpoena,  etc 

payment  of  fees  to 

WOMAN: 

not  to  be  permitted  to  act  as  barkeeper,  etc 

WOOD  WORKING  ESTABLISHMENTS: 

provision  as  to  use  of  solid  emery  wheels  in 

WORKMEN: 

on  buildings,  water  closets  for » • 

WORK  ROOMS: 

in  stores,  to  be  properly  heated,  lighted  and  ventilated. . . 
WORKSHOPS: 

general  authority  to  inspect 

authority  of  commissioner  to  enter 

hours  of  employment  in 

employment  of  child  in 

protection  of  elevator  openings  in 

now  to  be  provided  with  wash  rooms,  closets,  etc ........ 

annual  inspection  of 

blowers  for  emery  wheels  in 

when  to  be  inspected 

legal  day’s  work  in 


...  2,7,39 

. . . 186-189 
186,  188,  189 
. . . 190-193 
190 

190 

191 

192 

193 

. . . 194-200 
203 

9 

15 


31 


73 


17 

23 

17 

23 

52 

100 

156 

211-12 

221-224 

40,  62 
40,  62 

60,  61 


12 


69 

3 

3 

3 

3 

8 

148 

151 

25 


21 1-212 


9 

9,  10 
12 
17 
20 
27-30 
31 
177 


